求主语从句用法!!!

作者&投稿:厨人姿 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
主语从句用法是什么啊,说通俗些~

用法
主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的,下面从它们的各自用法来介绍。
一.主语从句
主语从句 定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
①主语从句常用it作形式主语,一般常用句型为:It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如:
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
It is strange that you should like him.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
另外,还有一些比较多见的结构:
It turned out that……;
It has been proved that……;
It happened/occurred that……;
It is well-known that……等等
②而强调句则不同,它的结构是:It+be+被强调部分+that+从句
强调主语:It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄
强调宾语:It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.
强调状语:It was in shanghai that I saw the film.
判断是否是强调句有一个方法,就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看,看有没有缺成分,缺的是什么成分,再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分,带到你认为缺成分的地方,如果放进去是一句完整的句子了,那就说明是强调句。
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is +名词+that从句
It is a fact that … 事实是……
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+that从句
It is natural that… 很自然……
It is strange that… 奇怪的是……
(3) it +不及物动词+that从句
It seems that… 似乎……
It happened that… 碰巧……
(4) it is+过去分词+that从句
It is reported that… 据报道……
It has been proved that… 已证实……
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not..
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如:
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如:
What you said yesterday is right.
二:宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征:
1、引导词:what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where
2语序:宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。(名词性从句都是陈述语序)
如:I think that you must work harder.
宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。
补充:从句的语序永远是陈述句。

一、主语从句定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。
二、主语从句例句:
1. What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.
2. Who will go to the concert is not known.
3. That she was chosen made us very happy.
4. Whether she will come or not is still a question.
5. Which book they will choose is still unknown.
6. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.
7. It’s strange that he knows nothing about it.
8. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
9. It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
三、主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。
1. that引导
That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着,真是奇迹。
That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了,这是确定无疑的。
That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。
That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。
That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。
That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上,在她村 子里引起很大轰动。
2. whether引导
Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
3. 连接代词引导
Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。
Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。
4. 连接副词引导
When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。
How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。
How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。
Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。
5. 关系代词型what引导
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
What’s done is done. 事已成定局。
What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。
What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。
What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。
What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。
What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。
What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。
四、主语从句与形式主语it
有时为了考虑句子平衡,通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况:
(1) 对于以连词that引导的主语从句,通常用形式主语代主语从句:
It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。
It is important that he should know about this. 他必须知道此事。
It’s vital that we be present. 我们出席是至关重要的。
It was intended that you be the candidate. 大家的意图是让你当候选人。
It is important that this mission not fail. 这项使命不失败至关重要。
It is essential that a meeting be convened this week. 本周开一次会非常重要。
It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 废除这个税是恰当的。
It’s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 竟有这么多人失业这是不公平的。
It’s amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 她竟未谈及此事令人惊讶。
It’s unthinkable that they should deny my request. 他们竟然拒绝我的请求,这是不可思议的。
That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage. 他们拒绝在请愿书上签字这是需要很大勇气的。
(2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句:
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它对我们是利是害,还得看看再说。
(3) 对关系代词型what引导的主语从句,通常直接将主语从句放在句首。如:
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
有时也可将助用形式主语。如:
It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。
(4) 如果句子是疑问句,则必须用带形式主语it的结构:
Is it true that he is the girl’s father? 他是那女孩的父亲,是真的吗?
How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了?
五、连词that的省略问题
引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省,有时不能省,其原则是:若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that不能省略;若that引导的主语从句位于句末,而在句首使用了形式主语it,则that可以省略:
That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)
It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)

主语从句的基本用法

  在句中作主语的名词性从句称为主语从句, 主语从句所对应的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数的形式。为了整个句子的平衡, 主语从句经常后置, 并用it充当形式主语(此时, that引导的主语从句若不放在句首, 可以省略引导词that)。例如: What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。// Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。// It is a pity (that) we haven’t contacted for ages. 很遗憾, 我们几年没联系了。// It has not been decided where the meeting is to be held. 在哪里开会还没决定。// It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。

  注意: 不要混淆it 作形式主语指代主语从句与it引导强调句型的情况:

  it作形式主语代替主语从句主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词没有变化; it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分, 都可用连词that(被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom) // 区分it 作形式主语指代主语从句与it引导强调句型的有效技巧是: 将“It be ... that ...”中的it be和that去掉后, 句子仍然成立的是强调句, 句子不能成立的是that引导的主语从句。例如: It was my suggestion that made him confident of success. 正是我的建议使他对成功有了自信。 去掉it be和that后可以构成完整的强调句型的原型“My suggestion made him confident of success.”, 因此本句属于强调句。

  It is my suggestion that he needs more practice. 他需要更多的练习是我的建议。去掉it be和that后本句讲不通, 因此本句属于主语从句。

  [考题1] ____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006辽宁)

  A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever

  [答案] A

  [解析] 题干中的主语从句特指“使得这家商店与众不同的事物”, 而且没有强调“使得这家商店与众不同的任何事物”之意, 应选用what引导主语从句。

  [考题2] ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. (2002上海春)

  A. What B. That C. This D. Which

  [答案] B

  [解析] 陈述客观情况的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句, 引导词本身不充当该名词性从句中具体的句子成分, 有这样用法的引导词只能是that。

  [考题3] ____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (1996)

  A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

  [答案] B

  [解析] 下划线处的引导词之后接了一个完整的陈述句, 但整个主语从句不是客观陈述某种情况而是要表示“是否”的意思, 应选用引导词whether。注意: 表示“是否”的名词性从句的引导词if不能用于引导主语从句。

  [考题4] It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海)

  A. that B. when C. what D. how

  [答案] C

  [解析] 本题下划线处引导的是一个放在句末的主语从句(被句首的形式主语it所指代)。在该主语从句中引导词要作主语, 四个选项中只有what可以充当名词性从句的主语。

  [考题5] It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning gray. (1992)

  A. while B. that C. if D. for

  [答案] B

  [解析] 本题下划线处引导的是一个放在句末的主语从句(被句首的形式主语it所指代)。陈述客观情况的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句, 引导词本身不充当该名词性从句中具体的句子成分, 有这样用法的引导词只能是that。

  [考题6] It is none of year business ____ other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007福建)

  A. how B. what C. which D. when

  [答案] B

  [解析] 下划线处引导主语从句表示“其他人如何想你”, 在该主语从句中充当think的宾语, 四个选项中只能选择what做引导词。题干中what引导的主语从句放在句末、 由句首的形式主语it所指代。


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汤垄唯新:[答案] 1.主语从句:主语从句在句中做主语.它可以放在主句谓语动词之前,但多数情况由 it 作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后.①What we will do next is unknown to all.接下来做什么大家都不知道.②It is a pity that yo...

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汤垄唯新:[答案] 主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类:第一类,用从属连词that引导的主语从句,例如:That we shall be late is certain.That the driver could not control his car was obvious.这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进...

政和县13478466308: 主语从句连接词用法十万火急啊如题有哪些怎么用列举3Q -
汤垄唯新:[答案] 主语从句有以下连接词及其用法: 1.That That matter takes up space is known to all.(= It is known to all that matter takes up space.) 2.whether (if) Whether she is will join us doesn't matter too much.(=It doesn't matter too much whether (if) she is will join us...

政和县13478466308: 主语从句 -
汤垄唯新: 主语从句(Subject Clause) 定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分:常规主语从句,即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 (1)That he finished writing the composition...

政和县13478466308: 请讲一讲主语从句
汤垄唯新: 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾. 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形...

政和县13478466308: 什么叫主语从句 -
汤垄唯新: 主语从句 一、概述:在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句.根据它们在句中的语法作用,这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句. 二、 几个共性问题: 1.连接方式 (1) 在由连词that, whether, if引导的名...

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