具体倒装句详细讲解

强调句和倒装句的详细讲解~

倒装句（INVERSION）
一、倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

——部分倒装：将情态动词、助动词、系动词提到主语前。

1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词， 如：hardly, never, not, not only…but also, little , neither…nor…, not until…,no sooner…than…, seldom ,by no means, in no time, in no case, nowhere, never before(often)等放在句首时。
1) Never shall I forget it.
2) Never before have I seen such a film.
3) Not a single mistake did he make.
4) Little does he care about what others think.
5) Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
6) Often did we warn them not to do so.
7) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
8) Never have I seen such a performance.
9) Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.
10) Nowhere in the world can there be such a quiet and beautiful place.
11) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

当not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装：
　　 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
　　 The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.


以否定词开头作部分倒装：
Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装：
　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
注意：只有当not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构：
Not only you but also I am fond of music。

2. so, neither, nor作部分倒装
把副词 so 放在句首，表示前面所说的情况，也适合于另一人或物。 肯定句用so,否定句用neither/nor, 用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。句式如下：
So + be ( have, 助动词或情态动词) + 主语。
Neither (Nor) + be ( have, 助动词或情态动词) + 主语。
He likes rice very much. So do I. Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
I have never been there, and neither has he. 　　 If you won't go, neither will I.

注意: So it is/was with sb./It’s the same with sb.
1/ He can speak Chinese and can’t speak Japanese. So it is with his wife.
2/You are a good student and work hard. So it is with Xiao Ming.
3/ You like watching TV. So it is with my brother and me.

区分: so do I/ so I do/I do so
1/---He is a good boy. --- So he is.(强调作用,表确实,的确)
2/She hoped that he would search the room carefully and he did so.(指代前面提到的同一动作或事情)
注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"：
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.

3. only在句首倒装的情况：
　 Only in this way, can you learn English well.
　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装：
　 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.

4. as, though”尽管” 引导的倒装句
　 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
句式：
（1） 表语/状语+ as + 主语+ 系动/实动，主句。
（2）动原 +as + 主语+ will/may ， 主句。
　　①句首名词不能带任何冠词。
②句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前：
Child as he is, he knows much English.
Much as he loves his son, he is strict with him.
Try as I might, I still couldn’t work it out.
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

5. 其他部分倒装
1) 用于so/such…that句型, so/such置于句首时,要部分倒装
So frightened was he that he didn’t dear to move.
So loudly do the students read their lessons that people can hear them out in the street.
Such a well-known man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：
May you all be happy. May you succeed!
Long live the Chinese Communist Party.

3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：
Were I you, I would try it again.
Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating.
Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods.
Had I knew it, I wouldn’t have done it.

4） No matter how/However + adj./adv.+主语+ 谓语， 主句。
However/No matter how late it is, she often waits for him.

二、倒装句之全部倒装
——完全倒装：将谓语动词直接提到主语前 。
就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于下列几种情况：

1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词：
　　 Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.
2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词：
　　 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.
　 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装：
Here he comes. 　　　 Away they went.

3. 把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。
I like reading English, so does he.

2. 把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。
——I don't think I can walk any further.
——_______, let's stop here for a rest.
A. Neither and I 　 B. Neither can I 　 C. I don't think so 　 D. I think so

4. 用于地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调。注意：主语为代词时，不能全部倒装。
There goes the bell. Look! Here they come.

5. 当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词。
Under the table are three white cats.

6. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为"表语+系动词+主语"。
(1)形容词+系动词+主语: Present at the meeting was Mr. Green, a headmaster.
(2)过去分词+系动词+主语 Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.
(3)介词短语+系动词+主语 In front of the playground is a newly-built house.
Present at the party were Mr green and many other guests.
Seated on the ground are a group of young men.
Gone are the days when we used the “foreign oil”.

7. 有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。
They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.

8. 在一些表示祝愿的句子里。
Long live the Communist Party of China!

14.1 倒装句之全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.


2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.


注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.

14.2 倒装句之部分倒装


部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。


1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题

1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。
改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

14.3 以否定词开头作部分倒装



如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.

14.4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装


表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.

典型例题
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。


注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.

14.5 only在句首要倒装的情况


Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
14.6 as, though 引导的倒装句


as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

注意：
1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意:
让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

14.7 其他部分倒装



1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：
May you all be happy.

3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例题：
1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案为D. 否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案为B。

3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析：答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

1.no sooer……than…… 引起的是主从复合句，主句应倒装，从句不倒装。它的用法是than前用had +主语+done，也就是过去完成时，than后用did，也就是过去式。这种需要你多背多记。
2.A是过去完成时，也就是说这个动作要比failed早，而句子的意思是考试失败后才意识到学习的重要性，所以只需用过去式
3.句子的意思是说只有其他都被控制之后，居民们才可返回家乡。will的虚拟就是would，would do也可理解为过去将来时
4.as一旦解释为虽然，尽管的意思时，句子要倒装，句型为adj/n./adv/v原形+as+主语+v. 也就是说主句是陈述语序，主谓宾的顺序
5.这里需要一个完整的句子，A句子不成立，因为主谓宾不齐全
选B则是倒装，down是副词提前后，主语要为名词时，句子要完全倒装，而主语为代词时，则不倒装，所以B的倒装形式是对的，因为He是代词

1.这一题中考查no sooner...than...这个结构的用法，一般情况下这种句型中前面都用过去完成时后面用一般过去时。意思是：一... ...就... ...表示的是一种先后状态。这题选项句的翻译是：不，当她走了以后，事故发生了。句中的对象是在车祸发生之前离开的，所以说要用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，也就是表示在车祸发生的过去。
2.这一题翻译：我上学期期末考试没有考好之后我才认识到学习的重要性。这里主语动作的发生有个先后关系。他认识到学习重要性是在发现考试没有考好之后，而考试时在“认识”之前，所以用一般过去时就可以，不用过去完成时。
3.这里要用过去将来时以对应时态配合。前面一开始用的是一般过去时，但是后面所要说的表示的是一种预期的愿望，也就是说一种假设，这里也可以把它看成是虚拟语气。
4.这里强调的是表语。这是一个固定用法，表语提前，用as连接，其他成分顺序不变，记住这个句型，这个是固定用法，以后遇见相同的题目就不会出错。
5.这里强调的是状语，表示一种状态。jump不是系动词，不能直接提前，只能用did。A改成：From the dark did he jump down.才正确。

1. 否定词放在句首，句子要到装：
no sooner...than...:一...就...:她一走它（事情）就发生了：所以她走时比事情发生更早的，所以用过去完成时。
2. only+状语放在句首，句子要倒装：
此处是and连接两个句子，它仍是后面句子的句首。only then知道那时候，是过去的一个时间点，所以用过去式，而不是完成时，如果要分时间的先后，也是fail发生在前。
3. 宣布只有当...的时候才...: 是不有什么条件才会有什么结果，说明还没发生呢，呵呵。所以是would.
4. as引导的让步状语从句放在句首，要倒装：
注：as 前名词不加冠词，
如：Child as he is, he helps a lot.
5. 强调跳下这个动作，所以强调的down放在句首。

你很勤学好问，我很喜欢，希望你再接再厉，如果需要，希望以后我还能尽点微薄之力来帮你。
祝你学习进步！

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晋姣益身：[答案] 常见文言文特殊句式例析 初中阶段常见的文言文特殊句式有四种:判断句、省略句、被动句、倒装句. 一、判断句 对客观事物表示肯定或否定,构成判断与被判断关系的句子,叫判断句.通常由以下几种方式构成: 1.以虚词配合一定的句式表示...

白云矿区19395894549： 请问英语中的倒装句是什么? - ？
晋姣益身： 在英语中,我们把主语在前谓语动词在后的句子叫陈述句,把谓语动词放在主语前面的句子叫倒装句.如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫完全倒装;如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装. I. 完全倒装 1. 用于 there be 句型. 例如...