it和that的用法

英语里 it 和that当指代具体有什么区别？用哪个怎么判断~

一、英语里 it 和that具体指代的区别：
it／that二者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物; that
则指代同名异物。
I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for it. （该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella）
The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”）
二、其他区别：
1、 that用来指代同名异物, that为特指, 相当于the ＋名词。that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。
The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water）
2、that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 those。
Mary's handwriting is far better than that of Peter. （that代替不可数名词 handwriting）
These pictures are more beautiful than those. （those代替可数名词复数 pictures）
3、 that只能代替事物而不能代替人。
That on the table is mine.
4、 it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等, 充当形式主语或形式宾语。that无此用法。
It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.
I found it hard to get on with her.
5、 it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容。
He has saved my life; I'll never forget it. （it代替第一分句）
Tom is painting his house. I am told he does it every four years. （it代替前面分句的部分内容painting his house）
Let's say we meet here at three o'clock. That ought to give you time to buy everything. （That代替前面表述的内容）

一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物,前文中的this,that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象.
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾.
It 作形式主语的常见句型：1.代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为（1）It be adj.(for sb.) to do sth.
（2）It be adj.of sb.to do sth.
（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：
It’s no good/use doing…
It’s (well)worth doing…
It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do
2.It替代作主语的从句常见句型
（1）It is + noun +从句
（2）.It is adj.+clause
It’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……
It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…
（3）It verb sb.+ clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb.that…
（4）It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear,seem,come about,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turn out ,work out)
（5）It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know）
四、It 作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾.
It 作形式宾语的常见句型：
1.verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)
that 用法
pron.
1.那;那个,那人,那事,那东西
That's my English teacher over there.
那边是我的英文老师.
2.(已被提到的)那个,那人,那事,那东西
Who told her that?
那是谁告诉她那件事的?
3.前者
4.(用作关系代词的先行词)那,那个
What is that which you have just stuffed into the plastic cup?
你刚才塞在塑料杯里的是什么东西?
5.(代替句中名词,避免重复)
The output of steel this year has increased by 20% compared with that in 1992.
今年钢产量比一九九二年增长了百分之二十.
6.(用作关系代词,引导关系从句)

It做形式主语，代替由不定式，动名词短语或是从句所表示的真正的主语。如It’s no use talking to him about it.
It做形式宾语，代替一个由不定式，动名词，或是宾语从句，如I think it no use arguing with him.
it可以指季节,时间, 距离
如 It was mid summer.
It’s only five miles.

同时在强调句中，It + be + 要强调的部分+ that(who, whom) + 句子其他部分 .这个句型很重要，记住即可。
that有些固定的搭配 如 so that ，such that。

that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。
1. that名词性从句。
①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。
I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship.
The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.
② 引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。
That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.
（It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.）
③引导表语从句。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
④引导同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：
The news that he resigned from office surprised us.
The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus.
2. that引导状语从句
①引导目的状语从句。
Bring it nearer that I may see it better.
②引导结果状语从句。
What have I done that he should be so angry with me?
③引导原因状语从句。
I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.
④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。
Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.
⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。
Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?
On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.

that可放在句中间做连词，it不能
如：I can't believe that Jackson has died！

我不够专业，先提供这么多

it可以做从句的主语和宾语补足语
例：we found it was interesting.
=we found it interesting.
that\this都不行
that可以作为从句的开头，也可以省略
例：Do you know (that) it can remember things for three seconds?

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黄龙县15366387764： it的用法 和that的区别 - ？
江侮丽珠： 可数单数用one替,ones替代复数词. 不定冠词后加one,one前一般有定语. 替代若系本身物,it 替单 they 代复. 比较句中替代词,不可数名词that替. 最高级及序数词后,替代词常常被略去. 复数名词替代词,ones 与 those 均用之, 特指 ...

黄龙县15366387764： that与it用法区别 - ？
江侮丽珠：[答案] it和that都是指示代词,但是它们使用的条件却有很大的区别,而且这三个词都有一些固定的用法,具体说区分如下:一、在回答this 或that 做主语的疑问句时,要用it 代替this 或that.如: —Is this a book? 这是一本书吗?...

黄龙县15366387764： 请问It和that的区别用法最好有举例 - ？
江侮丽珠：[答案] it和that都是指示代词,但是它们使用的条件却有很大的区别,而且这三个词都有一些固定的用法,具体说区分如下: 一、在回答this 或that 做主语的疑问句时,要用it 代替this 或that.如: —Is this a book? 这是一本书吗? —Yes,it is. 是的,这是本书. ...

黄龙县15366387764： 代词it和that的用法 - ？
江侮丽珠：[答案] it,单数,特指,相当于“the + 单数/不可数名词”;与所指代名词属同一类,而且是同一个.This is my watch; it's a Swiss one.(《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》).Where is my book?Have you seen it?(同上)以上两句中的i...

黄龙县15366387764： It和that的用法 - ？
江侮丽珠： It做形式主语,代替由不定式,动名词短语或是从句所表示的真正的主语.如It's no use talking to him about it. It做形式宾语,代替一个由不定式,动名词,或是宾语从句,如I think it no use arguing with him. it可以指季节,时间, 距离 如 It was ...

黄龙县15366387764： 代词it和that的用法 - ？
江侮丽珠： it,单数,特指,相当于“the + 单数/不可数名词”;与所指代名词属同一类,而且是同一个.This is my watch; it's a Swiss one. (《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》).Where is my book?Have you seen it?(同上) 以上两句中的it均特指前面所...

黄龙县15366387764： it that 作代词时的区别是什么?怎么使用? - ？
江侮丽珠： 区别: 一、用法不同. it 指代上文提到的同一事物.(同类同物) The book is mine. It's very interesting. 这本书是我的,它很有趣. that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in ...

黄龙县15366387764： it 和that 都可以指代前文的某一事物,但是怎么使用它们呢 - ？
江侮丽珠：[答案] 好的,我给你例句: Mr Wang is very kind.He gives us lots of help. ==Mr.Wang gives us a lot of help,and THAT is very kind of him. that指代前面提到的Mr.Wang gives us a lot of help ==It is very kind of Mr.Wang to give us a lot of help. It(形式主语) is ...

黄龙县15366387764： that与it用法区别 - ？
江侮丽珠： it和that都是指示代词,但是它们使用的条件却有很大的区别,而且这三个词都有一些固定的用法,具体说区分如下:一、在回答this或that做主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that.如:—Isthisabook?这是一本书吗?—Yes,itis.是的,这是本书....

黄龙县15366387764： 代词it和that的用法有何不同 - ？
江侮丽珠： it, 多指上文已经提到的人或物,也可以是一句话, 并且有形式宾语, 形式主语的含义,用法比较多.that 也指上文提到过的物(名词), 但多用来在比较句之中代指上文的物.