什么是be动词 什么情况下用那个be动词
“be”是个特别动词
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb).
当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。例如:
1. The man is a science teacher.
2. Mary's new dresses are colourful.
3. I have been there before.
4. Mother is in the kitchen now.
这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
5. Is the man a science teacher?
6. Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7. Have I been there before?
8. Is mother in the kitchen now?
当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9. Don't be silly!
10. Do be obedient!
11. Don't be a fool!
“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
12. He's not...../He isn't....
13. You're not...../You aren't...
但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:
14. I'm not.
有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
1.“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:
15. Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16. The children are playing in the field.
17. Samuel was eating when I came in.
18. We have been living here since 1959.
2.“Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(The Passive Voice),如:
19. Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20. A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21. David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22. Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23. The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24. Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours.
25. Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.
be动词的用法:
一、作实义动词用
1、是,成为 如:
I am a Chinese.
我是中国人.
He wants to be a doctor.
他想成为医师.
2、有,存在 如:
There are seven days in a week.
一星期有七天.
To be or not to be----that is the question.
生存还是毁灭-----那就是问题所在.
二、系动词
1、be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:
They are having a meeting.他们正在开会.
English is becoming more and more important.英语现在越来越重要.
2、be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:
The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的.
English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语.
3、 be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:
a.表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:
He is to go to New York next week..他下周要去纽约.
We are to teach the freshpersons.我们要教新生.
说明:这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法.
b.表示命令,例如:
You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释.
He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室.
c.征求意见,例如:
How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他?
Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢?
d.表示相约、商定,例如:
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合.
扩展资料:
1、形式
有不同的be动词,基本上为:
am,is,are,was,were,been,being,be。
2、被动语态
被动语态的基本结构为be+done(Be动词+动词过去分词)
一般现在时:am/is/are+done
一般过去时:was/were+done
一般将来时:will+be+done
现在进行时:am/is/are+being+done
过去进行时:was/were+being+done
现在完成时:have/has+been+done
过去完成时:had+been+done
动词是系动词,后面接的是形容词。表达主语特征的
而助动词是用于实义动词之前,用来帮助完成否定疑问的,所以出现be动词的句子,不会在同时出现助动词
be动词在很多情况下相当于中文的“是”,不同的时态下用不同的be,一般现在时单数是is、复数是are,过去单数是was、复数是were,
过去完成时是been
be
就是系词,am
is
are
;was
were
可以用于主系表结构;还可以用于被动语态
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