求民谣的英文介绍

求一篇介绍中国民谣的英语演讲稿 在线等!~

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A popular, rich in folk songs, called folk or folk songs.
The ballad of the long history, the author unknown. Rich in content and folk, religion, love, war, work, drinking, dancing and musicians, and of the festival and so on.
Is the performance of folk affection and custom of a nation, so each has its unique and exotic style.
As French folk song of the vigorous, the enthusiasm of Italian folk music, British folk simplicity, Japanese folk song of grief and indignation, Spain folk rhyme uninhibited, Chinese folk songs full of pathos, the strong national qualities and color.
民间流行的、富于民族色彩的歌曲，称为民谣或民歌。
　　民谣的历史悠远，故其作者多不知名。民谣的内容丰富，有宗教的、爱情的、战争的、工作的，也有饮酒、舞蹈作乐、祭典等等。
　　民谣是表现一个民族的感情与习尚，因此各有其独特的音阶与情调风格。
　　如法国民谣的蓬勃、意大利民谣的热情、英国民谣的淳朴、日本民谣的悲愤、西班牙民谣的狂放不羁、中国民谣的缠绵悱恻，都表现了强烈的民族气质与色彩。

Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. It has roots in traditional folk music, Celtic music, blues, gospel music, hokum, and old-time music and evolved rapidly in the 1920s.[1] The term country music began to be used in the 1940s when the earlier term hillbilly music was deemed to be degrading, and the term was widely embraced in the 1970s, while country and western has declined in use since that time, except in the United Kingdom, where it is still commonly used.[1]

In the Southwestern United States a different mix of ethnic groups created the music that became the Western music of the term country and western.

Country music has produced two of the top selling solo artists of all time. Elvis Presley, who was known early on as “The Hillbilly Cat” and was a regular on the radio program Louisiana Hayride[2], went on to become a defining figure in the emerging genre of rock 'n roll. Garth Brooks is one of the top-selling country artists of all time, and except for a short foray into non-country in the late 1990s, has remained in that genre.

While album sales of most musical genres have declined, country music experienced one of its best years in 2006, when, during the first six months of the year, U.S. sales of country albums increased by 17.7 percent to 36 million. Moreover, country music listening nationwide has remained steady for almost a decade, reaching 77.3 million adults every week according to the radio-ratings agency Arbitron Inc. [3][4]

The term "country music" is used to describe many styles, genres, or subgenres.

__________

Early history
Immigrants to the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North America brought the music and instruments of the Old World along with them for nearly 300 years. The Irish fiddle, the German derived dulcimer, the Italian mandolin, the Spanish guitar, and the African banjo[5] were the most common musical instruments. The interactions among musicians from different ethnic groups produced music unique to this region of North America. Appalachian string bands of the early twentieth century primarliy consisted of the fiddle, guitar, and banjo.[6] This early country music along with early recorded country music is often referred to as Old-time music.

Throughout the nineteenth century, several immigrant groups from Europe, most notably from Ireland, The United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, and Italy moved to Texas. These groups interacted with the Spanish, Mexican, Native American, and U.S. communities that were already established in Texas. As a result of this cohabitation and extended contact, Texas has developed unique cultural traits that are rooted in the culture of all of its founding communities. The settlers from the areas now known as Germany and the Czech Republic established large dance halls in Texas where farmers and townspeople from neighboring communities could gather, dance, and spend a night enjoying each other’s company. The music at these halls, brought from Europe, included the waltz and the polka, played on an accordion, an instrument invented in Italy, which was loud enough to fill the entire dance hall.[7]

[edit] Early recorded history
Columbia Records began issuing records with "hillbilly" music (series 15000D "Old Familiar Tunes") as early as 1924.[8] A year earlier on June 14, 1923 Fiddlin' John Carson recorded "Little Log Cabin in the Lane" for Okeh Records.[9] Vernon Dalhart was the first country singer to have a nationwide hit in May of 1924 with "Wreck of the Old '97".[10][11] The flip side of this record was "Lonesome Road Blues", which also became very popular.[12] Other important early recording artists were Riley Puckett, Don Richardson, Fiddlin' John Carson, Al Hopkins, Charlie Poole and the North Carolina Ramblers and The Skillet Lickers.[13] The steel guitar entered country music as early as 1922, when Jimmie Tarlton met famed Hawaiian guitarist Frank Ferera on the West Coast.[14]

The origins of modern country music can be traced to two seminal influences and a remarkable coincidence. Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter Family are widely considered to be the founders of country music, and their songs were first captured at a historic recording session in Bristol, Tennessee/Bristol, Virginia on August 1, 1927, where Ralph Peer was the talent scout and sound recordist.[15]

Rodgers fused hillbilly country, gospel, jazz, blues, pop, cowboy, and folk; and many of his best songs were his compositions, including “Blue Yodel” (Victor 21142 [3]), which sold over a million records and established Rodgers as the premier singer of early country music. [4] [16]

Beginning in 1927, and for the next 17 years the Carters recorded some 300 old-time ballads, traditional tunes, country songs, and Gospel hymns, all representative of America's southeastern folklore and heritage. [5]

One effect of the Great Depression was to reduce the number of records that could be sold. Radio, and broadcasting, became a popular source of entertainment, and "barn dance" shows featuring country music were started all over the South, as far north as Chicago, and as far west as California. One of the most important of these shows was the Grand Ole Opry from 650 WSM in Nashville, TN. Some of the early stars on the Opry were Uncle Dave Macon, Roy Acuff, and African American harmonica player DeFord Bailey. WSM's 50,000 watt signal (1934) could often be heard across the country.[6]

[edit] Singing Cowboys, Western Swing, and Hillbilly Boogie
During the 1930s and 1940s Cowboy songs, or "Western music", which had been recorded since the 1920s, were popularized by films made in Hollywood. Some of the popular singing cowboys from the era were, Gene Autry, the Sons of the Pioneers, and Roy Rogers. [7]

Another "country" musician from the Lower Great Plains who had become very popular as the leader of a “hot string band”, and who also appeared in Hollywood Westerns was Bob Wills. His mix of "country" and jazz, which started out as dance hall music, would become known as Western Swing. Spade Cooley and Tex Williams also had very popular bands and appeared in films. At the height of its popularity, Western Swing rivaled the popularity of other big band jazz.

Country musicians began recording boogie in 1939, shortly after it had been played at Carnegie Hall, when Johnny Barfield recorded "Boogie Woogie". The trickle of what was initially called Hillbilly Boogie, or Okie Boogie (later to be renamed Country Boogie), became a flood beginning around late 1945. One notable country boogie from this period was the Delmore Brothers' "Freight Train Boogie", considered to be part of the combined evolution of country music and blues towards rockabilly. In 1948 Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith achieved Top 10 US country chart success with his MGM Records recordings of "Guitar Boogie" and "Banjo Boogie", with the former crossing over to the US pop charts. [8] Other country boogie artists include Merrill Moore, and Tennessee Ernie Ford. The Hillbilly Boogie period lasted into the 1950s, and remains as one of many subgenres of country into the twenty first century.

By the end of World War II "mountaineer" string band music known as Bluegrass had emerged when Bill Monroe joined with Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs, led by Roy Acuff at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee. Gospel music, too, remained a popular component of country music.

Another type of sripped down and raw music with a variety of moods and a basic ensemble of guitar, bass, dobro or steel guitar and sometimes drums became popular, especially among poverty striken white southerners. It became known as Honky Tonk and had its roots in Texas. East Texan Al Dexter had a hit with "Honky Tonk Blues", and seven years later "Pistol Packin' Mama". [17] These "honky tonk" songs associated barrooms, were performed by the likes of Ernest Tubb, Ted Daffin, Floyd Tillman, and the Maddox Brothers and Rose, and Hank Williams, would later be called "traditional" country.

In this post WWII period "country" music was called "folk" in the trades, and "hillbilly" within the industry. [18]

Many musicians performed and recorded songs in any number of styles. Moon Mullican played Western Swing, but also recorded songs that can be called rockabilly. Bill Haley sang cowboy songs, and was at one time a cowboy yodeler. Haley became most famous as an early player of rock n roll. Lefty Frizzell played in honky tonks Jimmie Rodgers-stylings to his environment, thus creating a sound that was very much his own.

[edit] The 1950s and 1960s
By the late 1940s, Nashville began to slowly integrate the popular big band jazz and swing sounds of top 40 radio with the honky tonk storytelling of country pioneers. Between 1947 and 1949, country crooner Eddy Arnold placed a total of 8 songs in the top 10.[19][20]

[edit] The countrypolitan sound of Nashville
Beginning in the mid 50's, and reaching its peak during the early 1960s, the "Nashville Sound" turned country music into a multimillion-dollar industry centered on Nashville, Tennessee. Under the direction of producers such as Chet Atkins, Owen Bradley, and later Billy Sherrill, the "Nashville sound" brought country music to a diverse audience and helped revive country as it emerged from a commercially fallow period.[21] This sound was notable for borrowing from 1950s pop stylings: a prominent and "smooth" vocal, backed by a string section and vocal chorus. Instrumental soloing was de-emphasized in favor of trademark "licks". Leading artists in this genre included Patsy Cline, Jim Reeves, and later Tammy Wynette and Charlie Rich. The "slip note" piano style of session musician Floyd Cramer was an important component of this style. Peter Dempsey was also active during this period.

[edit] Rockabilly
1956 could be called the year of rockabilly in country music. The number 2, 3, and 4 songs on Billboard's charts for that year are: Elvis Presley "Heartbreak Hotel", Johnny Cash "I Walk the Line", and Carl Perkins "Blue Suede Shoes".[22] Cash and Presley would place songs in the top 5 in 1958 with #3 "Guess Things Happen That Way/Come In, Stranger" by Cash, and #5 by Presley "Don't/I Beg Of You".[23]

What is now most commonly referred to as rockabilly was most popular with country music fans in the 1950s, and was recorded and performed by country musicians. Within a few years many rockabilly musicians returned to a more mainstrean style, or had defined their own unique style.

By the end of the decade, backlash as well as traditional artists such as Ray Price, Marty Robbins, and Johnny Horton began to shift the industry away from the Rock n' Roll influences of the mid-50's.

[edit] Bakersfield Sound
Located 112 miles (180 km) north north west of Los Angeles, Bakersfield, California gave rise to one of the next genres of country music. This sound grew out of hardcore honky tonk with elements of Western swing, and was influenced by one time West Coast residents Bob Wills and Lefty Frizzell. By 1966 it was known as the Bakersfield Sound. The Bakersfield Sound relied on electric instruments and amplification, in particular the Telecaster electric guitar, more than other subgenres of country of the era, and can be described as having a sharp, hard, driving, no-frills, edgy flavor. Leading practitioners of this style were Buck Owens, Merle Haggard, Tommy Collins, and Wynn Stewart, each of whom had his own style.[9] [10]

[edit] Changing instrumentation in the mid twentieth century

[edit] Drums
Drums were scorned by early country musicians as being "too loud" and "not pure", but by 1935 Western Swing big band leader Bob Wills had added drums to the Texas Playboys. In the mid 1940s, The Grand Ole Opry did not want the Playboys’ drummer to appear on stage. Although drums were commonly used by rockabilly groups by 1955, the less-conservative-than-the-Grand Ole Opry Louisiana Hayride kept their infrequently-used drummer back stage as late as 1956. By the early 1960s, however, it was rare that a country band didn't have a drummer. [11]

[edit] Electric guitar
Bob Wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band, in 1938. [12]. A decade later (1948) Arthur Smith achieved Top 10 US country chart success with his MGM Records recording of "Guitar Boogie", which crossed over to the US pop chart, introducing many people to the potential of the electric guitar. For several decades Nashville session players preferred the warm tones of the Gibson and Gretsch archtop electrics, but a “hot” Fender style, utilizing guitars which became available beginning in the early 1950s, eventually prevailed as the signature guitar sound of country. [13][14]

[edit] Not Nashville
In 1962 Ray Charles surprised the pop world by turning his attention to country & western music, topping the charts and rating # 3 for the year on BillBoard’s pop chart[24] with the "I Can't Stop Loving You" single, and recording the hugely popular album Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music.

[edit] Outlaw Country
Derived from the traditional and Honky tonk sounds of the late 50's and 60's, including Ray Price (whose band, the "Cherokee Cowboys", included Willie Nelson and Roger Miller) and mixed with the anger of an alienated subculture of the nation during the period, outlaw country revolutionized the genre of Country music.

"After I left Nashville (the early 70s), I wanted to relax and play the music that I wanted to play, and just stay around Texas, maybe Oklahoma. Waylon and I had that outlaw image going, and when it caught on at colleges and we started selling records, we were O.K. The whole outlaw thing, it had nothing to do with the music, it was something that got written in an article, and the young people said, 'Well, that's pretty cool.' And started listening." (Willie Nelson)[25]

The term "Outlaw Country" is traditionally associated with Willie Nelson, Waylon Jennings, and Billy Joe Shaver, and was encapsulated in the 1976 record Wanted! The Outlaws.

[edit] Country Rock
The late 1960s in American music produced a unique blend as a result of traditionalist backlash within separate genres. In the aftermath of the British Invasion, many desired a return to the "old values" of Rock n' Roll. At the same time there was a lack of enthusiasm in the Country sector for Nashville-produced music. What resulted was a crossbred genre known as Country Rock.

Early innovators in this new style of music included Rock n' Roll icon band The Byrds (while Gram Parsons was the front man) and its spin-off The Flying Burrito Brothers, Commander Cody, and The Eagles.

Subsequent to the initial blending of the two polar opposite genres, other offspring soon resulted, including Southern Rock and Heartland Rock.

In the decades that followed, artists such as Alabama and Linda Ronstadt moved Country farther towards rock influence.

[edit] Country-Pop
Country Pop or soft pop, with roots in both the countrypolitan sound and in soft rock, is a subgenre of country music that first emerged in the 1970s. Although the term first referred to country music songs and artists that crossed over to top 40 radio, country pop acts are now more likely to cross over to adult contemporary.

Country pop found its first widespread acceptance during the 1970s. It started with Pop music singers, like Glen Campbell, John Denver, Olivia Newton-John, and Anne Murray having hits on the Country charts. Campbell's "Rhinestone Cowboy" was among one of the biggest crossover hits in Country music history. These Pop-oriented singers thought that they could gain higher record sales and a larger audience if they crossed over into the Country world.

In 1974 Olivia Newton-John, an Australian pop singer, won the "Best Female Country Vocal Performance" as well as the Country Music Association's most coveted award for females, "Female Vocalist of the Year". In the same year, a group of artists, troubled by this trend, formed the short-lived Association of Country Entertainers. The debate raged into 1975, and reached its apex at that year's Country Music Association Awards when reigning Entertainer of the Year, Charlie Rich (who himself had a series of crossover hits), presented the award to his successor, John Denver. As he read Denver's name, Rich set fire to the envelope with a cigarette lighter. The action was taken as a protest against the increasing pop style in country music.

In 1980 country music was popularized by the film Urban Cowboy starring John Travolta and spurred on by Dolly Parton's movie 9 to 5. Among other songs "Urban Cowboy" featured "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" by the Charlie Daniels Band.

Willie Nelson had three songs in the Billboard top 5 in the early eighties: Always On My Mind (1982), To All The Girls I've Loved Before with Julio Iglesias; (1984) both at #1, and Highwayman with Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Johnny Cash, and Kris Kristofferson at #5 in 1985. The #1 hit in 1953 was Shelly West’s barn burning Jose Cuervo.[15]

[edit] Other developments
In the mid 1990s country western music was influenced by the popularity of line dancing. This influence was so great that Chet Atkins was quoted as saying "The music has gotten pretty bad, I think. It's all that damn line dancing."[26] By the end of the decade, however, at least one line dance choreographer complained that good country line dance music was no longer being released.

One infrequent, but consistent theme in country music is that of proud, stubborn independence. "Country Boy Can Survive"[27] and "Copperhead Road"[28] are two of the more serious songs along those lines; while "Some Girls Do"[29] and "Redneck Woman"[30] are more light-hearted variations on the theme.

There are at least four U.S. cable networks at least partly devoted to the genre: CMT (owned by Viacom), CMT Pure Country (also owned by Viacom), Rural Free Delivery TV (owned by Rural Media Group) and GAC (owned by The E. W. Scripps Company). The original American country music video cable channel was TNN (The Nashville Network). The channel was launched in the early 1980s. In 2000, the channel was renamed and reformatted to TNN (The National Network), which was a general-interest network to compete with USA Network, TNT, and Superstations, such as TBS and WGN. Subsequently, The National Network became Spike TV, the first network for men.

Civil popular, rich colors of the national songs, ballads or folk songs called. Youyuan the history of folk songs, the more its author unknown. The rich folk, religion, love, war, work, but also to drink, dance fun, festivals and so on. Performance of folk songs is not only a nation's feelings and still learning, so have their own unique scale and exotic style. French folk songs such as the booming, the enthusiasm of the Italian folk songs, ballads of the British honest, the Japanese folk songs of grief and indignation, the Kuangfangbuji Spanish folk songs, Chinese folk songs of Chanmianfeice, have shown a strong national character and color.

Modern composers, useful folk songs as the theme to create all kinds of music, such as Dvorak (antonin dvorák) "from the New World" Symphony, Tchaikovsky (peter llyitch tchaikovsky)'s "Symphony No.4 "Dan section (vincentd'indy)" Folk Song Symphony "; Harris (roy harris) of" folk symphony "; Bulu He (mar bruch)'s" Concerto Scottish folk song ";威廉士沃恩( williams vaughan) "the English Folk Song Suite"; Dubinsky (arcadydubensky) "Stephen Foster Suite" and Liadov (anatol constantinovitch liadov) of the "eighth orchestral folk song", were wonderful parade of Music, generally welcomed by the people of the world.

(A) England folk: Britain's folk music until the late 19th century before Easter. At that time, a Mingjiaosaixi Erxia Pu (cecil sharp), a collection of nearly 3,000 the number of folk songs, of which more than 1,600 first, spread to North America Ebalaqi Mountains area. Strange to say, the real British traditional music in the United States kept by the local community more than the United Kingdom. The so-called British traditional music, its main characteristics is a native to music, and with pop music to tell stories of folk songs.

(B) of the French folk songs: the French folk songs, are usually full of emotion and secular Fangdangbuji of humor. From their folk songs, not only can understand the habits of the French people, as they also tasted the wine dishes, as if they also see the light Miaowu.

(C) of the German folk songs: pop music and endemic melody, the German folk music by the great impact, and pop music and endemic outdoor life and they are part of the activities of groups.

(D) of the Netherlands folk song: Germany's national music, not only in Germany in the spread, in fact, also prevalent in the North Sea near the several countries. The Netherlands is one of them, mainly because Germany and the north country, their language and customs are more similar to Germany, German folk music is very natural that they be accepted.

(E) of the Irish folk song: Since the Middle Ages, the harp has become Ireland's most popular musical instruments. 12 century, the court poet of the songs, but also more oriented to harp; Unfortunately, those Gepu already lost, leaving only part of the lyrics. To the 17th century, that is, when the British rule in Ireland, the court poet gradually decline, and harp soloist, is still active in the corner. Another instrument called pipers, also very popular in Ireland, perhaps because Qi Rinaldi (celti) especially like to hear that voice high and sharp!

(6) Italian folk songs: Italian folk music, the melodies are beautiful and warm with Harmony because the music moving, Jinyi throughout the world. Liu Xianqin and accordion accompaniment of this song is the main instrument, which also can be said that the characteristics of Italian folk songs.

(7) Norwegian folk songs: It is well-known Norwegian folk songs, has been forgotten for a long period, until about 1840, were not seriously while people recover from the current famous was the first of about a million, most of its contents described The beautiful Huguangshanse.

(8) Scottish folk songs: As the printing of not yet universal, and the harp family have died, resulting in the early Scotland Gao Shanzu Gunai (gales) music has been mostly lost, who was only until 1781 to begin collecting. Scottish wild music, sounds Poxiang Irish music, this is because Scotland earlier harp from home most of the reason Ireland. In Scotland, harp is a very common instrument, almost every family has, everyone can bomb, but later due to the rise of pipers due to the harp family status greatly affected. Because pipers in outdoor play, and harp only suitable for indoor play. Scottish folk songs and a high plains of points, compared magnificent Highland folk songs, ballads are inclined to soft ground beautiful.

(9) Spanish folk songs: Spain's folk music, most of that part of the Dance, Dance tend to be a part of folk songs. In addition, all of the Spanish folk songs, all with strong rural atmosphere, which is the Spanish folk songs of a unique style.

(10) Sweden folk songs: Swedish folk songs, said people in 1631 were not collected, which describes the ancient story of the heroic soldiers, magnificent melody, passionate, work.

(11) Prince of folk songs: the Prince of traditional music, the tunes are based on harp and composition, including folk songs, folk dance, carols, hymns, and more to the accompaniment of harp music.

昏倒。。这么多``

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乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 用英文简述民谣特点 - ？
仪念康妇： A popular, rich in folk songs, called folk or folk songs. The ballad of the long history, the author unknown. Rich in content and folk, religion, love, war, work, drinking, dancing and musicians, and of the festival and so on. Is the performance of folk ...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 介绍俄罗斯民谣英语作文 - ？
仪念康妇： First of all, to study history is to look at a road map of human behavior that has led us to where we are today in the world. For example, the lessons learned during all of the past wars can make for more effective wartime leadership by avoiding ...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 求介绍好听的民谣.国语英语都行. - ？
仪念康妇： 展开全部500 miles 演唱:the Innocence Mission If you miss the train I'm on(如果你错过了我坐的那班火车) You will know that I am gone(你应明白我已离开) You can hear the whistle blow a hundred miles(你可以听见一百里外飘来的汽笛声)...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 请介绍一些好听的英文歌~最好是清新民谣类的 - ？
仪念康妇： Cara Dillion爱尔兰的,The Lark in the Clear Air,There were roses等等 valder fields_____Tomas wells Suicide is painless lady&Bird. Azura的Safe and Sound 30minutes非常好听,天籁 Light From A dead Star__________Lush 低调的经典 You Are...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： “校园民谣”这个词用英语怎么表达 - ？
仪念康妇： Campus lieder 校园民谣

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 〓介绍几首好听的民歌,英文的. - ？
仪念康妇： love story爱情故事 that is why you go away 月亮河 诺言来之不易

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 跪求一个对美国乡村音乐的英语简介 - ？
仪念康妇： Country music is a popular music with American national characteristics. (乡村音乐是一种具有美国民族特色的流行音乐.) Originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. (于20世纪20年代兴起于美国南部.) Its roots come from the ...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 急用~用英文介绍hardcore,Reggea,朋克,哥特,美国乡村民谣分别的穿衣风格特点.以及hardcore的英文介绍 - ？
仪念康妇： ...你这长得问题就给个15分..那我也只给你15分的介绍..Punk, started at the early 70s from England. They wear dirty t-shirt and skinny jeans, and never take shower... Gothic is pretty much what we call Emo today, mainly wears black and they...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 英语翻译在西方世界流传的一首民谣对此作形象的说明.这首民谣说:丢失一个钉子,坏了一只蹄铁; 坏了一只蹄铁,折了一匹战马; 折了一匹战马,伤了一... - ？
仪念康妇：[答案] In the western world of this image of folk song.This song folk said:Missing a nail,broke a iron,Bad a iron,the horse,Fold the horse,hurt a knight,Hurt a knight,lost a battle,Lost a battle,wu an empire...

乐东黎族自治县18442144676： 要上课,上去用英语介绍PPT,内容是关于摇滚民谣音乐.具体说的内容, - ？
仪念康妇： 首先你得介绍摇滚民谣的历史起源于哪里,然后再说流行兴盛于哪个时期哪个国家,再说现在的发展状况怎么样,最后表达你对未来摇滚名窑音乐的期望和看法