急急急！！！谁能帮我总结一下英语常用的句型？

我需要翻译一段文章，谁能帮我把它翻译成英语．急！！在线等~（尽量避免复杂的句型，词语）~

When back and comparing with the current situation of professional ethics among the accountants in our country, it is still very worrying despite years of consolidation and construction. The development of professional ethics, generally, will experience indulgence, submission and self-acknowledgement these three stages. Most of the scholars in our country think that the overall situation of the accounting ethics of out country is still at the first stage, which is indulgence. There are multiple existing problems among the accountants: relatively under-level self-consciousness to follow the professional ethics, poor judgement, ineffective measure to strengthen the construction of accounting professional ethics, the poor combination of different types to manage the accounting, morally and legally; moreover, the regulation of the accounting morality and accounting technology regualtion can't support the professional ethics and offer noting to let it function healthily, not being able to adjust the trend of the change of the accounting world.
Along with the gradual completion of our country's market economy and the improvement in marketability, honesty in the accounting will be more strengthened. Therefore, every accountant and related people have to adjust to the trend of change in the accounting development as everyone should become self-consciousness to upgrade oneself's morality and judgement for the professional ethics, in order to make contribution to solidify honesty in accounting. The current problems which are need to be researched and solve are as follow: firstly,the sociality and the metond of realization of honesty in accounting; secondly, howto educate those accountants and related people to willingly upgrade their morality; thirdly, how to balance relationship of morally and legally managing the accounting; and last but not least, how to strengthen the education of accounting ethics professional and so on.
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翻译完了，呵呵，谢谢楼主信任。
希望队楼主有帮助。

英语句子结构分析
简单句的基本结构
1. 主语+谓语（不及物动词）
The sun does not always shine.太阳并非永远照耀。
被动：无。不及物动词没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词构成一些动词短语后能转为被动语态。The baby was looked after by the neighbor. 这个小孩由邻居照看着。
2. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语What we did hurt him.我们的所作所为伤害了他。The market provides many goods for people.市场向人们提供许多货物。
被动：He was hurt by what we did. / Many goods are provided for people by the market.
3. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。My father gave me a pen as my birthday present.父亲给我一支刚笔作为生日礼物。
被动：A pen was given to me by my father as my birthday present./ I was given a pen by my father as my birthday present.
4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语Love makes the world go around 爱让世界运行不息I will make life more enjoyable. 我会使生命更精彩。
被动：The world is made to go around by love. / Life is made more enjoyable by me.
5. 主语+系动词+表语Our better days are ahead 我们美好的时光在前头The boy looks very smart. 这个小男孩看起来非常聪明。
被动：无。系表结构无被动语态。但表示事情的特征、性状时，用主动语态表示被动的意义。The food in china tastes very delicious. 中国的食物尝起来很美味
在句子的八大成分中,有些成分是可以由一个句子来充当,我们称其为从句。按照功能，从句可划分为六种，分别是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句。其中，由于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句在句子中行使的都是名词的功能，又统称之为名词性从句。（从句一定会有引导词）
1、主语从句在复合句行使主语的功能。What we do willingly// is easy 愿者不难。That he won the first prize in the English competition //is known to everybody. 他英语竞赛获得第一的事情，每一个都知道。
2、宾语从句行使宾语的功能。Goals determine// what you’re going to be.目标决定你将成为什么样的人。We know// that you are a kind girl. （动宾）我们知道你是一个善良的女孩子。We are worried about// when he will recover from the bad cold. （介宾）我们担心的是他什么时候能从严重的感昌中恢复过来。I am sure// that she will come back on time. (形宾)我确保她会按时回来的。
3、表语从句在复合句中行使表语的功能。Love is //what links two souls.爱是联结两个心灵的东西.The pencil looks //as if it were broken //when it is put into a glass of water. 当被放进一杯水中时，这支铅笔看起来似乎是断了。
4.同位语从句：在复合句中行使同位语的功能。The plan// that our school will build a hall //will be carried out next year. 我们学校将要建一幢礼堂的计划将要在明年实施。We support the suggestion// that every student should wear uniform. 我们支持每一个学生都应穿校服的建议。
5、定语从句在复合句中行使定语的功能。Success is a process// that never ends .成功是一个永远没有结束的过程。A man// who knows two languages// is worth two men. 懂得两种语言的人抵得上两个人。
6、状语从句在复合句中行使状语的功能。A real friend never gets in your way，//unless you happen to be on the way down.真正的朋友绝不会挡你的路，除非在你走下坡的时候。As soon as I saw// I was going the wrong way, //I would turn around and change my direction .一看到自己走错了路，我就会转身改变方向。
明确句子成份的概念之后，再进一步掌握句子的简单基本结构。现在举例子说明结构分析法的步骤。例1、It was his special talent to make each visitor feel that the smile was unique.第一步：找句子的主干得：主语+系+表语。分析：在英文中，为了避免头重脚轻，当一个句子的主语较长时，一般都会将其放在句子的尾部，而有“it”作为形式主语，真正的主语应该是to make each visitor feel that the smile was unique 部分。这样做无非是为了使句子美观，更易于理解，久而久之，也就成了使用习惯。事实上，如果直接将其放在句子的头部，也并非错误。
第二步：分析句子枝干得，主语+系+表语.在真正的主语中，that引导表语从句,feel为感官系动词、主语是each visitor。that引导的表语从句中又是主语+系+表语。
第三步：用中文的表达习惯，翻译该句子。
让每一位游客都感觉到微笑的独特之处是他的特殊才能。
例2、If you want to interact effectively with me (从句),you first need to understand me （主句）.第一步；找主句的主干得：主语+谓语+宾语.分析：主语是you 谓语是need宾语是不定式to understand me.第二步：分析句子的枝干得：主语+谓语+宾语.由If连词引导的条件状语从句，you作句子的主语 ,“to interact effectively with me ”部分是做want的宾语。第三步：用中文的表达习惯，翻译该句子。如果希望和我有效地交往，你首先需要去了解我。
根据结构句子可以划分为三种类型：简单句、并列句和复合句。
① 简单句只有一个谓语动词或并列谓语的句子. I love my parents. 我爱我父母。She is pretty and likes dancing. 她长得很俊俏且喜欢跳舞。
②并列句由并列连词连接两个以上简单句而成的句子。并列连词如：and, but, or ,so等。并列句中的每个简单句可称为 (并列)分句。
如:In a full heart there is room for everything,// and in an empty heart there is room for nothing.充实的心灵包容一切，容虚的心灵排挤一切。如:We can’t control the beauty of our face, //but we can control the expression on it .我们无法控制自己面容的美丽，但我们能够控制自己面容的表情。如: Problems never stop// but people can stop problems.问题永远不会停止，但人可以停止问题。
③ 复合句除主句外还包含一个或一个以上从句的句子。主句是指表达主要思想，可以独立存在的句子，而从句相对于主句而言，是指表达次要思想，不能独立存在，只能和主句一起使用的句子，每个从句的功能相当于一个句子成分，也称主从复合句。如:Once you study hard, //you will make great progress. 一旦你努力学习，你就会取得很大的进步。 If you want to interact effectively with me, //you first need to understand me.如果你想希望和我有效地交往，首先你需要了解我。
注意：在复合句中,主句的主干为整个句子的主干,从句的主干只能作为枝干的主干,不能作整个句子的主干。因此，分析句子的结构时首先分要清主句和从句

由以上，就得出答案啦

1.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句
2.有时间状语从句的复合句，主句结构为：主语+系动词+表语
3.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句
4.有as引导非限制性定语从句、宾语从句的复合句，主句结构为：动词+宾语（即动宾结构）
5.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句
6.主语+谓语的简单句，被动语态
7.主语+谓语+宾语的简单句
8.主语+系动词+表语的简单句
9.有定语从句、宾语从句的复合句，主句结构为：主语+谓语+宾语
10.有定语从句、条件状语从句（as引导的）的复合句，主句结构为：主语+系动词+表语
希望能帮到你~

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并列句和主从复合句

并列句基本概念：

并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。

2、常见的并列句：

(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。

(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。

(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。

主从复合句

1、概念：

主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也严格要求。) / It seemed as if the meeting would never end.(看起来会议没完没了。) / Hurry up, or (else) you'll be late.(快点, 要不然就来不及了。) / However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them.(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。)

2、分类：

从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。(参见以下各条)

3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法：

(1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。

例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.

(2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式：(主句＋)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...

② 关于宾语从句连词的选择：

若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;

若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;

若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)

例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )

③ 宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；

如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。)

④ 下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：

be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。) / I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。)

各国高校在中国展开一场激烈的“生源争夺战”。中国生源为国外经济带来新的增长点

(3) 状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。

时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。如： When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I won’t leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。)

地点状语从句通常由 where, wherever等引导。如：Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去！) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永远也不会忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。)

原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。)

目的状语从句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that... 等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身更早为的是赶上第一班车。)

结果状语从句通常由 so that..., so...that... 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one. (他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。)

比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我高多了。) / I don’t have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多)

让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如：Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)

条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as long as等引导,条件状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder. (即将来到的期末考试你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。) / If it doesn’ t rain tomorrow, we shall go hiking. (如果明天不下雨我们就要去徒步旅行。)

[注意] 1、because与so；(al)though与but；if与so不可以同在一个句子中成对出现。

2、时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号与主句隔开。

(4) 定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)

② 语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。

③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用：

关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) / Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。)

关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)

④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)

[注解]

1、关系代词只能用that的情况：

当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that. 如：All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。) / Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？) / This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。)

2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物。

如：Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner? (你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？) / Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me. (跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。)

3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系代词常常省略。

如：Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的人。)

4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who.

如：This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)

(5) 主语从句：在句子中充当句子主语的从句叫主语从句。位于谓语动词之前。通常由that,whether以及疑问连词引导。一般情况下,常用it替代主语从句,而将主语从句移到句尾。如：When we should start is still a question. (我们该在什么时候开始还是个问题呢。)

直接引语和间接引语

1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

2、直接引语改变为间接引语：

1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：

①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。

②人称作相应变化；

③主句里的动词如果是过去时,间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变： 一般现在时变一般过去时；一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变成过去完成时；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。

如：He says,"I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.

Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time.”

→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.

2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。如：Lin Tao said to Miss Green, "Is it made in China?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China.

3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。

如：Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” →Lucy asked me how she could help.

4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须将祈使句变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用tell, ask, order. 如：He said to the little boy,“ Come here, young man! ”

→He asked the little boy to go there.

5、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化

倒装句： 谓语的一部分或者全部放在主语之前的句子称为倒装句。

1、THERE BE句型以及以here、there开头的句子。如： There are a lot of children in the showroom. (在展览室里有许多的小孩。)/ Here comes the bus. (公交车来了。) / There goes the bell. (铃响了。) / The door opened and in came Mr Lee. (门开了,李先生走了进来。)

2、用“So / Nor / Neither + 助动词 + 主语”倒装结构表示第二个人物的情况与上文的人物情况相同。如：Tom went to the beach last week, and, so did I. (Tom上个星期去了海滩,我也是。) / Li Mei’s bought nothing from the shop. Neither has Jim. (李梅没有在店里买什么,Jim也没有买。)

3、在疑问句中,通常使用在主语之前安放助动词的倒装方法,对主语提问除外。如：How did he find the lost book? (他是怎么样找到丢失的书的？) / Where are they going to spend the summer vacation? (他们打算到哪儿过暑假？)

4、感叹句中通常将被感叹的部分前移,而将句子的主谓语整体后置。 如：What a beautiful flower (it is)! (那是多漂亮的花！)

5、有引号引用某人的原话时,引号外面的主谓一般采用倒装形式放在句尾,但是,若主语是代词则不倒装。如：“What on earth are you doing up there?” said the father. (父亲说：“你在上边到底干什么？”) / “What on earth are you doing up there?”he said. (他说：“你在上边到底干什么？”)

附加注释

die、dead、death的用法：die是动词,可以独立做谓语,有各种时态变化,也可以变成非谓语形式作句子的其他成分；dead是形容词,作句子的定语、表语或宾语补足语；death是名词,作句子的主语、宾语等。如：I’m going to die! (我要死了！) / The man has been dead for about three months. (那个人死了三个月左右。) / He is worried to death. (他急得要死。)

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