哪位古文大侠帮忙翻译下《二贞妇传》这篇文章的前一部分。谢谢了,绝对高分。
有许多过程,活动和做法,是独一无二的维护,例如:
•过渡:控制和协调的活动序列其间的制度逐步被移送来自开发商的维护者;
•服务水平协议( SLA )和专门(特定领域)维修合同谈判的维护者;
•修改请求和问题报告服务台:问题的处理过程所使用的维护者优先,文件和路线的要求,他们收到;
•改造要求接受/拒绝:修改工作,要求一定规模/努力/复杂性可能会拒绝维护,并转移至另外一个开发商。
一个共同的看法维修是,它仅仅是修复臭虫。然而,研究和调查,多年来表明,大多数, 80 %以上,维修的努力,用于非纠正行动( Pigosky 1997年) 。这种看法是持续的用户提出的问题报告说,在现实中是功能增强的系统。
软件维护和演化的系统最初是由梅尔给雷曼先生于1969年。一个时期的20年里,他的研究导致制定的八个规律演进(雷曼1997 ) 。主要调查结果包括他的研究,维修确实是进化的事态发展,并维护计算机辅助决策的理解会发生什么系统(和软件)随着时间的推移。雷曼表明,系统继续随着时间的推移。当他们发展,他们变得更加复杂,除非采取某种行动,以减少复杂性。
关键的软件维护问题是管理和技术。密钥管理问题是:符合客户的优先次序,人员配备,哪一个组织不维修,估计费用。关键的技术问题是:有限的了解,影响分析,测试,维修计量。
Largely enhances as well as the exchange of information comparison in the realization computer utilization and the information network now efficiency penetrates and expands enable humanity's life more and more not to be able to leave the digitization, the information. The information was deciding our survival, this already was a fact which did not struggle. Take the multimedia computer technology and the network communication technology as the main symbol information technology, is having the significant influence to the contemporary society, is changing our work way, the study way and the life style. The information technology is causes the education domain thorough transformation in the education domain utilization the determining factor, it will certainly to cause the course content, the method, the method, the pattern even teaching thought, the idea, the theory, and even system radical transformation .
一.Under network environment teaching resources characteristic
Presently, the deepened education reform, comprehensively advances the education for all-around development, pays great attention to the student to develop, is the education goal. The traditional teaching take the behaviorism study theory as the instruction, emphasized stimulated -- the response, teacher's function only is to an exterior stimulation, the teaching has neglected the student intrinsic psychology response. This kind of educational model take the teacher as the center, the student in the study process, is in the passive position, studied produces knowledge instilling into not to conform to the education for all-around development requirement to this kind of educational model, it has strangled student's individuality. The humanism theory thought the teaching the question mainly is: In teaching goal, emphasis individuality and creative development; In the curriculum content, emphasizes student's direct experience; In the method, advocated take the student as the center, drops to let the student self- choice, the self- discovery. What this kind of position and the education for all-around development emphasized is same .
二.Under network environment teaching
Under the network environment the teaching resources characteristic provides the implementation environment for the education for all-around development. Forever opens the politics vector under the network environment teaching information resource to be many to the exchange, the transmission system causes the knowledge for the multi- intermediaries to surmount the space and time limit. This characteristic had decided under the network environment the teaching process is: Openness and globalization; Study process interaction; Study content choice independency and individuality; Content form multimedia. In the certain social background, selects the study resources or the outside help constructs the construction knowledge significance on own initiative the process, its main content is through the study analysis, the design study resources, the cognition tool as well as the study independent study, the initiative study and the support independent study, the initiative study teaching strategy, the pattern .This kind take studied has conformed to the humanism and the education for all-around development as the central teaching design to the education request. Under the network environment the teacher no longer is the knowledge broadcast outside, the teacher except mainly plays the teaching resources organization (certainly to include teaching resources design, manufacture, conformity, experiment, test and so on) role, but also gets up counselling individually in the teaching, the supervision is individual, observes all to study the process. Has achieved the teaching goal, the majority of students have learned the independent gain information, begins, to move the eye, to move the brain three dimensional body, multiple stimulates, the study interest strengthened, the innovation ability strengthened. The teacher and student's status and the traditional teaching compared in this kind of situation has had the very big change, the teaching no longer is the pure knowledge instruction with instills into; Teacher's role mainly is the teaching information resource designer, the student studies the promotion, teacher's has been bigger under this kind of pattern importance, the computer only is the tool which one kind of information processes and presents, the teacher only choice is needs the unceasing renewal knowledge and the expanded aspect of knowledge; The teaching organizer needs to step the discipline knowledge structure .
译文:
康熙三十四年,我旅居涿州,在滕家教书,看见有个童仆,和其他的童仆在一起显得不合群,我觉得很奇怪。主人说:“他的娘亲姓方,歙县人,长的很漂亮,到我家后,向我娘子哭诉‘我儿是清白人家的子弟,不幸的是我相公没有才能品行,不可依靠。大凡贫贱勤勉的人,我不敢让他避开,你就让他和其他人一起住一起做杂役,以此过活。’恰逢孩子生病,让她去看护,她二十天不曾合眼。让她带了六个孩子,她始终忠厚勤恳,自从她相公不检点约束品行,她就发誓不和他住在一起。相公死后,她过着贫苦生活,直至终老。我的家人敬重她的贞操,所以对她的儿子也很有敬意。”
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