英语中it有哪些用法？

英语中it有哪些用法？~

在中学英语中，常用 it 替代句子。现对此作一分析和归纳，供同学们学习时参考。

一 . it 充当形式主语时，可将真正的主语从句置于句末。

A. 谓语动词是被动形式时，常用 it 替代主语从句。例如：

It hasn't been decided whether the meeting will be held.

这个会议是否召开，尚未定下来。

B. 主句是疑问句或感叹句时，则必须用形式主语 it 替代主语从句。例如：

Is it necessary that she'll come？

她有必要来吗？

How strange it is that the children are so quiet！

孩子们如此安静，真奇怪！

C. it 作为形式主语，常出现在下列结构中：

1. It +be+ 形容词＋主语从句。例如：

It's possible that we'll be a little late.

我们可能会晚一点儿到。

It was most likely that one third of them lost their lives.

他们当中很可能有三分之一的人丧生。

2. It +be ＋分词＋主语从句。例如：

It's surprising that there are so many unhappy marriages.

有这么多婚姻不美满，真是令人吃惊。

It is suggested that the task （ should ） be finished in a week's time.

有人建议在一周内完成这项任务。

3. It +be+ 名词（短语）＋主语从句。例如：

It's a pity that he isn't here.

真遗憾，他没有在这里。

It's a question where we can find this material.

我们在哪儿能找到这种材料还是个问题。

4. It + 不及物动词＋主语从句。例如：

It doesn't matter when they'll be back.

他们什么时候回来无关紧要。

It happened （ so happened ） that he met his teacher in the street.

碰巧他在街上遇到了他的老师。

It seems / appears that someone is knocking at the door.

似乎有人在敲门。

二 . it 充当形式宾语时，真正的宾语要后置。

A. 在 think， make， find， believe， feel， consider， hear 等动词后面跟复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）时，要用 it 作其中的形式宾语。例如：

We think it necessary that you will help him.

我们认为你很有必要帮助他。

I felt it a surprise that they were all unfriendly to me.

我感到惊奇的是，他们对我都不友好。

注意：若此类动词后面没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语，则一般不用 it 作形式宾语。如不可说： We consider it that you will go there.

B. like， enjoy， love， hate 等表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词后面跟宾语从句时，可用 it 作形式宾语，而宾语从句要紧跟在 it 之后。例如：

I love it when you sing.

我喜欢听你唱歌。

I hate it when she speaks of me.

我讨厌她说我。

C. 由动词和介词（除 except， but 外）构成的 think of， answer for， depend on， rely on， see to 等短语动词后面，常用 it 作形式宾语，然后再接 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：

I will answer for it that he is honest.

我可以担保他是诚实的。

You may depend on it that he will come in time.

你可以相信他会及时来到。

三 . it 作形式主语时指主句所表示的内容。例如：

1. If it is possible， hold up the part of the body which is bleeding.[!--empirenews.page--]

如有可能，就把流血的身体部位抬高。

句中的 it 是指主句 hold up the part of the body which is bleeding . if 后面的 it is 常可省略。

2. I would like to see him as soon as it is possible.

我想尽快见到他。

此句中只能用形容词 possible ，而不能用副词 possibly .因为 as soon as possible 是 as soon as it is possible 的省略形式。

3. I can discuss the matter with you now， if it is necessary.

如有必要，我现在就可以和你讨论此事。

此句中的 if necessary = if it is necessary.

四 . 用 it 指代一个分句乃至整个句子。例如：

1. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder， but it didn't help.

汤姆的妈妈喋喋不休地告诉他应该努力学习，但却无济于事。

2. He is over seventy， but doesn't look like it.

他已经七十多岁了，可是看起来却不像那么大。

3. John is trying to finish writing his book this month， but he won't find it easy.

约翰想在这个月把书写完，不过他会发现这并不容易。

4. I've broken the mirror. It can't be helped.

我把镜子打破了，这是无法补救的。

5. They won the match after three hours' struggle. It wasn't easy， though.

他们经过三个小时的拼搏赢得了这场比赛。不过，这是来之不易的。

注意：代替整个句子的 it ，不能用在 know ， remember， try， tell， forget 等动词之后。例如：

1. － The meeting has been put off.

－ Yes， I know. （不说： Yes， I know it. ）

2. － Remember what he told you.

－ I'll remember. （不说： Yes， I'll remember it. ）

3. － Be sure to tell him the news.

－ I won't forget. （不说： I won't forget it. ）

It的用法（专项总结）
一、人称代词
1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.
③They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder
3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:
③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.．
二、.非人称代词
1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：
⑴.指天气：It is a lovely day, isn’t it? ⑵.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.
⑶.指日期:It is April First today. ⑷.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B.
⑸.指价值:It is three dollars. ⑹.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade.
三、其他用法
1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：
①Who is it there? It's I (me/you/he.....). ②I thought it was Mary, but it was not she.
③Her face lighted when she saw who it was.
2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况)
①It doesn’t matter. ②It is a shame, isn’t it? ③How is it going?(情况怎样)
④It says in the newspaper that......
3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思
The last train's gone. Come on, we'll foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。)
四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：　　　
1.作形式主语替代主语从句
⑴It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain....) that 从句 常译为＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂　　
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
⑵It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that 从句 常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。
①It is important that we (should) learn English well.②It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that 从句 常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 　　
①It is said that he has come to Beijing. ②It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that 从句.that　后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．） 　
①It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 　
②It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
⑸It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)
① It is time that children went to bed.
⑹It is the first ( second ... ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done )
It was …(从句用过去完成时had done )常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。
It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here
⑺It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that从句.
that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
①It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ 　
②It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
⑻It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…”
①It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．.
②It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．


2.作形式主语替代不定式　　　
. ⑴ It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有：
bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。　 如:It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
⑵It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有：
important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant
如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party.
⑶It takes sb. ... to do sth. 常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。 　　
如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.

3.作形式主语替代动名词短语
It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “┅有好处或没有用” 　　
①It is no good learning English without speaking English.
②It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.


五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。
We think it important to learn a foreign language.
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 　
He felt it important learning English well. 　
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.
CF: keep sth, in mind / keep in mind that


六、.it的重要句型
1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)
①It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
②It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

一、作人称代词，可用来代替人、物或事。
—Who is knocking at the door?—It's me
The ant is not gathering this food for itself alone. Ithas two stomachs in its body.蚂蚁不 只是为自己采食。 它的身体里有两个胃。
When service is interrupted, as it was by last night'sstorm, John has to inform the pu blic what the company isdoing about the problem.每当供电中断时，就像昨夜因暴风雨而造成的那样 ，约翰就必须通知大家，公司为解决这个问题正在做些什么。

二、作非人称代词，表示时间、天气、季节、距离、环境等。
It is tea time. Mrs Tuner goes into the kitchen.It was winter. it was ten degree below zero.
It is only half an hour walk to the tall tower.
It will be lovely in the park today.
三、作先行词。
1.作形式主语。英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点 头重脚轻，这样就借助“it”来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边去，使全句看上去平稳一些。 “it”没有实际的意义。
It is fun for her to study, but it is difficult to studyand work at the same time.对于她来 说学习是有趣的，可是要边工作边学习对她来说是困难的。
It is necessary for them to get an electrician to do thework for them.对他们来说请一位电工 来为他们做这项工作是必要的。
It will be no good learning without practice.
It is no use talking to him about it.
It is possible that they're finished the bridge.。
It is important that we should learn from each other andhelp each other.
2.作形式宾语。这种情况通常只用于能带以名词或形容词作宾语补语的动词后面。
In the 1870's, when Marx was already in his fifties, hefound it important to study the si tuation in Russia, so hebegan to learn Russian.在19世纪70年代，马克思已经五十几岁了，他觉得研 究俄国的形势很重要，便开始学习俄语。
This has made it necessary for agriculture and industryto develop very quickly.这就使得工 农业必须飞速发展。
四、构成强调句型。为了强调句子的某一成分，把引导词“it”用在句首，这种强调句的结构是“It is （was ）＋所强调的成分（主语、宾语、状语）＋that…”，表达的意思为“是…，正是…，就是…”。“it ”在这种句型中本身没什么实际意义。
My temperature! It's my back that hurts.
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes. 这里需要说明的是：如被强调的是人，则后面用who或that， 如被强调的是物或其他情况，则用that。
It was yesterday that I met Bob in your room.
It was in your room that I met Bob yesterday.
It was Bob that I met in your room yesterday.

引导词it

引导词it在句中充当形式主语，而其随后的不定式短语、动名词短语或从句则是真正的主语。例如：

It is boring to eat the same food every day. （真正的主语为不定式短语to eat the same food every day）

It is no use waiting here any longer. （真正的主语为动名词短语waiting here any longer）

It is still unknown whether they ever reached the top of the mountain. （真正的主语为从句whether they ever reached the top of the mountain。）

一、在定语从句中作关系代词 　　1.We are doing a project about countries that we want to visit.此句中，that作为关系代词引导定语从句 “that we want to visit”修饰前面的先行词 “countries”。那么“countries”就有了一个修饰限定的成分“we want to visit”，意为“我们想要参观的国家”。又如： 　　2.Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday?that作为关系代词引导定语从句“that talked to you yesterday”修饰前面的先行词 “girl”。那么“girl”就有了一个修饰限定的成分“that talked to you yesterday”，意为“昨天你和她谈话的那个女孩”。 　　通过以上两句我们可以看出that引导的定语从句要置于所修饰的先行词之后，并且that在定语从句中充当句子成分。在句1中，that作visit的宾语；在句2中，that作talk的主语。另外在句1中，that指代物，句2中that指代人。 　　二、在宾语从句中作连接词 　　1.I have to imagine that I’ve been there, and that I’m writing a letter to Mum and you.此句中我们发现that后面的这个长长的句子不能修饰限定前面的动词“imagine”，而是变成了动词“imagine”的宾语。that起到连接作用，在从句中并不充当句子成分。又如： 　　2.Tom told me that he would have a party this weekend.阅读此句，我们发现“he would have a party this weekend”这部分同“me”一样是谓语动词“told”的宾语。一个完整的句子作宾语，在复合句中称它为宾语从句，而that正是在主句和从句之间，起到一个连接作用。 　　以上两个例句中的that不同于定语从句中的that。它们在从句中不充当句子成分。如果把它们省略掉不影响句子的理解，所以在口语中经常省略。还有一个显著的不同就是看that前面的词的词性，如果是名词或代词，那么其后的that引导的是定语从句；如果是动词，那么其后的that引导的就是宾语从句。大家可以根据以上两点来加以判断。　最后让我们来看看含有that的一个特殊句式——强调句It’s…that/who…。这个句式同学们会在高中进行深入的学习，但是在初中英语三年级上册课本Module 6 Save our world 和Module 9 Cartoon stories中都出现了这个句式。下面我们就对它进行一个简单的了解——这个强调句式可以对除谓语以外的任何句子成分进行强调。需要强调哪部分就将这部分置于 “It’s”和 “that”之间。如果需要强调的是主语则将 “that”改为“who”。例如： 　　1.It’s also at home that we save energy and recycle…在家里我们也要节约能源并再利用…这个句子中所强调的是地点状语 “at home”，所以把它放在“It’s”和“that”之间。再如： 　　2.But it’s above all the jokes played by the monkey that people remember. 但是正是那些猴子做的恶作剧是人们记忆深刻的。这个句子中宾语——“那些猴子做的恶作剧”是强调的对象，所以把“the jokes played by the monkey”放在“It’s”和 “that”之间。又如： 　　3.It’s Mary who wants to see you soon.想要尽快见到你的人是玛丽(不是别人)。这个句子就是强调主语Mary，所以把它放在“It’s”和 “who”之间。通过以上三个例句我们可以看出“It’s…that/who…”就是一个句式，并无具体实在意义，如果去掉这个句式，我们也能理解句子的意思，但对所强调成分的理解程度则远远不够。

形式宾语

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才旦妻先妮： it 代词 pron. 1.(指已提及或心目中的人或事物)这,那,它 This is our new car. I bought it yesterday. 这是我们的新车.我昨天买的. 2.(指无生命物、动植物、性别不详的幼孩等)它 What a beautiful baby -- is it a boy? 多漂亮的孩子啊--它是男...

西昌市18523219688： 英语代词的用法it和one的用法有什么区别? - ？
才旦妻先妮：[答案] 一、it代替前面的事物本身.它可以代替可数名词,也可以代替不可数名词.代替可数名词时,复数形式为they/ them.没有增加语义,所以不能带有任何定语.二、 one可以代替与前面同类不同一的事物;可以代替某类事物中的任何...

西昌市18523219688： 请问it的用法it的用法中有一点是做人称代词,那么具体什么是人称代词,我不是想要知道有哪些人称代词,我都知道,我就是以前一直以为代替人的才叫人... - ？
才旦妻先妮：[答案] It指人或物,做人称代词.这个只要了解就行了,不用刨根问底的追究,It's me.It's you.It's the dog.都可以用It.英语学久了,自然而然就知道什么时候用it了.

西昌市18523219688： 英语中it和one用法 - ？
才旦妻先妮： (一) “It” 的用法 ①. 常用于感叹句中指人,表示轻蔑,假亲热或其他感情. ②. 常指小孩,特指婴儿. ③. 表示是谁做某动作或前面说的人,或说话的人对所谈及的人在心目中不清楚,或看不清楚,不了解,或只闻其声不见其人,如在打电话...

西昌市18523219688： 5年中考3年模拟英语中关于it的用法 - ？
才旦妻先妮： It 用法大全 一、指无生命、动物、植物和在性别不计或不详时指人和婴儿.There is a person knocking at the door. Who can it be?二、指心目中的人或上文中提到的人或事物,这那它 He is fifty-two, but doesn't look it.Jim is ill. Have you heard of it...