求初中英语时间状语知识

~ 仔细整理的非常完整的时间状语从句:
when/as/while:当……时 after在...之后 before在...之前: until和till:直到
as soon as:一..就..
no sooner...than:一…就..
hardly/barely...when;刚一..就... whenever:每当...;一..就...
the+瞬间名词 moment、instant、minute、second 可引导时间状语从句。相当于“hardly/scarcely ....
when ....…." “no sooner ...... than ....." 的用法，表示“一………就……”
the+时间名词 morning、afternoon、evening、night、day、week、month、season、year 连用引导时间
状语从句。
(中文意思:那个早上:那个下午;那个傍晚;那个夜晚;那天;那个星期;那个月:那个季节:那年) the+四季名词 spring、summer、autumn、winter 与定冠词 the 连用引导时间状语从句。时间名词time引导时间状语从句的三种情况。
(中文意思:那年春天:那年夏天:那年秋天:那年冬天)
A)the+序数词+time time前面用first、second、third等序数词修饰，必须用定冠词thee(中文意思:第一次:第二次:第三次)
B)(the)+next/last+time time前面用next和last修饰，定冠词the可以省略。(中文意思:上次:下次)
C)each/every/all+time 不定代词前面用each、every、any修饰。不用定冠词the。(中文意思:每次:每次;任何时候)
when/while/as用法口诀:从短选择when;从长while/when;主从都长用 while;一边一边找as。
eg.I waited for Timwhile/when/as he was doing his homework.
当蒂姆做作业的时候,我在等他。
While/when I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang当我沿着桥走的时候,我的手机响了。
When I get home, I always do my homework first.当我到家时,我总是先做作业。
Lynn was watching TV while her mum was cooking.琳恩在看电视,她妈妈在做饭。
Boys and girls, you should look after yourselves when your parents are not at home.孩子们,父母不在家的时候,你们要照顾好自己。 When he got to the airport, the plane had already taken off.当他到机场时,飞机已经起飞了。
As time passed, things seemed to get better.随着时间的推移,事情似乎变得更好了。
when 当...时候
1.后面跟一般时态和进行时态
When I heard the news, I was very sad，当我听到这个消息时，我很伤心。
When Kate was flying a kite, she found a wallet.当凯特在放风筝时，她发现了一个钱包。
· 2.如果主将,则从现。
When I get home this evening, I'll take a shower。当我今晚回家时，我会洗个澡。
·3.后面既可以+瞬间动词，也可+延续动词。 When I came in, my mum was cooking0 当我进来的时候，我妈妈正在做饭。 oWhen my mum was cooking, I came in.。当我妈妈正在做饭的时候，我进来了。
·常见的瞬间动词go走come来arrive到达return返回start开始
begin开始buy买borrow借入lend借出finish完成get得到become变得
while 当...时候
·1.常跟进行时态，有时有对比的意思
·While I was waiting for the bus, it began to rain.当我在等
公交车时，开始下雨。
While l am doing my homework, my mother is cooking.当
我写作业时，我妈妈正在做饭。
。2.只能跟延续动词.
While I was playing the piano, she was dancing。当我正在弹钢琴时，她在跳舞。
·3.while可以表转折,翻译为“然而”(表并刘连同时，让步).Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些
人很费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
as当...时候1.强调同时发生，互相伴随
after在...之后,before 在……之前
eg. After he finished school,he went on to study physics in Switzerland.毕业
后,他继续在瑞士学习物理。
Before we set off, there are a few rules and suggestions for you.在我们出发之前,我要给你们讲几条规定和建议。
until和till:直到
eg. They didn't realize their mistakes until/till we told them.直到我们告诉他们,他们才意识到自己的错误。
When the food is served,you should wait until/till you're invited to eat当食
物端上来的时侯,你应该等到被邀请后再用餐。
Until he told me the news, I had known nothing about it.直到他告诉我这个消息以前,我对它一无所知。
Not until it's too late did my dad come back home from work.直到很晚,我爸爸才下班回家。

eg. Since I came to the junior high schoolI’ve gained confidence and
happiness.自从我来到初中,我收获了自信和快乐。
It's ten years since we came here.我们来这儿已经十年了。
关连同有部分例装
as soon as:一..就...; no sooner...than:一..就..
hardly/barely...when;刚一…就….;whenever:每当….;一…就... eg. As soon as we arrive in Shanghai,we'll go on a tour of the city.
我们一到达上海,就会去游览这个城市。
The rain had no sooner stopped than he set off.雨一停，他就出发了。
No sooner had I got home than my phone rang.我一回家，电话就响了。(倒装
句用法注意:主句为过去完成时，从句为一般过去时。主句部分为:部
分倒装。)
.太阳刚露头儿，我们就起来了。
Hardly/barely had he seen me when her ran away.
他一看见我就跑了。(倒装句用法注意:主句为过去完成时，从句为一般过
去时。主句部分为:部分倒装。)
The roof leaks whenever it rains.这屋顶一下雨就漏。

瞬间名词 moment、instant、minute、second 与定冠词 the 连用可引导时间状语从句。相当于
"hardly / scarcely ...... when ....."、“no sooner...... than ….…." 的用法，表示“一……就……"例句:The machine will start the moment you press this button.你一按按钮机器马上启动。
Don't back up the moment you run up against a little difficulty不要遇到一点困难就打退堂鼓。
She burst into tears the moment she got the sad news.一听到这伤心的消息，她就哭了起来。
The instant I saw him, I knew that he was angry with me我一见到他，就知道他在生我的气。
The instant she caught his eye, she looked away again.刚碰到他的目光，她便把眼睛转开。
The instant Halley touched the saddle,the mettlesome horse bounded from the earth with a sudden
spring.
海利一跨上马鞍，那匹烈性子马就突然从地面腾空而起。 The minute I saw you coming,I came to out to meet you.一见到你来了，我就出来迎接你。
I repented of it the minute it was done.那件事刚做完我就后悔了。
The minute the news is proclaimed,the people gathering at the square cheered up at once.消息一宣布，
聚集在广场的人们顿时欢呼起来。
The second the bell rang, the students dashed out of the classroom.铃声一响，学生都跑出了教室。 She put down the receiver the second she recognized my voice她一听出是我的声音，马上就放下电话听筒。
I rushed over here to tell you the second that I heard the news.我一得到消息就赶着跑来告诉你。
通时间联语aternoon、eveningnightday、week、month、season、year 与定冠词 the
句:Several traffic accidents took place on the highway the morning it snowed heavily.下大雪的那个早
上，高速公路发生了好几起交通事故。
The night I went to see her, she had left for Beijing to attend an important meeting.我去看她的那个晚上，她到北京去开一个重要的会议了。 The day he returned home, his father was already dead.他回家的那一天，他的父亲已经死了。
The week I was in hospital, she attended me at the bedside day and night我住院的一周里，她一直在我在床头照看我。
Mr. Smith didn't go to work the week his wife was ill.他妻子生病的一周里，史密斯先生没有去上班。
The month I went to Europe,Mr.Simpson helped me to manage my business.我去欧洲的那个月都是辛普森先生帮我来管理我的生意。
He left home the year World War l broke out and ten years elapsed when here turned.第二次世界大战爆发的那一年，他离开了家，等回来的时候十年已经过去了。 The year he was killed in an accident,he was at the peak of his career.遇车祸身亡的那年，他正处于职业生涯的顶峰。
四季名词 spring、summer、autumn、winter 与定冠词 the 连用引导时间状语从句。
例句:His wife left him the spring he went abroad.在他出国的那年春天，他的妻子离开了他。
Alice had a son the spring her husband went abroad.丈夫出国的那年春天，爱丽丝生下了一个儿子。 He sold his house and went to the south the summer he lost his job在他失业的那年夏天，他卖掉房子去了南方。
She got married the autumn she graduated from college.大学毕业的那年秋天她就结婚了。 The old Thomson died the winter his wife died.老汤姆森在他妻子那年冬季也死了。 He was sent to prison the winter his third child was born在他第三个孩子出生的那年冬天，他被关进了监狱。
时间名词 time 引导时间状语从句的三种情况。
A)the+序数词+time time 前面用first、second、third 等序数词修饰，必须用定冠词the。
例句:You were only this high, the first time I saw you.我第一次见到你的时候你才这么高。
A strange feeling came on Shelton the first time he saw them sitting there at lunch.谢尔顿第一次看见他们坐在那儿吃中饭，一时间产生了一种莫名的感觉。 The second time I talked to him, he admitted that he had made a big mistake.在我第二次我跟他交谈时，他承认自己犯了大错。
The third time I went there, I found all of them had left and the offices were all empty.我第三次去那儿时，发现他们都离开了，所有的办公室都是空的。
B)(the)+next/last+timetime 前面用next 和last 修饰，定冠词 the 可以省略。
例句:I'll give him a black eye, the next time he offends you.下次他再冒犯你，我一定会给他颜色瞧。 Next time you come, be sure to take your little daughter with you.下次你来时，一定要带是你的小女儿一起来。
The last time I came to see your family, your father seemed to be in good health.上次我来看你家看你们的时候，你父亲身体看起来还蛮健康的。
Last time I spoke here,I expressed the hope that we would cooperate with your university.上次在这里演讲时，我就表达了希望能与贵校合作的愿望。
C) each/every/all +time 不定代词前面用each、every、any修饰。不用定冠词the。例句:Every time I travelled by boat,I got seasick每次坐船，我都要晕船。
Every time he come over to see me, he either wants to tell me his trouble or borrow some money.每次我见到他，他不是向我诉苦，就是要向我借钱。
Each time he came to town,he would drop in my home and have a chat with me.他每次进城，总会到我家坐坐，跟我聊上几句。
Each time he was accomplish something in his work,he gave a big party for the little circle of friends he had.每次工作中干出些名堂，他总请自己的为数不多的朋友吃喝一顿。
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。 Please drop in any time you are passing this way.无论何时你路过这儿，请顺便进来坐坐。

Since从句的时态若是一般过去式，相应地，主句中的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行式。
1、表示客观真理时，主从句用一般现在时。这主要体现在含有when的从句
2、表示将有发生的动作，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
如：i will tell you as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就会告诉你。
3、表示过去发生的动作，而两个动作是表示递进关系，即两动作没有太明显是先后发生的，主从句用一般过去时：如：when he arrived home, he took out the key and open the door. 当他到家后，他拿出钥匙开门。
注意：这种用法一般是用两个一般过去时的。如：i will call you as soon as i arrive.
i called you as soon as i arrived.(从句不用过去将来时）
4、表示过去发生的动作，其中一个动作是现在发生，则一句用一般过去时，另一句要用过去进行时。（主从句都可用这两种时态）
如： i was watching tv when my mother came back. 我妈妈回来时，我现在看电视。
the telephone rang when we were having lunch. 当我们在吃午餐时，电话铃响了。
5、表示过去发生的动作，两动作明显的先后发生的，则，最先发生的用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。后发生的用一般过去时。
如：i had had dinner when my father came back. 我爸爸回来时，我已吃过晚饭了。

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