用英语介绍两个传统节日

~ Mid-Autumn Festival:
1. The Mid-Autumn Festival, a joyous celebration for the living, traditionally falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, coinciding with the autumn equinox. It is known simply as the "15th of the Eighth Moon" and is celebrated around September 15th in the Gregorian calendar.
2. This day is also a harvest festival, as fruits, vegetables, and grains have been harvested by this time, making food abundant. It is a time for relaxation and celebration, with food offerings placed on an altar in the courtyard. Special foods for the festival include mooncakes, cooked taro, and water caltrope, a type of water chestnut resembling black buffalo horns.
3. The round mooncakes, about three inches in diameter and one and a half inches thick, resemble Western fruitcakes in taste and consistency. They are made with melon seeds, lotus seeds, almonds, minced meats, bean paste, orange peels, and lard, and a golden yolk from a salted duck egg is placed at the center of each cake.
4. The custom of worshipping the moon can be traced back to the ancient Xia and Shang Dynasties (2000 B.C.-1066 B.C.). In the Zhou Dynasty (1066 B.C.-221 B.C.), people held ceremonies to greet winter and worship the moon. It became prevalent in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) that people enjoy and worship the full moon.
5. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festivity for both the Han and minority nationalities. Special customs in different parts of the country include burning incense, planting Mid-Autumn trees, lighting lanterns on towers, and fire dragon dances.
Dragon Boat Festival:
1. The Dragon Boat Festival, celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has a history of more than 2,000 years and usually falls in June in the Gregorian calendar.
2. The most popular legend about the festival's origin is in commemoration of Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), a minister of the State of Chu and one of China's earliest poets. After his death, the people of Chu crowded to the bank of the river to pay their respects to him, and the fishermen sailed their boats up and down the river to look for his body.
3. Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, held all over the country. The game originates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body and has developed into an aquatic sports item featuring both Chinese tradition and modern sporting spirit.
4. Zongzi, a pyramid-shaped glutinous rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves, is an essential food of the Dragon Boat Festival. The fillings are more diversified, including jujube and bean paste, fresh meat, ham and egg yolk.
Tomb Sweeping Day:
1. Celebrated two weeks after the vernal equinox, Tomb Sweeping Day typically falls on April 4th, 5th, or 6th. Its Chinese name "Qing Ming" means "Clear Brightness," hinting at its importance as a celebration of Spring.
2. In ancient times, people celebrated Qing Ming Jie with dancing, singing, picnics, and kite flying. Colored boiled eggs would be broken to symbolize the opening of life. The Emperor would plant trees on the palace grounds to celebrate the renewing nature of spring.
3. Today, Chinese visit their family graves to tend to any underbrush that has grown, pull weeds, and sweep away dirt. They set out offerings of food and spirit money to honor past ancestors. The offerings at the tomb usually consist of dry, bland food.
4. Honoring ancestors begins with proper positioning of a gravesite and coffin, determined by experts in feng shui, or geomancy. The family elders will visit the gravesite at least once a year to tend to the tombs. The food usually consists of chicken, eggs, or other dishes a deceased ancestor was fond of.
5. Besides the traditions of honoring the dead, people also often fly kites on Tomb Sweeping Day. Kites can come in all kinds of shapes, sizes, and colors, including frogs, dragonflies, butterflies, crabs, bats, and storks.

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