介绍美国,中英文版?

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美国内战中英文对照简介~

The American Civil War (1861–1865), also known as the War Between the States and several other names, was a civil war in the United States of America. Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the U.S. and formed the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). Led by Jefferson Davis, they fought against the U.S. federal government (the "Union"), which was supported by all the free states and the five border slave states.

In the presidential election of 1860, the Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed. The Republican victory in that election resulted in seven Southern states declaring their secession from the Union even before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. Both the outgoing and incoming U.S. administrations rejected secession, regarding it as rebellion.

Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a U.S. military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a volunteer army from each state, leading to declarations of secession by four more Southern slave states. Both sides raised armies as the Union assumed control of the border states early in the war and established a naval blockade. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery in the South a war goal, and dissuaded the British from intervening. Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won battles in the east, but in 1863 his northward advance was turned back at Gettysburg and, in the west, the Union gained control of the Mississippi River at the Battle of Vicksburg, thereby splitting the Confederacy. Long-term Union advantages in men and material were realized in 1864 when Ulysses S. Grant fought battles of attrition against Lee as Union general William Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia and marched to the sea. Confederate resistance collapsed after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.

The American Civil War was the deadliest war in American history, causing 620,000 soldier deaths, and an undetermined number of civilian casualties, ending slavery in the United States, restoring the Union, and strengthening the role of the federal government. The social, political, economic and racial issues of the war decisively shaped the reconstruction era that lasted to 1877, and continue into the 21st century.

中文的看参考资料吧。。。

1、自由女神像--Statue of Liberty
自由女神像自从自由女神像于1886年屹立于纽约湾起,它一直是对新到达的移民美国梦的许诺。是法国在1876年赠送给美国独立100周年的礼物。
自由女神像重45万磅,高46米,底座高45米,其全称为“自由女神铜像国家纪念碑”,正式名称是“照耀世界的自由女神”。
2、芭比娃娃--Barbie doll
百利天下留学专家了解到创作芭比的灵感来源于美国一家代购玩具公司合作创始人handler夫妇的女儿芭芭拉,他们在一个德国的成人用性感洋娃娃的基础上于1959年推出了一个体面地道的美国娃娃芭比。具有讽刺意义的是,handler夫妇的女儿喜爱芭比,但他们的儿子ken却讨厌它。
3、《美国哥特式》--《American Gothic Style》
《美国哥特式》也许不那么出名,但画像中老屋上的哥特式窗户,尤其是那个农夫庄重的表情,还有那个长脖子的妻子使画家于1930年一夜成名。该幅画表现了美国农民庄重的自豪感。

4、野牛镍币--Buffalo Nickel
野牛镍币(Buffalo Nickel)与美国哥特式,自由女神像,芭比娃娃和山姆大叔被称为美国文化的五大象征。1911年,由美国著名艺术家詹姆斯厄尔弗雷泽开始设计,1913-1938年间成产的一种硬币。
也是艺术家对美国西部开发的牺牲品野牛和印第安人的纪念。镍币上的野牛和印第安人都以真实的原型进行创作。
5、山姆大叔--Uncle Sam
“山姆大叔”这一绰号产生于1812年美英战争时期(美国独立战争时期)。纽约州的洛伊城有一位肉类包装商,名叫塞缪尔.威尔逊。他诚实能干,富于创业精神,在当地很有威信,人们亲切地叫他“山姆大叔”。
战争期间,他担任纽约州和新泽西州的军需检验员,负责在供应军队的牛肉桶和酒桶上打戳。
美国人还把“山姆大叔”诚实可靠、吃苦耐劳以及爱国主义的精神视为自己民族的骄傲和共有的品质。从此这个绰号便不胫而走。第一次世界大战中曾出现过“山姆大叔”号召美国青年当兵的宣传画,流传很广。1961年,美国国会正式承认“山姆大叔”为美国的民族象征。


参考资料来源:百度百科-自由女神像
参考资料来源:百度百科-芭比娃娃
参考资料来源:百度百科-美国式哥特
参考资料来源:百度百科-野牛镍币
参考资料来源:百度百科-山姆大叔

美利坚合众国(The United States of America),简称美国,是由华盛顿哥伦比亚特区、50个州和关岛等众多海外领土组成的联邦共和立宪制国家。
The United States of America, or the United States for short, is a federal republic of many overseas territories, including Washington, D.C.,50 states and Guam.
希望能够帮到您。

American culture
The main content of American culture is the emphasize on individuals' value, the pursue of democracy and freedom, the promotion of deploitation(开拓, 经营) and competition and the need of realistic and practicality. Its core is individualism: self first, personal need first, pursue of individual benefit and enjoyment, emphasize on achieving individual value by self-strive and self-design. This type of intentionally build up of personality and pursue customized individualism has its pros and cons, it gives incentives to people and make them exert on their potential and wisdom and as a result accelerate the development of the entire race and nation; on the other hand it is difficult to keep good relationship among people if everyone is egocentric thus make the entire society lack of unity.
American citizens emphasize on achievements and respect heroes. They have great sense in their hearts to praise success and heroes. Personal achievements are one of those with the highest value in Americans mind. Americans have very strong senses of success. Success is the pursuit of most Americans, it is their attractive future and the incentives for moving forward. They believe that one's personal value is equivalent to his achievements in his career. Some high achievers in their career such as entrepreneurs, scientists, artists and all kinds of super starts became modern heroes. The process and result of how they strived have become the frame of reference of social culture value and the real life text book for parents to educate their children.
American society has great movements within itself. These movements are shown in two aspects: movements amongst locations and movements inside the society. The United States are relatively more open and have more freedom. Developed transport and the tradition of adventure and sporty makes a lot of American migrate from countryside to cities, from downtown to uptown; and from north to the southern sunny land, from one city to another. Unlike European countries, the social classes in America is not so stable. Further more, with the advocation of public education, movements upwards along the social ladder have become possible. Many people living in the states, no matter whether they are Native American or immigrants from overseas, have the same dream of changing their social class and make their lifetime dream come true through their own efforts. This is what they often called "American dream".
美国文化的主要内容是强调个人价值,追求民主自由,崇尚开拓和竞争,讲求理性和实用,其核心是个人中心主义:个人至上、私欲至上、追求个人利益和个人享受,强调通过个人奋斗、个人自我设计,追求个人价值的最终实现。这种刻意塑造自我,追求个性化的个人主义有其积极的一面,也有消极的一面。它调动了个人的积极性,使许多人的智慧和潜力得以充分发挥,从而促进整个民族与国家的振兴和发展。然而,人人以我为中心,人际关系就难以融洽,整个社会也会缺乏凝聚力。
美国公众注重成就,仰慕英雄,有深厚的成就崇拜和英雄崇拜的心理积淀。个人成就是所有美国人价值观中评价最高的价值之一。美国人有很强的成就(或成功)意识。成功是所有美国人的追求,是诱人的前景,前进的动力。他们坚信,一个人的价值就等于他在事业上的成就。一些事业有成的企业家、科学家、艺术家和各类明星,成了新时代的英雄。他们个人奋斗的过程和结果,成了社会文化价值取向的参照系,父母教育子女的活教材。
美国是流动性很大的社会。这种流动体现在两个方面:地域性流动和社会性流动。美国相对的开放自由、发达的交通和冒险好动的传统使许多美国人从乡村流到城市,又从市中心流向郊区;从北方流到南方阳光地带,从一个城市流到另一个城市。美国社会阶级不像欧洲国家那样固定,加上公共教育的普及,使沿着社会阶梯向上流动成为可能。许多生活在美国的人,无论是土生土长的美国人,还是漂洋过海来到美国的外国移民,都有一个梦,即通过自己的努力,改变自己的社会地位,实现自己的人生梦想,这就是人们常津津乐道的“美国梦”。

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什么,我觉得这种问题根本没办法回答


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