什么词没有被动语态（总结一下）

哪些词没有被动语态？~

一。常见的系动词look （看起来），sound (听起来)，taste （尝起来），smell （闻起来），feel（感到），go （变得），grow (变得)等。

二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语也没有被动语态。
1．The war broke out in 1937.（break out,爆发)
2．The story took place in a small mountain village.(发生，take place)

三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲，有时也只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。
1．We have six classes every day. (have,上课)
2．The hall can hold more than 500 people. (held,容纳)
3．The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars.(last,延续)
4．No dish suits all tastes. (suit,适合)
类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet 等。

四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法，所以前者有被动语态，而后者没有。
1．He serves in the Navy Department. (服役，不及物)
2．Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应，及物)
3．The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞，不及物)
类似的还有look into （作往里看，不及物；作调查、研究，及物） look up (作好转，不及物；作查阅，及物)等。

五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词，相互代词；或者宾语前面有和主语同一人物的物主代词；或者是同源宾语的动词，也常常不能转换为被动语态。例如：
1．The thief hid himself behind the door . (宾语为反身代词)
2．We should learn from each other. (宾语为相连代词)

六、带宾语从句的句子常常没有被动语态
1．Marx found that his English was too limited.
2．I don’t know where he lives.
但是，如果主句的谓语动词是believe ,say ,know ,report 等，且宾语从句是由that
or
whether引起的，则常可以用It is believed (say ,know ,report) that (whether)的句型。

七、有些及物动词有其习惯性用法，常用主动代替被动：
1．It is a pretty material ,but it doesn’t wash.
比较：My shirt is usually washed by myself.
2.
The new Ford is selling badly.
比较：All newspapers have been sold out.
类似的还有clean ,lock ,write ,play ,start ,cut等。

八、最后要说的是另一种情况：英语中有不少动词及动词短语常用被动形式来表示主动的含义。
1．
Be seated, please!
2．
We must be prepared for the worst.
类似的还有be determined to ,be absorbed in , be gone , be married to , be hidden , be interested in
……and
advanced mathematics ,experienced school , learned man 等中这些定语用的过去分词也是用过去分词表主动。

不及物动词没有被动语态。

例如： 不及物动词没有被动语态

1. feel类(V+ N. + adj.)
这类动词作系动词的用法时，后面常接形容词或名词，有的后面可接to be，亦可省去。这样的动词有：appear, prove, seem, turn, sound, look, feel, taste, smell, remain等。例如：
He proves (to be) honest/(to be)an honest man.
— Haven’t seen you for ages! You look fine.
— Thanks. You look well. (NMET 1994)
I love to go to the seaside in summer. It feels good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. (NMET 1996)
She looks familiar to me, but I don't remember her name. (NMET 1999)
2. read类(V +adj.)
此类动词的主动形式表被动意义，这样的动词有：sell, wash, read , rent, lock, tear, work out, act, break, carry, cook, count, cut, iron, clean, draw, keep, open, wear等。

3. surprise类(V + O)
这类动词本身含有“使…”的意思，这样的动词有：seat, engage , amuse , surprise , becalm , belittle , delight , enable , enrich , remind, remove, strengthen, lengthen, deafen, darken, harden, sadden, worsen, whiten, simplify, solidify等。例如：
The kind of medicine has becalmed the patient.
Your visit last week delighted him.

4. have类动词
英语中一些表存在、状态、构成、所有、心理等动词一般不用进行时，这样的动词有：appear(看来)，hold(保持)，lie(位于)，remain(保持)，seem(似乎)，stand(坐落)，belong to(属于)，consist of(组成)，contain(包含)，depend on(依靠)，have(有)，resemble(像)，feel(感到)，hear(听到)，see(看到)，smell(闻到)，taste(尝到)，understand(懂得)，remember(记得)，know(知道)等。例如：
I believe that he believes in me.

5. belong类
英语中有些动词常没有被动语态，如：have, fit. lack, resemble, suit, hold, cost, suffer, last, become, stand, belong, depend on等。
例如：
The room can hold 100 people.
Great changes have taken place in this town in the past 10 years.

6. afford类( V+ to do sth. )
这类动词常接不定式作宾语，主要有：afford, agree, aim, arrange , ask , attempt , beg , bother , care , choose , claim , dare , decide , demand, desire, determine, expect, help, hesitate, hope, promise, refuse, swear, tend, trouble, want, wish等。
例如：
He promised to buy me a bike for my birthday.

7. decide类(V+ wh- + to do sth.)
此类动词常可接疑问词加不定式作宾语，主要有：ask, consider, decide, discover, discuss, explain, forget, guess, hesitate, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, think, understand, wonder, find out, make out, think out等。例如：
I've worked with children before, so I know what to except in my new job. (NMET2000)

8. enjoy类(V + doing)
此类动词常接-ing分词作宾语，这样的动词有：admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, defend, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can' t help, imagine, involve, keep, mind, miss, pardon, practice, prevent, resist, risk, suffer, suggest, give up, put off, set about, be worth, be used to, look forward to, pay attention to, devote oneself to, be devoted to, feel like, burst out等。
例如：
You must practise playing the piano every day.
I don’t mind closing the door.
He is used to getting up early.

9. try类(V + to do sth.／doing)
此类动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，有时意思区别不大，有时则大不相同，具体说来，在like, love, bear, intend, plan, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue后接不定式和动名词区别不大；而在try, remember, forget, mean, stop, can't help, go on等后面则大不一样，具体如下：
try to do sth. (努力去做…)
try doing sth. (试着去做…)
remember to do sth. (记得要做…)
remember doing sth. (记得做过…)
forget to do sth. (忘记要做某事…)
forget doing sth. (忘记做过某事…)
mean to do sth (打算做某事…)
mean doing sth. (意味着…)
can’t help to do sth. (不能帮助做某事)
can’t help doing sth. (禁不住做某事)
stop to do sth. (停止某事做另一件事)
stop doing sth. (停止做某事)
go on to do sth. (接下来做另一件事)
go on doing sth. (继续做同一件事)
例如：
I like playing football, but I don't like to play football this afternoon.
She can’t help to do housework for you.
She can’t help crying.
Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. (NMET1994)
Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. (NMET 1994)
I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (NMET 1997)
Why haven't you bought any butter?
I meant to but I forgot about it. (NMET 2001)
Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? (NMET 2001)
10. need类(V + V-ing／to be done)
这类动词既可接主动形式的分词又可接被动形式的不定式作宾语，这样的动词有：need, require, want, bear, stand, forbid , deserve等。例如：
The old man needs looking after/to be looked after.
He deserves punishing /to be punished.
The work is worth doing/ worthy to be done.
11. allow类( V + O + (to do sth. )

此类动词常接带协的不定式作宾补，这样的动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, charge, command, drive, enable, encourage , expect , forbid , forgive , get , hate , help , invite , inspire , lead , like , love , mean , need , order ,prefer , require , request , suffer , suppose , teach , tell , train , want , warn , wish等。例如：
Jack advised me to try it again.

系动词和不及物动词没有被动语态。系动词亦称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

系动词、发生 等等

belong ,come out等

不及物动词

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