七年级下 英语动词过去式以及原型
、A A A型 （动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）
cost（花费） cost cost
cut（割） cut cut
hit（打） hit hit hurt 伤害） hurt hurt
let（让） let let put（放） put put
read (读） read read
2、AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）
beat（跳动） beat beaten
3、ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）
become（变成） became become
come（来） came come
run（跑） ran run
4、 ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）
dig（挖） dug dug
get（得到） got got
hang（吊死） hanged hanged
hang（悬挂） hung hung
hold（抓住） held held
shine（照耀） shone shone
sit（坐） sat sat win （赢） won won
meet（遇见） met met
keep （保持） kept kept
sleep（睡） slept slept
sweep（扫） swept swept
feel（感觉） felt felt
smell（闻） smelt smelt
leave（离开） left left
build（建设） built built
lend（借出） lent lent
send （传送） sent sent
spend（花费） spent spent
lose （丢失） lost lost
burn （燃烧） burnt burnt
learn（学习） learnt learnt
mean（意思是） meant meant
catch（抓住） caught caught
teach（教） taught taught
bring（带来） brought brought
fight （战斗） fought fought
buy（买） bought bought
think（想） thought thought
hear （听见） heard heard
sell（卖） sold sold
tell（告诉） told told
say（说） said said
find（找到） found found
have/has（有） had had
make（制造） made made
stand（站） stood stood
understand(明白) understood understood
5、ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）
begin（开始） began begun
drink（喝） drank drunk
ring（铃响） rang rung
sing （唱） sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
blow（吹） blew blown
draw（画） drew drawn
fly（飞） flew flown
grow（生长） grew grown
know（知道） knew known
throw（投掷） threw thrown
show（出示） showed shown
break（打破） broke broken
choose（选择） chose chosen
forget（忘记） forgot forgotten
speak（说，讲） spoke spoken
wake（醒） woke woken
drive（驾驶） drove driven
eat（吃） ate eaten
fall（落下） fell fallen
give（给） gave given
rise（升高） rose risen
take（取） took taken
mistake（弄错） mistook mistaken
ride（骑） rode ridden
write（写） wrote written
do（做） did done
go（去） went gone
lie（平躺） lay lain
lie(说谎) lied lied
see（看见） saw seen
wear（穿） wore worn
am/is(是) was been
are（是） were been
I. 一般过去时的概念
① 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。
例如：
She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。
I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
② 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。
例如：
He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。
③ 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。
II. 一般过去时的构成
(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：
① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如：look-looked， watch-watched。
② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。
③ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。
如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。
④ 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。
如：study-studied， carry-carried。
(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。
III. 一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为：
① 主语+was / were +其它。
如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。
② 主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。
否定句结构为：
① 主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。
如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。
② 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。
如：She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。
一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为：
① Was / Were +主语+其它?
如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗？
② Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？
如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗？
特殊疑问句的构成为：
疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？
如：What did you do last night? I did my homework.
Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元，浊[d]，t, d 之后读[id]。
① 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后，ed要读[t]。 如： worked，finished。
② 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。 如：lived，called。
③ t 或 d 后，ed读[id]。 如：started，needed。
英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表
* am was been 是
* are were been 是
awake awoke awoke 唤醒
bear bore born 忍受
beat beat beaten 打，敲打
become became become 成为，变成
* begin began begun 开始
bet bet bet 打赌
blow blew blown 吹
break broke broken 打坏，打破
* bring brought brought 带来
* build built built 建筑，建设
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
* buy bought bought 买
catch caught caught 揪住，抓住
* can could 能，会
choose chose chosen 选择
* come came came 来
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 砍，切
* do did done 做
* does did done 做
dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦
* drink drank drunk 喝
drive drove driven 驾驶，开车
* eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下，跌倒
feed fed fed 喂养
feel felt felt 感觉
fight fought fought 打架
* find found found 发现，找到
fly flew flown 飞行
forget forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记
freeze froze frozen 结冰
* get got got/gotten 得到
* give gave given 给予
* go went gone 走，去
grow grew grown 成长，种植
hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊，悬挂
* have had had 有
* has had had 有
hear heard heard 听见
hit hit hit 打，击
hold held held 举办，容纳
hurt hurt hurt 伤害
keep kept kept 保持，喂养
* know knew known 知道，了解
lay laid laid 下蛋，平躺
* learn learnt/learnt learnt 学习
* leave left left 离开，留下
lend lent lent 借给
* let let let 让
* lie lay lain 躺下
* lose lost lost 丢失
* make made made 制造，制作
mean meant meant 意思是，意味着
* meet met met 遇见
* may might 可以
mistake mistook mistaken 犯错
must must 必须
pay paid paid 付钱，赔偿
* put put put 挂
* read read read 读
ride rode ridden 骑，乘
ring rang rung (钟/铃)响，鸣
rise rose risen 升起
* run ran run 跑
* say said said 说
* see saw seen 看见
* sell sold sold 卖
* send sent sent 寄，送;派
set set set 安装
shake shook shaken 摇动，摆动
shall should 将
shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀
* show showed shown/showed 显示
shut shut shut 关
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 下沉
* sit sat sat 坐
* sleep slept slept 睡
smell smelt smelt 嗅
* speak spoke spoken 说
spell spelt spelt 拼读，拼写
* spend spent spent 花费，度过
spill spilt split 溅，洒
spit spat spat 吐痰
spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋
* stand stood stood 站
steal stole stolen 偷
sweep swept swept 打扫
* swim swam swum 游泳
* take took took 带去，花费，乘
* teach taught taught 教
* tell told told 告诉
* think thought thought 想，思考
throw threw thrown 扔，投，掷
understand understood understood 明白
wake woke/waked woken/waked 醒
* wear wore worn 穿戴
win won won 获胜
* write wrote written 写
* will would 将，愿
原形 过去式 汉语 原形 过去式 汉语
am ,is was 是 lie lay 平卧；躺
are were 是 learn learnt/-ed 学
become became 成为 let let 让
begin began 开始 lose lost 丢失
break broke 破坏 make made 做；制造
bring brought 带来 meet met 遇见
buy bought 买 put put 放
can could 能 read read 读
catch caught 抓住 ride rode 骑
come came 来 run ran 跑
do did 做 say said 说
draw drew 画 sell sold 卖
drink drank 喝 pay paid 付款
drive drove 驾驶 sing sang 唱
eat ate 吃 sit sat 坐
feel felt 感觉 sleep slept 睡觉
fight fought 打架 speak spoke 讲
find found 找到 spend spent 度过；花费
fly flew 飞；放飞 stand stood 站
forget forgot 忘记 swim swam 游泳
get got 得到 take took 拿走
give gave 给 teach taught 教
go went 去 tell told 告诉
grow grew 种植；生长 think thought 想；思考
have, has had 有 wear wore 穿着
hear heard 听见 will would 将要
know knew 知道 write wrote 写
规则变化：动词后直接-ed 以辅音加e结尾加-d
不规则变化有《动词不规则变化表》(可以在百度文库中查到）
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