as引导表语从句的困惑。as 在从句为什么有时充当句子成分有时没有?
从意思上就可以区分开了.
as if是好像的意思.
as是正如
that引导表语从句时不充当句子成分,只是起到连接的作用.不用翻译.
what和that引导的表语从句的区别为:在句中成分不同、使用范围不同、用法不同。
一、在句中成分不同
1、what:在引导名词性从句的用法区别引导主语、宾语或表语从句时,what在从句中要充当句子成分。
2、that:that引导主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句时,不作任何成分,只起语法连接作用。
二、使用范围不同
1、what:要记住在定语从句中,跟本不用what连接词。
2、that:只有that和which才能引导定语从句。That 在定语从句中,一般可以作从句的主语。宾语和表语。
三、用法不同
1、what:what引导宾语从句时,常置于谓语之后,用作表语时,放在系动词之后。what还可引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管…”。还可接动词不定式短语。what有时候可解释为whatever,表示“不管怎么样”。
2、that:that用作关系代词时,指人或事物,同时又在从句中充当句子成分。that偶尔也可引导非限制性定语从句。that用作连词时可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
as 是一个多词性多词义的词汇,你所列出的例句中的 as 是代词,用来指代前述的或要提到一个事实,意思是 “上述的这一点” 或 “正如后面要提到的这一点”。语法上把它归类为关系代词。与其他关系代词不同的是,as 指代的是一个句子或一个短语,而不是一个先行词;as 引导的从句不仅可以作非限制性定语从句,还可以用作表语从句。你所列举的句子多数是后一类。
用作非限制性定语从句
The full text reads as follows.
—as指代the fulltext.
As is well known,we love peace and hate invasion. 众所周知, 我们热爱和平,憎恨侵略.
—as指代we lovepeace and hate invasion
用作表语从句
Things are not always as they seem to be
—as指代things arenot always (like that),因此可改写为things are not always like that which they seem to be
Every idea we have is as it were copied from what we sense orexperience.(as it were 表示虚拟语气)
—as 指代Every ideawe have,可以改写为Everyidea we have is like that which we have were copied from what we sense orexperience
I am as I was
—as 指代I am like that,可改写为 I am like that which I was.
Perhaps that is as it should be for a film set in Iraq.
—as指代that is,可改写为Perhaps that is like that which should be for a film set in Iraq.
That's just as it should be.理当如此
—as 指代 That'sjustlike that which should be
事实上,“as it + 系动词”已经是一种习惯用法,因此上面的改写都是多余的。
as it is 照现在的样子
as it was 一如既往
as it seem to be 正如看起来的样子、
as it should be 正如本来的那样
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