英语八上第十单元重难点详解。

英语，单元重难点过关（填过的检查，并写正确答案）~

has late get watch them 41.does have 42.play 43.doesn't have 44.balls 45.sounds

一. 学习目标：
1. 学习一些单音节形容词，多音节形容词和特殊形容词的比较级和最高级形式；
2. 学习进行简单的比较，并表达自己的好恶；

二. 语言结构：
1. 用-est，the most表示最高级。
2. 不规则的形容词的比较级和最高级形式good, better, the best; bad, worse, the worst

三. 重点单词：
comfortable adj. 舒适的；安逸的
seat n. 座位
screen n. 屏；幕；荧光屏
close adj. 近的；接近的
close to 靠近；接近
quality n. 品质；特质
theater n. 剧院；戏院
cinema n. 电影院
jeans n. （pl.）牛仔裤
trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的
funky adj. （俚）时髦的；极好的
radio n. 无线电；无线电广播
radio station 无线电台
FM abbr. （＝Frequency Modulation）调频
AM abbr. （= Amplitude Modulation）调幅
teen n. （= teenager）（13－19岁的）青少年
bargain n. 特价商品；便宜货
delight n. 欣喜；高兴；愉快
by bus 乘坐公共汽车
positive adj. 积极的；建设性的；肯定的
negative adj. 消极的；否定的
dull adj. 乏味的；无聊的；单调的
performer n. 演员；演出者；演奏者
success n. 成功
without prep. 无；没有；缺少
province n. 省；地方
still adv. 还是；还；仍然
enough adj. 充足的；充分的
distance n. 距离；路程
farthest adj. & adv. （far的最高级）最远的（地）

四. 重点句子：
1. Town Cinema is the cheapest.
2. It has the friendliest service.
3. Movie Palace has the most comfortable seats.
4. Jason’s and Trendy Teens are good stores.
5. Trendy Teens has better service.
6. Jason’s has the best quality clothing.
7. Oldies 102.1 FM is pretty bad.
8. It’s worse than All Talk 970 AM.
9. It has the worst music.

五. 重点语法（形容词最高级）
1. 形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化：
构词法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般加er或est tall
young taller
younger tallest
youngest
以e结尾只加r或st nice
large nicer
larger nicest
largest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该字母，再加er, est big
fat
hot bigger
fatter
hotter biggest
fattest
hottest


2. 形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
well better best
bad worse worst
badly worse worst
many more most
much more most
little less least
far farther
further farthest
furthest
old older
elder oldest
eldest

3. 基本用法
（1）形容词比较级用于两者（人或物）之间的比较表示其中一个“更……”或“较……”，常用连词than连接另一个所比较的人或物。如：Our classroom is bigger than theirs.
我们的教室比他们的更大。
（2）形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较。表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个，其前用冠词the，后面带有in或of的短语说明比较。如：
He is the tallest in our class.
他是我们班上最高的一个。
4. 应注意的几个问题：
（1）表示“越来越……”用“比较级＋and＋比较级”，如：It is getting colder and colder.
天气变得越来越冷。
（2）比较级常用的修饰词有：a little, a bit, much, even, a lot 等。如：The boy is much taller than that one. 这男孩比那男孩高得多。
（3）表示“……中最……的一个”用“one of the ＋最高级＋复数名词”。如：The river is one of the longest rivers in our coutry. 这条河是我国最长河流之一。
（4）“The +比较级……the＋比较级……”表示“越……越……”。如：The more, the better. 越多越好。
（5）“the＋序数词＋最高级”表示“第几个最……”。如：The Yellow River is the second river in China.
黄河是我国第二长河。
（6）表示某事物之间在某一方面一样或不一样时，可以用as…as或not so （as）…as结构。如：
He is as busy as before.
他还是象以前那样忙。
My handwriting is not so good as yours.
我的书法不如你的好。
5. 参考练习：
（1）This stamp is ______ in my collection.
A. the elder B. the old C. the eldest D. the oldest
（2）The Summer Palace is _________ than Zhong Shan Park.
A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. bigger
（3）Which is ________, Lesson Five or Lesson Nine?
A. interesting B. more interesting
C. most interesting D. the most interesting
（4）I think the movie “Titanic”is ________ one of all the movies.
A. the best B. best C. better D. a good
（5）The weather is _________ today than yesterday.
A. bad B. worse C. badder D. badly
答案：（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）A（5）B

六. 课文解析：
What do young people think about places in town? We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. All the movie theaters are good, but the Screen City is the best in our town. It has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. However, Town Cinema is the cheapest, and it has the friendliest service. The most popular clothing store is Jason’s. It has the best quality clothing. It’s also the cheapest. Funky Fashions is the worst. It has really bad service. As for radio stations, most people think that Jazz 107.9 FM is really great. It plays the most interesting music.
1. think about 表示“考虑”，“对…有某种看法”
eg: We have many things to think about.
They’re thinking about buying a new car.
What do you think about the film?
2. We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned.
我们在读者中作了一个调查，以下是我们所得到的信息。
句中“what we learned”是“this is”的表语，是一个表语从句。
3. clothing 表示“衣服”，是衣服，服装的总称，只有单数形式，作主语时，谓语用单数形式。
eg: a factory that make children’s clothing.
Our clothing protects us from the cold.
它的同义词有： clothes, cloth.
clothes统指各种衣服，包括外套、西装、衬衣、裙、鞋等，不指单件衣服，它既不能用作单数，也不能和表示具体数目的数词连用，不能说，a clothes, six clothes，做主语时，谓语用复数形式。
eg: He had to buy many clothes.
These clothes are new.
All of her clothes were made by her mother.
cloth 指做衣服用的材料（布料，毛料，丝绸等），它是物质名词，不可数，没有复数形式。
eg: a piece of cloth “一块布料”
eg: How much cloth does it take to make a coat for the child?

七. 重难点解析：
1. close 的用法
（1）作动词，表示“关闭”，指关闭门，窗或闭合眼睛等。
turn off 也有“关闭”的意思，但指通过电键，开关或龙头来关闭电灯，电视，收音机，自来水和煤气等。
（2）作形容词，表示“近的”，“靠近的”
a cloth friend.
close to school.
Close the door, please.
2. success 是名词，表示“成功”“好结果”“及格”
eg: He met with success in his business.
I wish you success.
successful 是形容词，意思是“成功的”“顺利的”
a successful test.
They were successful in finding the way to go back home.
successfully 是副词，“成功地”，“顺利地”
He won the prize successfully in the speaking competition.
3. without 是介词，意思是“无”，“没有”，后面接名词、代词、动名词做宾语。
eg: We couldn’t finish the work without him.
He worked for 12 hours without stopping.
Can I take this book away without permission.

一、重要词汇

1. grow

【用法】v. 成长，种植( 过去式— grew)

【搭配】 grow up 长大，成熟

【举例】 She
grow up in Boston.  

      She grows roses in the greenhouse.

2. act

【用法】v. 表演，演戏

【举例】She
is acting the role of Juliet.

【搭配】act
as/like sth. 充当，起作用

【举例】Can
you act as a interpreter?

【拓展】n.&v.行为 action n. 作为

3. dream

【用法】n.&v.梦想，幻想

【搭配】dream
of doing 想象，梦想

【举例】She
dreams of being a famous actress.

【拓展】dreamer空想家  daydream 白日梦

4.fit

【用法】adj. 强健的，健康的

【举例】 Top athletes have to be very fit.

【拓展】 keep fit = keep healthy保持健康       

5.hold

【用法】v. 举行，主持(过去式-- held)

【举例】 They are going to hold a meeting tomorrow.

【搭配】hold
a meeting 开会 hold
sports meeting开运动会

【拓展】 Hold on 等着，停住

6. communicate

【用法】v. 交流，沟通

【搭配】communicate with sb. 与……沟通

【例句】Dolphins use sound to communicate with each other.

【拓展】communication n.  

8.build

【用法】v. 建筑，建造(过去时-- built)

【搭配】build
up 加大，加强，增多

【例句】All
the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.

【拓展】building
n.建筑物

二、 重点短语

1.  practice basketball                     练习篮球

   practice doing sth.                      练习做……

2. sound like                             听起来像……

3.  what I want to do                       我想做的事情

4. somewhere interesting                  有趣的地方

5.at the same time                        与此同时

6.all over the world                        全世界，世界各地

7.send sth. to sb.                          将某物发送给某人

8.
play an instrument                        弹一种乐器

9.
.get lots of exercise                      多进行体育锻炼

10.
make one’s resolution                    表决心

11.
after high school=leave school            中学毕业后

12.eat healthier food                      吃更健康的食物

13.
a foreign language teacher              一个外语老师

14.
over= more than                      超过

 

三、重点句子

1.
What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后将干什么？

2.
I am going to be a computer programmer .我将来成为一名电脑程序设计人。

3.How
are you going to do that? 你将怎么做？

4.I’m
going to study computer science .我将要学习计算机科学。

5.
Where are you going to work? 你将去哪里工作？

6.
When are you going to do that? 你将什么时候去做？

7.
It’s your job to make it cleaner.

8.
I’m going to do what I want to do.

what
I want to do 是宾语从句作do的宾语，这句话的意思是我将做我想做的事情。

9.
Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy .巴黎听起来像是个我能喜欢的城市。

10.
I’m going to move somewhere interesting .我将搬到有趣的地方。

(1)somewhere意为”在某处，在某地”,通常用于肯定句中，在否定或者疑问句中用anywhere

She
just lives somewhere in the city.

I
can’t find my book anywhere.

(2)复合不定代词(
somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing, everybody,
everyone, everything) 被形容词修饰时，形容词放在它的后面作后置定语。

I
will tell you something important.

 

四、重点语法

                     be going to

“be going to +动词原形”是一般将来时的一种形式，表示即将、将要、打算做某事，be随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。

一、be going to 的用法

1. 表示主语有意图、有计划、有准备，所表达的动作基本上会实现。

We are going to have a
football match next Sunday.

下周日我们打算进行一场足球比赛。

2. 表示主语根据当前的情况作出的推测，通常是有迹象表明某事即将要发生，表示说话人较肯定的判断，指即将发生或肯定要发生的事，常用于I am sure, I’m afraid或I think 等后面。

Look at the clouds! I’m
afraid it’s going to rain!

二、be going to 的句子结构

 含有be
going to 的句子中，be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而相应地变化。

肯定句

主语+be(am/is/are)+going to
+动词原形+其他

   They are going to play volleyball.

否定句

主语+be(am/is/are)+not+going
to +动词原形+其他

They aren’t going to
play volleyball.

3. 一般疑问句

   Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going+to+动词原形+其他？

   Is he going to play volleyball?

三、与be going to 连用的时间状语

Be going to 表达的是未发生的动作，因此常与一些表示将来时间的状语连用，如：tomorrow,
this evening, next month, in three weeks, 有时也可与when,
before, after, until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。

What is he going to do
after he plays football?

课堂练习

1. There         a new bridge across the river in two years.

A. will have   B. is
going to   C. has   D. is going to be      

2. What is she going to
do when she         up?

A. grows     B. is
going to grow    C. grew    D. is growing

3.There          an exam tomorrow.

A. is going to     B. is going to be     C. is going to have        D. is going

4. -- There         a concert this evening.

  --Yeah. Exciting news!

 A. Are going to be     B.
is going to be     C. is going to
have     D. will have

---

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