定语从句中who和whose的用法
"Who" 用于询问人的身份或特征,并可作为主语或谓语动词的补语。"Whom" 通常用作宾语,在正式的英语中用于代替或引用人。"Whose" 用于询问所属关系,表示某物归属于谁。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别,具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
"Who"(谁)用于询问人的身份或特征。"Whom"(谁)通常用作宾语,在正式的英语中用于代替或引用人。"Whose"(谁的)用于询问所属关系,表示某物归属于谁。
例句:
Who is that girl?(那个女孩是谁?)
Whom did you meet at the party?(你在聚会上见了谁?)
Whose car is parked outside?(外面停着谁的车?)
2. 语法区别:
"Who" 可以作为主语或谓语动词的补语。"Whom" 通常用作宾语,在句中作为动词或介词的宾语。"Whose" 用作形容词,可以修饰名词,表示所有关系。
例句:
Who is going to the party tonight?(谁今晚要去参加聚会?)
Whom did you invite to the wedding?(你邀请了谁去婚礼?)
Whose book is this?(这本书是谁的?)
3. 用法区别:
"Who" 用于问及人的身份或特征,常用于作为主语或谓语动词的补语。"Whom" 用于正式的英语中作为宾语代词,常用于动词或介词后。"Whose" 用于询问拥有关系,表示某物归属于谁。
例句:
Who is the winner of the competition?(比赛的获胜者是谁?)
To whom did you give the present?(你把礼物给了谁?)
Whose pen is this?(这支笔是谁的?)
4. 使用环境区别:
"Who"、"whom" 和 "whose" 可以在口语和书面语中使用,具体使用取决于句子的结构和上下文。
例句:
Who is he talking to?(他在和谁说话?)
The teacher asked whom the students had chosen as their group leader.(老师问学生们选谁作为他们的组长。)
Whose bag is on the table?(桌子上是谁的包?)
whose-谁的
who/whom-谁
而who是主格.whom是宾格.
who 是做主语成分 后面接动词
如 who did it?
whom 是做宾语成分 动作的对象
如 whom did you give the pen to
如果改成祈使句就很明白
you gave the pen to whom( 宾语)
whose 是 谁的? 后面+名词
whose book is this?
一般回答 my book, his book 什么的
WHOSE是物主代词
WHOM 作宾语
WHO 作主语地
whose谁的,代词
whom和who都是谁,人称代词
这三个都是关系代词
例子引用下,字太多了
1)who, whom
这两个词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?(who在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
1. Is he the man that / who sells the dog?
2. Do you know the boy whom / who / that I talked withjust now?
3. She was not on the train that / which arrived justnow.
4. What do you think of the photos that / which I tookin the park?
5. The book whose cover is green was lost yesterday.
6. The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall.
7. It was the largest map that I ever saw.
8. I have read all the books that you lent me.
9. Is there anything else that I can do for you?
10. They talked about the people and things that theyremembered in the old days.
11. Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?
小结归纳
关系代词that, which, who, whom,whose都可以引导定语从句,使用它们时我们应该考虑两点:
1. 先行词是“人”还是“物”;
2. 关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分。
首先,当先行词是“人”时:
1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,用that / who,如:句1;
2) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,用whom / that / who,如:句 2。
其次,先行词如果是“物”时:可用关系代词that / which来充当主语或者宾语,如:句3、4。
综上所述, that既可以指“人”又可以指“物”,而which只能指“物”,who / whom只能指“人”;who / that / which 都可以作主语或宾语,而whom只能作宾语;此外, whose 在定语从句中放在某一个名词或代词前作定语,如:句5。特别需要指出的是:当关系代词作宾语时常常省略,而作主语时则不能省略,如:句2、4、6、7、8、9、10中的关系代词可以省略;而句1、3、11中的关系代词不可以省略。
另外,还有一些情况一般只用that引导定语从句:
(1) 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时,如:句6、7;
(2) 当先行词被all, some, any, no, little, much等修饰时,如:句8;
(3) 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时,如:句9;
(4) 当先行词既有人又有物时,如:句10;
(5) 当主句以疑问词who或which开头时,如:句11。
who只能指代人,在从句中作主语或宾语(但不能用在介词后面,介词后面只能用whom),如 I knew the man who beat him. whom也只能指代人,在从句中只能作宾语,如I knew the man whom he beat. whose在从句中只能作定语,修饰某个名词,这个名词可以是人,也可以是物。 I knew the man whose bike was stolen. 在口语中,whom 常被who代替。
who 的先行词是人,who在定语从句中可以做主语,可以做宾语。
whose 是表示人或物的所属关系。
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