cost,pay,spend和take的区别要有例题和详解

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cost、pay、spend和take的区别~

四个花费

  Ⅰ.cost 指某东西“值……钱”; “需要花费……钱/ 精力”等,它的主语一般为表示东西的名词,不能为表示人的名词,作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语,无被动语态。如:
  ① I’ll bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.我敢说那件衣服得花1000美元。
  ② The chair cost me thirty yuan.这把椅子花了我30元。
  ③ The building of the dam cost many lives. 修建这个水坝使许多人丧生。(使花(某种代价);使损失)
  ④ Bad driving may cost you your life.开车技术不行可能使你丢掉性命。
  ⑤ 作名词时意为“花费;成本”→The cost of the house was too high for me.这房子的价钱太高,我买不起。
  [常用搭配]:
  ① at all costs 不惜一切代价,­­­­­—→The officer told the soldiers that they must defend the town at all costs. 军官对士兵们说要不惜一切代价保卫这座城市。
  ② at the cost of 以……为代价。
  →1). He finished the work at the cost of his health. 他完成了这项工作,但失去了健康。
  →2). She saved him from fire, but at the cost of her own life. 她从火中把他救出,但她自己却牺牲了。
  ③ cost of living 生活费用。
  —→As the cost of living goes up my standard of living goes down. 生活费用越上涨,我的生活水准越降低。
  Ⅱ.spend 的主语经常是人 , 用来表示人花钱买东西或花时间做某事,
  常用的句型有: 如:
  ① I spend 5 yuan on the book.我买这书花五元钱。
  ② The boy spent 10 minutes drawing a dog.那个男孩花了10分钟画一只狗。
  Ⅲ.pay “支付,花费”,主语只能是人 且只用于花费金钱,其结构是: pay + sb + some money + for sth. “为……付给某人多少钱” 其中的人、钱、事,可以根据具体情况取舍。如:
  ① I paid (him)5 yuan. 我付(给他)5元钱。
  ② I paid him 5 yuan for the book. 我买那本书付给了他五元钱。
  ③ I paid him for the book. 我买那本书付给了他钱。
  ④ I paid for the book. 我付了那本书的钱。
  Ⅳ.take 也可表“花费时间和金钱”,(一般只指花费时间)
  其常用结构为:It +take(各种时态)+time/money+to do sth. 如
  It took me three hours to finish the work.

一.首先,这几个单词可以分为两类。

  1. 关于花费时间的:(cost) spend take

    备注:cost有括号的原因是,它并不经常表示时间,只是偶尔会用到。这里不做分析。

  2. 关于花费金钱的:cost pay spend (take)

    备注:take有括号的原因是,它没有具体花费金钱的用法,只是在即将买下某样东西的时候,说:“I'll take it."

二.关于花费时间的

  1. spend,take的区别。

    I spent two hours on this maths problem.  spend的主语一般为人。

    spend...on表示某人花费多长时间来做什么事。

    It took them three years to build this road. 

    take的主语一般为一件事情。表示某物花费多久时间来完成它。

三.关于花费金钱的

  1. spend,cost,pay    的区别

    (1)spend

    就像刚才说过的,spend的在花费金钱和花费时间方面基本上用法相同。这里不做赘述。

    I have spent 500 yuan on this coat.

    (2)cost

    cost的用法就是物作主语,表示某物花费某人多少钱。

    This coat cost me 500 yuan.注意,cost过去时,过去分词均为cost。

    (3)pay

     pay  for 指付款  pay off/back为还款。

    I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.

    May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week.




spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年考试的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示花费
,但用法却不尽相同,讲解如下:
spend的主语必须是人,
常用于以下结构:
(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。
例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2) spend time /money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。
例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示"值",常见用法如下:
(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意:
cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:
(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是:
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。
例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。
例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
例:Don‘t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心,我会给你付钱的。
(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。
(5)pay money back 还钱。
例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我
12块钱吗?下周还你。
(6)pay off one's money还清钱
pay,spend,take,cost均与“花费、消费”有关。在使用上容易混用,通过上面的比较,希望能帮助你




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