（求）初二英语（下）语法总归纳（一天内回答）

八年级下册 英语语法总结（全书）~

这里面有些语法点：
http://www.kaoshi.ws/html/2005/0430/199778.html
初二语法复习
1. so+谓语+主语：…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词

2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.

3. help yourself/yurselves to．．．请随便吃点．．．

4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth

5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.

完全不同意I really don’t agree.

6. 或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原则

既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原则

既．．．．又．．．both…and….谓语用复数

7. 看起来，似乎It seems/seemed that…..

8. 由于．．．而闻名be famous for….
更详细的语法可以看这里：）
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm

need to do sth需要做某事(人做主语)
need doing sth需要做某事(物做主语)
hear sb do sth听到某人做过某事
hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事
hear of +sb/sth听到或知道某人某物
hear about +sth听到关于某事物的消息
hear from sb 收到某人来信
stop to do sth停下来去做某事
stop doing sth停止做某事
go on to do sth接着去做某事
go on doing sth继续做某事
remember to do sth记住去做某事
remember doing sth记住做过某事
forget to do sth忘记去做某事
forget doing sth忘记做过某事
be angry with sb对某人生气
be angry at sth对某事很生气
like to do sth喜欢做某事(强调一次性的动作)
like doing sth喜欢做某事(泛指长期性习惯性地)
hate to do sth讨厌做某事(强调一次性的动作)
hate doing sth讨厌做某事(泛指长期性习惯性地)
refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
try to do sth设法或努力去做某事
try doing sth尝试着做某事
be afraid to do sth害怕做某事
be afraid of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
warn sb of/about sth警告某人
warn sb (not)to do sth警告某人(不要)做某事
learn to do sth学习做某事
agree to do sth同意做某事
hope/wish to do sth希望做某事
decide to do sth决定做某事
begin/start to do sth开始做某事
in the end=at last=finally最后
sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上
give an interview接受采访
make sb+adj\do sth使某人……\让某人做某事
be\become interested in sth/doing sth对……感兴趣
win取胜(比赛)
beat打败(人)
interested 有趣的(修饰人)
interesting有趣的(修饰物)
exciting激动人心的(修饰物)
excited激动人心的(修饰人)
relaxing放松的(修饰物)
relaxed放松的(修饰人)
surpised惊奇的(修饰人)
surpising惊奇的(修饰物)
be made from由…制成(看不出原材料)
be made of由…制成(看得出原材料)
see/hear sb do sth 看到/听见某人做某事
want to do sth=would like to do sth想要做某事
would like sth想要某物
would like sb to do sth想要/愿意某人做某事
too much太多
much too非常
be dangerous ……是危险的
be in danger ……处于危险中
in the dangerous陷入困境
in dangerous濒危灭绝
take up占据时间或空间
tidy up收拾 整理
look after=take care of照顾
help sb(to) do/with sth帮助某人做某事
spend…on/doing sth花时间/金钱干某事
as a result of= because of因为 由于
come out出版 发行 发芽 开花 出来
hold the line=hold on for a moment=wait for a moment稍等,别挂电
right now=at the moment=now 现在
right now=right away=at once立刻,马上
invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
invite sb to sw 邀请某人去某地
good luck with sth祝某事物好运
good luck to sb 祝某人好运
a couple of 几个两个 表示同类的物体但不是成对的
a pair of 表示成双成对的
in fact=actually事实上
by the way 顺便说一声
far away 遥远的
far(away)from 离……远
alone独自一人的(表状态)
lonely寂寞的(表感觉)
after all 毕竟
be afraid to do sth=be afraid of (doing)sth害怕(做)某事
make friends with 与某人交朋友
worry about=be worried about担心 担忧
don't mention it=you're welcome=That'okay=That'all right=Not at all 不客气
look out=be carefully=look out for小心

look out of朝……外看
look for寻找
look like看上去像
look forward to 盼望
look up查找
look after=take care of照顾
look over检查身体
look through浏览
look down on(upon)轻视 看不起
look around/round四处看看
look like …看起来像…(比较的人或物分别放在前后作主语和宾语)
look the same …看起来像(比较的人或物都放在前面作主语)
as if好像(后面接句子)
be on上演
thank you for……=thanks for因…而感谢

ask for job 求职
once a week一周一次
use…for… 用…来做…
take off卸下、起飞、脱下、休假
land in降落
put on穿上
turn off/out 关上
turn on 打开
turn up开大一点
turn down开大一点
pick up 拿起
动词+宾语+身体部位 攻击某人身体部位
stay cool保持冷静
stop talking 停止谈话
be business 出差
rather…than… 宁可…也不…
steal one's sth偷某人某物
steal sth from sb偷某人某物
on one's way to在……路上
take sb around=show sb around带领某人参观某地
join=take part in参加
decide to do sth决定干某事
come this way 这边走
the latest news最新消息
introduce …to… 把……介绍给…
too …to… 太…而不能
prefer A to B AB之间更喜欢A
connect A to/with B 把A与B连接
so that为了 表目的
so…that…如此…以至于
neither…or…两者都不
either…or…两者都
not only …but also不但……而且
both …and…不但…而且…
appear出现
disappear消失
weather…or not是否
the end of ……末
the beginning of ……的开头
at the end of 在……结尾
at the beginning of 在……开始
in the end of=at last=finally 最后
pocket momney零花钱
whatever无论什么
whoever无论谁
whichever无论哪个
whenever无论何时
wherever无论何地
动名词表达的是:状态 性质 心境 抽象 经常性 已发生的
不定式表达的是:目的 结果 原因 具体 一次性 将发生的
may引导的疑问句当否定回答时may要变must
must引导的疑问句当否定回答时must要变need
it seem that 好像
an interesting place名胜
all together一起
rather A than B 不是 B而是A
keep doing sth坚持做某事
as a result of=because of 因为 由于
at the age of在……岁时
be late for干…迟到
keep(on) +动词ing
enjoy+动词ing
miss+动词ing
finish+动词ing
consider+动词ing
suggest+动词ing
practice+动词ing
agree with同意
in person亲自
talk about 谈论
be proud of 以…自豪
in the background 在幕后
be able to do能够、会做某事
among 在…中间(三者以上)
between在…中间(两者之间)
in front of 在…前面(物体外)
in the front of在…前面(物体内)
think of sb/sth想起觉得
think about sb/sth考虑
take place发生 (非偶然或有计划的)
happen发生 (偶然或突然性)
awake醒着的--asleep睡着的
have to不得不
hurry up赶快
in a hurry匆忙
hurry to +地点 赶往某地
break up 使粉碎 解散
make a mistake犯错
make sure确认 确保 查明
except 除…以外(表示从整体中减去一部分)
except for 除…以外(把某一点除外)
besides 除…以外(表示并非真正排除)
true to life很逼真
face to face面对面
in one's opinion以某人的观点
come on (灯)亮起来 加油
play a joke on sb 开玩笑在某人身上
play a joke with sb 和某人开玩笑
at the moment用于现在时表示"片刻"的意思,
用于过去时表示"那时"的意思
for a moment常与连续性动词连用表示"一会儿,片刻"
for the moment常用于现在时意味"暂时、目前"
as…as you can尽可能…
find out找到…(通过探索观察而发现事实的真相)
discover找到…(发现的对象本来是存在的只是以前不知道)
not at all一点儿也不
bring sth带来某物
get virus中病毒
go wrong出毛病、坏掉.
climb out of爬出
take medicine吃药
make sure确信、有把握
worry about担心(表动作)
be worried=worry about
be worried about担心(表状态)
be worried about sb/sth担心某人或某物
although虽然----but 但是(两者不能连用)
because因为 ----so所以(两者同样不能连用)
pull sth off 成功做了某事(难事等)
pull down拆毁(建筑)
pull through克服困难、共度难关
pull together控制(自己)感情
pull out 取出、(火车)离站
…day(s) of …天假
whole day整天
put away把……收起来
put out把火熄灭,把灯关上
put off推辞
put on穿上
put up with容忍,忍受

中考英语语法总复习归纳
文章录入：陈莉
一、出现以下词，用do填空：
can , could, may, must, need, had better, why not, make, have to, let’s, see, hear, watch, notice, Will ( Would ) you please…?
二、出现以下词，用to do 填空：
would like, want, begin, start, hope, decide, ask, wish, have something to do, tell, take time, it’s time, remember, forget, learn, teach, try, stop, plan, adj./疑问词后，take ,allow, encourage, warn, It’s +形容词＋to do something, discuss, know, refuse, invite , get order, like, offer, lend, make up one’s mind to do, set one’s mind to do, enough, need
三、出现以下词，用doing 填空：
finish, like, enjoy, mind, keep, be busy, there be, do some…, go doing, prevent, be worth, spend, practice, feel like, thank somebody for doing something ,stop, excuse somebody for doing something, can’t help, prefer…to…,look forward to…hate, mention, have fun doing,介词：at, in , on, of , from, for, about, with, without, ,make a contribution to, be used to, hear, see, watch, notice, listen,

四、基数词的特殊变化
one---first ; two---second; three---third; five---fifth; eight---eighth; nine---ninth; twelve---twelfth; twenty---twentieth; twenty-one---twenty-first
五、代词的变化：
主格―――宾格――所有格(adj.)――所有格（n.）―反身代词
I --------me--------my----------mine-------------myself
you------you--------your-------yours------------yourself
he-------him---------his-------his-------------himself
she------her----------her-------hers-----------herself
it-------it----------its--------its--------- itself
we-------us---------our---------ours------------ourselves
you------you--------your--------yours---------yourselves
they-----them------their--------theirs---------themselves

六、 表示天气的词
1. sun—sunny 2. cloud—cloudy
3. rain—rainy 4. wind—windy
5. fog—foggy 6. mist—misty
7. snow—snowy 8. shower—showery

七、表示方向的词
1. east—eastern—easterner(s) 2south—southern—southerner(s) 3.west—western—westerner(s) 4.north—northern—northerner(s)

八、国家---国家的（人）
1.China—Chinese 2.Japan—Japanese
3.Germany--German 4.Canada—Canadian
5.Sweden—Swedish 6. Australia--stralian
7. Italy—Italian 8. India—Indian
9.France—French-renchman 10.America—American

九、一些特殊的名词复数及短语
1. leaf_________________ 2. life_________________
3. thief_________________ 4. knife_________________
5. shelf_________________ 6. half__________________
7.roof_________________ 8.German_______________
9.sheep________________ 10.deer_________________
11.child_________________ 12.woman teacher________
13.tooth_________________ 14.foot_________________
15.people_______________ 16.postman______________
19.boy________________ 20.key___________
21.story_______________ 22.family______________
23.century_____________ 24.baby_______________
26.tomato_______________ 27.potato________________
28.radio_________________ 29.zoo_________________
30.kilo_________________ 31.photo________________
32.businessman_________ 33.woman_______________
34.man__________________ 35.difficulty____________
36.monkey_____________ 37.mouse_______________

十、词型转换（200个）
1.work—worker
2.vent—inventor（人）--invention（物)
3. use—useful-used 4.teach—teacher
5.conduct—conductor 6.care—careful--carefully
7. play—player 8.visit—visitor
9.careless—carelessly—carelessness
10. clean—cleaner 11.inspect-inspector
12 .wake--awake 13. speak--speaker
14.piano—pianist 15 .sleep—asleep
16.cook—cook（人）—cooker（物） 17.science—scientist
18.miss—missing 19.dance—dancer
20.art—artist 21.fish--fishing
22. drive—driver 23.tour—tourist
24.kind—kindness 25.farm—farmer
26.joural—jouralist 27 .nature--natural
28. mange—manger 29.library—librarian
30.cover—discover 31. foreign—foreigner
32.music--musician 33.feather--feathered 34 . help—helper
36.busy—business--businessman 37.follow--following
38.read—reader 39 .post—postman/postwoman
40.enter—entrance 41. write—writer
42.sit--seat 43.danger--dangerous
44. run—runner 45.wool--woollen
46.serve--service 47.win—winner
48.lose--lost 49.pride--proud
50. sing—singer 51.worry--worried
52.collect—collection 53.swim—swimmer
54.break--broken 55.produce--production
56.sleep—sleeper 57.fill—filled--full
58.contribute--contribution
59.travel—traveller—traveling
60.reward--rewarding 61.comfort--comfortable
62.climb—climber 63.turn--turning
64.instruct--instruction 65. keep—keeper
66.fly--flight 67.pollute--pollution
68.strange—stranger 69.please—pleased—pleasant--pleasure
70.move--moving 71. wait—waiter
72.know—knowledge 73.appear--appearance
74.jump—jumper 75.meet--meeting
76. disappear--disappearance
77.speak—speaker 78.thank--thankful
79.frighten--frightened 80. print—printer(物)
81.noise—noisy--noisily 82. life--lifetime
83.sell—seller 84.cross—across--crossing
85.frustrate--frustrated
86.dive—diver 87.ill—illness
88.fire—fireplace 89.own—owner
90.pain--painful 91.tradition--traditional
92. explore—explorer 93thank--thankful
94.decorate—decorator--decoration
95.surf—surfer—surfing
96.help--helpful 97 .confident--confidence
98.help—helper 99.wonder—wonderful--wonderfully
100.different--difference
101. begin—beginner 102. colour—colourful
103.importanrt--importance
104.paint—painter
105.beauty—beautiful—beautifully
106.good--goodness
107.rob—robber--robbery
108.forget--forgetful 109.person—personal
109.active—activity--actively
110.congratulate—congratulation
111.think—thought
112.decide—decision 113.breathe—breath
14.review—revision 115.describe—description 116.possible—impossible 117.late--later
118.discuss—discussion
119.celebrate—celebration 120.dry—drought
121.enjoy—enjoyable 122.air—airport 123.lone--lonely 124.fun—funny
125.live—lively--alive 126.train—training
127.educate—education
128.love—lovely 129.clear—clearly
130.slow—slowly 131.exact—exactly 132.final—finally
133.quick—quickly 134.happy—happily 135.heavy—heavily
136.near—nearly 137.real—really 138.sad—sadly--sadness
139.quiet—quietly 140.silent—silently 141.polite—politely 143.safe—safely—safety
144.luck—lucky—luckily—unlucky
145.usual—usually—unusual 146.health—healthy—healthily
147.success—successful—successfully 148.excite—excited—exciting
149.interest—interested—interesting 150.surprise—surprised—surprising
151.amaze—amazed—amazing 152.bore—boring
153.grate—grateful(近)thankful
154.dark—darkness
155.park—parking 156.treat—treatment 157.cross—across—crossing
158.boat—boating 159.salt—salty 160.home—homework
161.house—housework 163.check---check-out 164.begin—beginning
165.lie—lying 166.die—dying 167.friend—friendly—friendship
168.most—mostly 169.die—dead—death 170.especial—especially
171.fail—failure 172.probable—probably 173.realize—realization
174.rail—railway 175.shy—shyly—shyness 176.space—spaceship
177.high—highly—height 178.one—first—once 179.two—second—twice
180.bear—born—birth 181.relax—relaxed 182.true—truly—truth
183.name—named 184.call—called 185.bright—brightly
186.sudden—suddenly 187.direct—directly 188.wide—widely
189.volley—volleyball 190.foot—football 191.base—baseball
192.give—given 193.harm—harmful 194.neat—neatly
195.build—builder—building 196.deep—deeply 197.correct—correctly
198.hard—hardly 199.marry—married 200.mean--meaning

十一、不规则形容词和副词的比较级及最高级：
1.good—better—best 2.well—better—best 3.much—more—most 4.many—more—most 5.bad—worse—worst 6.badly—worse—worst
7.ill—worse—worst 8.far—farther—farthest 9.old—older—oldest
10.old—elder—eldest 11.little—less—least

十二、动词时态的句子结构及关键词：
一般现在时：
句子结构：肯定句 主语＋be (am, is, are ) +其他
否定句 主语＋be not +其他
疑问句 Be＋主语＋其他
或： 肯定句 主语＋动词原型＋其他 ( 第三人称单数作主语动词要加“s” )
否定句 主语＋don’t+动词原型＋其他（第三人称单数作主语don’t改为doesn’t）
疑问句 DO+主语＋动词原型＋其他（第三人称单数作主语do改为doess）
关键词：sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday afternoon, at 10 o’clockin the morning, five days a week, three times a month等。
注：在时间壮语从句、条件壮语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来时，这时一般从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时
现在进行时：
句子结构：肯定句 主语＋be +动词的现在分词＋其他
否定句 主语＋be not+动词的现在分词＋其他
疑问句 Be +主语＋动词的现在分词＋其他
关键词：now, right now, at the moment, It’s+几点钟等的句子。或look, listen, keep quiet等提示语。
一般将来时：
句子结构： 肯定句 主语＋will+动词原型＋其他
否定句 主语＋will not +动词原型＋其他
疑问句 Will +主语＋动词原型＋其他
(will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall)
关键词：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven o’clock tomorrow evening, next year,
at ten o’clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days’ time, in the future 等。
一般过去时：
句子结构：肯定句 主语＋be（was，were）＋其他
否定句 主语＋be not＋其他
疑问句 Be＋主语＋其他
或： 肯定句 主语＋动词的过去式＋其他
否定句 主语＋did not＋动词原型＋其他
疑问句 Did＋主语＋动词原型＋其他
关键词：yesterday，yesterday morning等 ，last week, last year, at the end of last term,
一段时间＋ago如：ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 1980s等。
Just now，in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等。
过去进行时：
句子结构: 肯定句 主语＋was/were+动词的现在分词＋其他
否定句 主语＋was/were not ＋动词的现在分词＋其他
疑问句 Was/Were + 主语＋ 动词的现在分词＋其他
关键词：具体时间＋过去的时间壮语 如：at ten o’clock yesterday morning, at this time last Sunday等。
现在完成时：
句子结构：肯定句 主语＋have/has+动词的过去分词＋其他（第三人称单数用has）
否定句 主语＋have/has not+动词的过去分词＋其他
疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 ＋ 动词的过去分词＋其他
关键词：already, yet, just, ever, never ，so far, for +一段时间，since＋过去的时间或过去时从句。或this year alone“今年以来”，these five years alone“这五年以来”，in the last ten years “在过去的十年中”等。
过去将来时：
句子结构§ ： 肯定句 主语＋ would＋ 动词原型＋其他
否定句 主语＋ would not + 动词原型＋ 其他
疑问句 Would+主语＋动词原型＋其他
(would可改为was/were going to ,主语第一人称时would可用should)
过去将来时主要用在宾语从句中。
过去完成时：
句子结构： 肯定句 主语＋had ＋ 动词的过去分词＋其他
否定句 主语＋had not +动词的过去分词＋其他
疑问句 Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他
关键词：by＋过去某一时间点 如：by last year, by the end of+过去某一时间点 如：by the end of last year, before+过去某一时间点,by the time +从句，或宾语从句中。

常见谚语
1 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成
2 Never do things by halves. 凡事不要半途而费
3 When I think of you, my heart is full of happiness. I’m so happy (lucky) to be your daughter (son). 我想起你，我心中就充满幸福，作为你的女儿（儿子），我是多么高兴啊。
4 Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不饶人
5 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 信心是成功的第一步
6 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成
7 Never do things by halves. 凡事不要半途而费
8 It is better to give than to receive. 给予比索取更伟大
9 If everyone gives a love to each other, the world will become much more beautiful.如果人人都献出一点爱世界将会更美好
10 Time is money. But I think time is more important than money. 时间就是金钱但是我认为时间比钱更重要
11 She is always thinking of others but never thinks of herself.
她总是处处为别人着想而不想自己
12 How time flies! 时间过得真快呀
13 They both think that to work hard is the key to success.
他们认为工作是打开成功之门的钥匙

14 On the road of life, you can cry and you can laugh, but don’t forget to move on.人生道路上你可以哭可以笑,但不要忘了前进
15 Our life is full of color. We should live happily. Let’s enjoy our life together.
我们的生活是绚丽多彩的，我们要快乐地生活。让我们一起享受生活吧。
16 If I study harder than before from now on, I’m sure that I can win. 如果我努力学习，我确定我一定会胜利。
17 I must study hard and learn a lot of knowledge to come true my dream. 我必须努力学习知识以至于我的梦想得以实现。
18 I think I can get on well with them and I’m not only their teacher but also their friend.
我会与他们友好相处，不仅做他们的老师，而且也做他们的朋友。
19 He that nothing questions, nothing Learns. 学贵有疑。
20 It’s not the end of the world, try to look on the bright side of thing, I’m sure it will be all right.
这不是世界末日，试着往事情好的方面看，我确认一切都会好起来。
21 When you do nothing, you learn nothing. But when you try, ever though you are not successful, success will be color and closer to you.
你什么都不做，你将什么也学不到，但是你去尝试， 即使没有成功，成功也将离你越来直径。
22 It doesn’t matter how many times you are not successful, It doesn’t matter that you will be successful one day.
你失败多少次并不重要，重要的是将来有一天你会成功。
23 Moonlight comes from the sun, but the light in my heart comes from you——my dear teacher.
月光来自太阳，而我心中的希望来自你——我亲爱的老师。
24 Business comes before pleasure. 正事在先，玩乐在后。
25 As is well known, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things.
如众所周知，书籍教我们学习人生，真理，科学以及其它许多有用的东西。
26 Books are our good teachers and wise friends.
书籍是我们的良师益友
27 Traveling increases our knowledge. Only by traveling can we see things outside our hometown.
旅行增加我们的知识。只有藉旅行我们可以看到我们故乡以外的东西。
28 Traveling is good to our health. While we are traveling, we usually exercise our bodies.
旅行对我们的健康有益。当我们旅行的时候，我们通常运动我们的身体。
29 Hard work is the best avenue to success.努力工作是成功的最好途径。
30 Well begun is half done. 良好的开端，是成功的一半
31 Where there is a will there is a way. 有志者，事竟成 。
32 Will is power. 意志就是力量 。
33 Nothing is Difficult if you put your heart into it=Nothing in the world is impossible if you set your mind to do it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
34 Never put off tomorrow what you can do today. 今日事，今日毕。
35 The early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登。
36 One is never too old to learn=live and learn 活到老，学到老。
37 No pains. No gains. 不劳而获
38 To save time is to lengthen life 珍惜时间就是珍惜生命
39 Every dog has its day. 人人皆有得意时
40 Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不饶人

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