状语从句中，什么时候用who，什么时候whom

定语从句什么时候用whom,who.whose~

定语从句
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。

一、 限定性定语从句

1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置

2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略

4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句

6. when引导定语从句表示时间

〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.

I still remember the first time I met her.

Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.

7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导

二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分

2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。

3. 有时as也可用作关系代词

4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.

一.定语从句及相关术语

1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.

(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)

(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)

2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose

(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)

(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)

(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)

(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)

3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词

(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.

(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

四．关系副词引导的定语从句

1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

(2) The time when we got together finally came.

2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.

(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,

(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.

(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.

五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句

形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开

意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整

译法上 翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句

关系词的使用上 A．做宾语时可省略 B。可用that

C．可用who代替whom A．不可省 B。不用that

C。不用who代替whom

限制性定语从句举例：

(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.

(2) China is a country which has a long history.

非限制性定语从句举例：

(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.

(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.

要注意区分以下几个句子的不同

(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.

他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）

(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.

他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）

难点分析

（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况

1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时

(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?

(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.

(3) All that can be done has been done.

(4) There is little that I can do for you.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.

2. 当先行词被序数词修饰

(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

(1) This is the best film that I have seen.

4. 当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时

(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,

(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/

5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时

(1) Who is the man that is standing there?

(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句

as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：

1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。

(1) He married her, as/which was natural.

(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.

2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.

(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.

(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.

(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.

注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which

(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.

3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as

(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.

(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.

(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.

注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同

(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。

(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。

（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。

(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.

(四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句

(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t )

(五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句

1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系

(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句

2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分

(1) The news he told me is true.

(2) The news that he has just died is true.

(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语

(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.

3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以

(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语

(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.

(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.

(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth

I want to know what book you like to read.
I want to know whick book you like to read best of the three.

在上面这两句话种，可以很清楚的看到what ＆which的区别
what 没有范围
which 是在有范围之内的一种选择

宾语从句

一、定义：

用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可以用连词that，连接代词who，whom，what，which；连接副词 how，when，where以及if和whether引起。连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中作一相应的句子成分，if或whether表示疑问，而that没有意义仅起连接作用。

二、宾语从句的分类：

1． 作动词的宾语从句：

如：Everyone knows that he is a good student.

He wondered how the pyramids were built.

2． 作介词宾语：

如：This depends on how hard you work.

Is there anything wrong in what I said?

3． 作形容词的宾语：

如：They are confident that they can do the job well.

I am not certain whether the train will arrive on time.

三：使用宾语从句要注意的问题：

1． 宾语从句引导词that的省略：

在非正式场合下，that在引导宾语从句时，可以省略。

如：I think (that) you are right.

2． 形式宾语it：

如果宾语从句后面跟有补语，要用形式宾语it来代替，而将从句放到补语的后面去。如：He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.

I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1901.

3．宾语从句的时态呼应：

如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态要按照时态呼应规则进行相应的调整。但是若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然观念，其谓语时态仍用一般现在时。

如：He said that he had left his umbrella in the library.

The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.

4． 宾语从句否定意义的转移：

在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词所根的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。

如：I don’t think he has time to play chess with you.

I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet.

5．一些动词接的宾语从句通常要用虚拟语气：

一般说来，在一些表示坚持(insist)，命令(order，command)，建议(suggest，advise)，要求(require，demand) 等动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语一般要用“should +动词原形”（其中的should在美国英语中常省略，但是引导从句的that通常不省略）：

如：She suggested that we (should) leave early．

He ordered that the medicine (should) be sent by a special plane．

6．whether 与 if

引导介词宾语从句时，只能用 whether，不用if；与“or not”连用时，一般用whether，不用if。

如：I am interested in whether he'll go abroad．

We don't know whether he will come or not．

7．宾语从句的语序

连接词后面为陈述语序。

如：I don’t know what your name is.
8．直接引语变为间接引语

间接引语的使用应注意选择合适的动词。陈述用say／tell，疑问用ask／wonder，而祈使用 tell／order，建议用advise／suggest。注意这些动词后面的结构和语气。

如：“Could you get some tea for me？” Mr．Blake said to his wife．

→Mr. Blake asked his wife whether she could get some tea for him.

“Shall we go dancing tonight？”John said．

→John suggested they should go dancing tonight.

状语从句

状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句

都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。

状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间，原因，条件，比较，结果，目的等类。下面我们拣重点

的一个一个来分析。

时间状语从句：是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从

属连词引导的状语从句。

时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或

存在的状态。

如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.

原因状语从句： because, since, as和for都表示原因。常常令我们不知该用哪个好。我们来

比较一下。

because语势最强，回答why提出的问题，用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因

或人们已知原因，就用as或since。

如：I don't like that coat,because the color looks terrible.

由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直

接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。

如：He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.

目的状语从句：表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导。如：

You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly.

结果状语从句：结果状语从句常由so...that 或 such...that引导，要掌握和区分这两个句型，

首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词,只能修

饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

如：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.

让步状语从句：是由though, although 引导的状语从句。

though, although 和 but不能同时使用。

Although it rained, they had a good time.
定语从句
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which，as 。
关系副词有：when, where, why ,how 。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1 、关系代词引导的定语从句
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换),
例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语)
关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
1）不用that的情况
a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时
(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介词后不能用
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
c)多用who 的情况
①关系代词在从句中做主语
A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend .
②先行词为those , people 时
Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth .
③先行词为all, anyone , ones , one 指人时
One who doesn’t work hard will never succeed in his work .
④在There be句型中
There is a stranger who wants to see you .
⑤在被分隔的定语从句中
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German .
⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。
The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard .

你是不是把状语从句和定语从句及名词从句弄混了？在状语从句中不会用到 who 、whom 作引导词。

在定语从句里，修饰“人”的话，引导词在定语从句中在主语的话，用 “who”，作宾语的话用“whom”。例如：
The man who is standing over there is a teacher。 who 作主语
This is the man whom I have talked about to you。 whom 作 have talked about 的宾语
在名词从句中，情况也类似。
供你参考。

单数who复数whom

在解决问题之前，我先问下曲曲，你说的从句应该是定语从句，状语从句一般都是时间状语从句和地点状语从句。
前面几位说的比较笼统，对曲曲来说理解起来可能会有些困难吧：）我简单的来说一下who和whom的用法。
在你写答案之前，首先要把整个句子的意思弄清楚，有时候复合句型是很复杂的，所以要细心+耐心，最简单的方法就是找出句子的主干！It
is
very
important!我举例说明下：
I
saw
the
man
who
had
taken
the
bag.
这句话的主干就是我看见了那个男人，是什么样的男人呢？就是刚才把包拿走的那个男人。所以由who引导的从句就做为定语来休息前面的man，那这里为什么用who而不用whom呢？原因是the
man在从句中是作主语！这也是区分who和whom的关键所在了。
弄清整句话的意思就是为了弄清楚who和whom所代替的人在从句中是做主语还是宾语，上边我举了一个在从句中做主语的例子，下面我在举个在从句中做宾语的例子。
The
baby
was
very
lovely
of
whom
the
woman
was
taking
care.
这句话的主干是那个婴儿真可爱，是什么样的婴儿呢？是那个女人正在照看的婴儿。
那么看一下，婴儿在从句中做的什么成分，是宾语。所以用whom，但为什么前面会有个of呢？那是因为take
care
of是个固定搭配，通常把介词放在whom前面。
我很粗略的讲了一下who和whom的用法区别。如果曲曲还有什么不懂的，可以加我的QQ：79125449，身份验证的时候注名
曲曲
就可以了。

---

寿县17048424792： 状语从句中,什么时候用who,什么时候whom很不解阿说易懂点, ？
靳剑卡尼： 主语的时候用who 宾语的时候用whom

寿县17048424792： 什么时候用who,whom ,whosewhich,that,when,while....啊?谢谢 - ？
靳剑卡尼： 什么时候用的人,其中, whosewhich ,即,当,而....啊

寿县17048424792： 状语从句中,什么时候用who,什么时候whom？
靳剑卡尼： 弄清楚who和whom所代替的人在从句中是做主语还是宾语我是我自己说的很对啊

寿县17048424792： 从句中what,which,that,who,whose都用于什么时候 - ？
靳剑卡尼： 在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意: 一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形 (1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom). (2) 当定语从句对指人的...

寿县17048424792： what where when who How 的区别及用法 - ？
靳剑卡尼： what什么 对作主语的事物提问 ,也可引导从句 where 哪里, 对地点状语提问,也可引导地点状语从句 when 什么时间, 对时间状语提问,也可引导时间状语从句 who 谁 , 对作主语的人提问, 也可引导主语定语从句 how 怎么样,以什么方式,对程度,方式等提问 which 哪一个

寿县17048424792： who 和 whom的用法 尤其是在状语从句中 怎么选择? 谢谢 - ？
靳剑卡尼： who 在句子中做主语成分,而whom在句子中只能做宾语,这样就很好判断了,谢谢!

寿县17048424792： 定语从句的关系动词who,whose,whom和that,分别怎样用?什么时候才用who,whose,whom和that?请举例. - ？
靳剑卡尼： 这几个词都可以引导定语从句,that什么时候都可以用.who,whose,whom区别主要在于它的意思上,who表示谁在从句中做主语,whom是它的宾格,在从句中做宾语,whose是谁的,它所代替的应该是一个物主代词或有名词所有格,例如:The ...

寿县17048424792： what,where,who,when在句子前中怎么用? - ？
靳剑卡尼：[答案] what,where,who,when在句子前是疑问代词,表示疑问语气,在句中when,where,属于关系副词,都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语,关系副词 when引导定语从句(包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中充...

寿县17048424792： 先行词的使用什么时候用where,什么时候用which,什么时候用that 什么时候用 in which ? - ？
靳剑卡尼：[答案] 一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语) 1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略.[eg:this is the book (which)you want.]而且,如果...

寿县17048424792： what.when.who的用法?？
靳剑卡尼： WHAT引导的是定语从句——对物做提问,WHEN是引导时间状语从句——对时间提问,WHO是引导主语从句——对人物进行提问