一个高中英语单选题，不是高手勿进

一个----巨难----高中英语单选题-----------不是高手勿进~

答案是B。
布朗和他妻子希望：在2015年时，他们能住在北京，而不是其他城市
这句话中by是“在……时候”，比较少见
而且，这句话强调的是“住”这个状态 而不是过程
by翻译为“截止”也可以。截止到2015，仍然住在北京。那么就应该是将来完成进行时，而这道题里没有这个选项。比较纠结啊。可以理解么？还有问题的话就追问吧

1.首先year 2015 是未来的时间，所以用will
而后面用be living 而不用have lived 是因为根据语境，后面只是说明他们在未来那个时间的状态，而不是他们的动作，也就是live这个动词产生的影响，现在完成时一般表示对未来产生影响
2.by意思是 在…时候；到…之前；不迟于
1. PREP 由；被 If something is done by a person or thing, that person or thing does it.
The feast was served by his mother and sisters...
这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。
I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism...
他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。
The town has been under attack by rebel groups for a week now.
一周来，该镇一直受到叛军的袭击。
2. PREP （图书、音乐、绘画等）由…（创作），出自 If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it.
...a painting by Van Gogh...
一幅凡·高的画
'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.
阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。
3. PREP 介词 靠；用；凭 If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing.
We'll be travelling by car.
我们将开车旅行。
...dinners by candlelight.
烛光晚餐
4. PREP 通过，凭借（做某事） If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.
Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan...
把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。
The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world...
这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。
By using the air ambulance to transport patients between hospitals, they can save up to £15,000 per patient.
使用空中救护车在医院间运送病人，他们为每个病人节省的费用可达15,000英镑。
5. PREP （用于短语中）由于，出于（偶然或意外） You use by in phrases such as 'by chance' or 'by accident' to indicate whether or not an event was planned.
I met him by chance out walking yesterday...
我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。
He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake...
他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。
Whether by design or accident his timing was perfect.
不管是计划好的还是巧合，他对时机的把握堪称完美。
6. PREP 就（本性、职业或出身）而言 If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.
I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature...
拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。
She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women...
她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。
Her parents were in fact American by birth.
她的父母在血统上其实是美国人。
7. PREP 根据，按照（法律或某种标准） If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards.
Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.
法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。
...evening wear that was discreet by his standards.
以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服
8. PREP 说（某词语或某一番话） If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to.
Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'...
斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。
'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you mean by that?'
“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？”
9. PREP （用于表示抓住身体某部位或握住物体某部分） If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part.
He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around...
他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。
She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor...
她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。
He picked up the photocopy by one corner and put it in his wallet.
他拈着影印件的一角把它拿起来，放进了自己的钱包。
10. PREP 在…旁边；接近 Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it.
Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window...
朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。
Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine...
费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。
Emma was by the door.
艾玛站在门旁。
By is also an adverb.
Large numbers of security police stood by.
大批秘密警察站在一旁。
11. PREP 经过；经由 If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping.
A few cars passed close by me...
几辆车贴着我开过去。
He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street.
他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。
By is also an adverb.
The bomb went off as a police patrol went by.
当一队巡警经过时，炸弹爆炸了。
12. PREP 在（某处停留） If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time.
We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove...
我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。
Daddy called and asked me to drop by his office.
爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。
By is also an adverb.
I'll stop by after dinner and we'll have that talk.
饭后我会过去坐一会儿，到时我们再谈。
13. PREP 在…时候；到…之前；不迟于 If something happens by a particular time, it happens at or before that time.
By eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel...
到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。
We all knew by then that the affair was practically over.
到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。
14. PREP 在（白天或夜晚） If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night.
By day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous...
白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。
She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of London by night.
她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。
15. PREP （乘或除）以 In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.
...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multiplied by 12)...
22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12）
230cm divided by 22cm is 10.45cm.
230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。
16. PREP 乘（表示长乘宽得出的居室等的面积） You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.
Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.
3个囚犯关在一个3米长2米宽的小牢房里。
17. PREP （表示增减的幅度） If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.
Violent crime has increased by 10 percent since last year...
暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。
Their pay has been cut by one-third.
他们薪水降低了1/3。
18. PREP 以…计；按…计 Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.
Parcels arrived by the dozen from America...
包裹成打地从美国运来。
Liberty fabrics, both for furnishing and for dressmaking, are sold by the metre.
利伯蒂布按米出售，既可用作装饰又可作衣料。
19. PREP （表示事物的逐渐变化） You use by in expressions such as 'minute by minute' and 'drop by drop' to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.
His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming increasingly forgetful.
他的父亲开始一点点地失去记忆，变得越来越健忘。
20. PHRASE 独自；单独 If you are by yourself, you are alone.
...a dark-haired man sitting by himself in a corner.
一个独自坐在角落里的黑发男人
21. PHRASE 独立（完成某事） If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.
I didn't know if I could raise a child by myself.
我不知道自己是否能够独自养大一个孩子。


3.翻译 布朗先生和他的妻子预计，到2015年，他们将在北京生活，而不是在其他城市。

按理解层面上来讲其实你们都没错。因为在使用上没有很大的差别，所以有的语法学家为了简化把动名词和现在分词归为一类，就好像有的学者把表语归为主补一样。

但是如果真要细分的话之前的那些回答都没什么错误，因为你给的例句就是表示那段时间存在的那一段烟。 而这恰恰就是现在分词所具备的功能。。当然你要说是动名词做后置定语也没错，因为这是属于另一派别语言学家的概念。
我不知道你是哪个地方的学生。 就我学的语法是属于后者，当然看之前的回答他们和我属于一派。

在我们这类所学高中语法中 动名词复合结构是不用来当做后置定语来用的，这可能和你学的不一样
举个例子你就明白了
I can't imagine Sara doing the work alone.
这是动名词复合结构做复合 宾语 Sara 是这个复合宾语的逻辑主语。
在我所学的动名词只用来做前置定语。

所以大家都没什么错误，只是学了不同的语法教材而已。 就好像I am a boy. 一些语法学家说boy 是主补 而其他一些说是表语一样。

rising from behind the house是现在分词短语做后置定语,修饰smoke.

因为动名词短语相当于名词的作用,一般做主,表.宾.

而现在分词短语可作定,状语.宾补.

如: Swimming is my favourite sport . (动名词做主语)
My hobby is singing .(动名词做表语)
I like dencing .(动名词做宾语)

She watched her son playing in the park.(现在分词短语做宾补)
Lying on the grass, he looked at the stars in the sky. (现在分词短语做伴随状语)

是 “现在分词短语做后置定语”，因为它还是属于动词，表示动作正在进行。

动名词属于名词，不表示动作，也不能表示动作正在进行。可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。如：
Cleaning the house is his duty. （动名词作主语）
His duty is cleaning the house. （动名词作表语）
Playing computer games too often does harm to you. （动名词作主语）
I like reading but he hates reading. （动名词作宾语）
I saw a boy running towards me at 8:00 yesterday. （动名词作宾补）
a walking stick（动名词作定语）
a reading room（动名词作定语）
注：动名词作定语往往表示它所修饰的词的用途。我只见过动名词作前置定语的，没见过动名词作后置定语的。

祝你学习进步，更上一层楼！ (*^__^*)
不明白的再问哟！请记得采纳，多谢！

本题考查非谓语动词用现在分词作定语：单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词前面，分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后面；现在分词作定语表主动，smoke和rise之间是主动关系
to do表目的，表示为了。。。，还没有发生
done过去分词表被动
祝学习进步！如有帮助请尽快采纳 O(∩_∩)O谢谢！

现在分词短语做后置定语

原句为 ....smoke which rised from behind the house。
限制性定语从句化简为分词短语

你海南的？

这样判断好累啊。。。
直接see someboy doing something 就可以判断出来是B了啊
楼主是高中生吗？建议不要过多地纠结于这种复杂的语法现象，注重语感就好了。多记一些常用搭配很重要的，对完型和作文以及整体英语水平的提高帮助都很大。
本人英语应该还算可以，四级617分，高中的时候像是现在分词短语做后置定语什么的根本没弄清楚过。。。感觉用处不大，而且看见就头大。。。不过楼主的求学精神我很钦佩！！

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永修县15842358287： 一个很难的高中英语单选题 - --不是高手请不要回答 - ？
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永修县15842358287： 一个高中英语单选题 - -----高手帮忙 - ？
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