宾语从句的用法和句式构成,在线等,急!!

作者&投稿:史泡 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
宾语从句句式~

一、概念

宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。

二、可接宾语从句的动词

say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等,或由形容词构成的系表结构,如:afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等

三、宾语从句的标点符号。

宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号。

四、引导词。

1、that (从句是陈述句时,引导词用that ,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省。)

2、if或whether (从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ,含义是“是否”。)

if、whether 一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether

3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)

连接代词(what、 which、 who、 whose )

连接副词(when、 where、 how 、why )

五、宾语从句的同义句转换。

在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构,它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。

Can you tell me how I can get to the station?

Can you tell me how to get to the station?

六、宾语从句的语序。

宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序(即正常的主谓语序)

He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .

He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .

Do you know what the population of Dalian is ?

七、宾语从句的时态。

1、主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要选用任何时态。

He says that he is good at English

He says that he has been ill for two days

I don’t know if he will come tomorrow

2、主句是一般过去时,从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。(即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等)

He asked me where I lived

He said that she had been ill for two days

She said that she would return soon

3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句的影响,都用一般现在时。

The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”

He said that the earth is round

特例:Could you tell me …委婉的语气,常按照一般现在时处理。

Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ?

八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词。即一般现在时的助动词do ,does ,一般过去时的助动词did.

Do you like speaking English ?He wants to know .(改为宾语从句)

He wants to know if you like speaking English

九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句,那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式;一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的,动词要用单三形式,如果主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形;其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。

十、宾语从句变否定句。

如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时,并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时,变否定句要否定转移,即否定主句。否则,变否定句看从句。

I think chicken can swim (变否定句)

I don’t think chicken can swim

He said that he would go shopping(变否定句) ……

He said that he would not go shopping

十一、宾语从句变反意疑问句

如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时,变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。

I think he is a good student ,isn’t he ?

They want to know if he is a good student , don’t they ?

英语的从句有很多
英语基本句式小结
英语中的句式有很多种,从英语的句子结构上说,总体可以归纳为五个基本句式。一般地说,某些动词用在某一特定句式中。那么,哪些动词常用于哪些句式,我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类,每一大类都分出详细的条目,同学们可以在理解记忆各大类的基础上记忆相关动词,并继续归纳总结。
1.S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓)
1)S + V + adverbial(状语)
Birds sing beautifully.
2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)
He went on holiday.
3)S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)
We stopped to have a rest.
4)S + Vi+ Participle (分词)
I’ll go swimming
2. S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)
1) S + VT + N/Pron
I like music.
2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式)
I want to help him.
常用于这句型的动词有:attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,learn,need,offer,refuse,want,wish等。
3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive
I don’t know what to do.
常用于这句型的动词有:ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,find
out,forget,guess,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。
4) S + VT + Gerund
I enjoy living here.
常用于这句型的动词有:admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,give
up,can't help等。
5) S + VT + That-clause
I don’t think (that) he is right.
常用于这句型的动词有:Admit,believe,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(觉得),hear(听说),hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind(当心),notice,request,report,say,see(看出),show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(觉得奇怪)。
3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表)
1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)
He is a boy.
2)S + Lv + Adj(形容词)
She is beautiful.
3)S + Lv + Adv (副词)
Class is over.
4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase
He is in good health.
5)S + Lv + Participle(分词)
The film is interesting.
除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词:
表感官的动词,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem
等。表转变变化的动词,become,get,grow,turn,go,等。表延续的动词
remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。表瞬时的动词
come,fall,set,cut,occur等。其他动词
eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。



英语的基本句型主要有五种,它们是:

1、主语———动词———表语

2、主语———动词

3、主语———动词———宾语

4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语

5、主语———动词———宾语———补语

掌握好这些基本句型,就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这五种句型。

一、主语---动词----表语

在这一句型中,动词是系动词,划线部分为表语。

1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)

2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)

3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)

4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)

5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)

6.The television was on.(副词做表语)

7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)

8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)

9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语,即:表语从句)

注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。

I'm happy to meet you.

They are willing to help.

We are determined to follow his example.

二、主语———动词

在这一句型中,动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中,不及物动词可以有状语修饰。

1.The sun is rising.

2.I'll try.

3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)

4.The engine broke down.

注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。

1.The book sells wel.

2.The window won't shut.

3.The pen writes smoothly.

4.Cheese cuts easily.

三、主语———动词———宾语

在此句型中,动词为及物动词,划线部分为宾语。

1.Do you know these people(them)?(名词或代词做宾语)

2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语)

3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语)

4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语)

5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes?(动名词做宾语)

6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语,即:宾语从句)

注意:并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语,不同的动词有不同的用法,所以,在学习动词时,一定要掌握其用法。

四、主语———动词———宾语———宾语

在此句型中,动词可以称作双宾语动词,在英语中,这样的动词并不多,在学习遇时,要牢记。后面的宾语为间接宾语和直接宾语,其中间接宾语在前,一般表人,直接宾语在后,一般表物。这类句型有三种情况。

第一种情况,间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语。

1.He handed me a letter.

He handed a letter to me.

2.She gave me her telephone number.

She gave her telephone number to me.

第二种情况,间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语。

3.She sang us a folk song.

She sang a folk for us.

4.She cooked us a delicious meal.

She cooked a delicious meal for us.

第三种情况,直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当。

5.Tell him I'm out.

6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives?

五、主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语

在此句型中的动词,叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词,在英语中,这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的,宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式,因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。

1.He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)

2.The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)

3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补)

4.We went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补)

5.What do you advise me to do?(不定式做宾补)

6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补)

7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补)

8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补)

9.Did you notice him come in?(不带to的不定式做宾补)

10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)

11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补)

注意:在这个结构中,可以出现用it做形式上的宾语,把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中,宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。

1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.

分析:it是形式宾语,hisduty是宾语补足语,to mention this to her是真正的宾语。

2.I think it best that you should stay with us.

分析:it是形式宾语,best是宾语补足语,that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。

注意:

1.习惯用语的使用

在英语中,有很多动词习惯用语,在学习的过程中,要注意它们的使用,不必分析单独每个词的使用。

例:

We are short of money.(be short of中short做表语)

She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的宾语)

He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)

We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是宾语,to stop是宾语补足语)

2.在英语中,大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词,而且还会有一些固定词组,因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。

例:ask

①Did you ask the price?(直接接名词做宾语)

②She asked them their names.(接双宾语)

③I asked James to buy some bread.(接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)

④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做宾语)

⑤Didn't you ask him in?(在此句中和副词in连用)

⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(组成固定词组ask for)

3.There be句型是一种特殊的句子,真正的主语在后面,含义为“有…”

①谓语动词和主语保持一致:There is a television in the sitting room.

②有两个或更多的主语时,动词一般和最近的一个保持一致:There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.

③主语的后面有时有修饰语:There are a lot of difficulties facing us.There were many things to be done(此处也可以使用to do).

④谓语动词be可以有时态的变化:There will be a concert in the park tonight.There was little change in him.

⑤谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。

There used to be a cinema here.

There seems to be something the matter with her.

Is there going to be any activity tonight?

⑥there be句式变疑问句,把be提前;变翻译疑问句也要借助there。

Is there any hope of getting the job?

There is nothing wrong with your watch,is there?

⑦there be句型中也可以使用诸如:live,follow,come,stand,sit,exist等不及物动词:

Once upon a time,there lived a fisherman on the island.

There came a knock at the door.

At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

⑧用于非谓语的情况下,有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being:

You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的复合结构)

The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(动名词的复合结构)

There being nothing else to do,we went home.(独立主格结构)

主语+谓语+引导词+宾语从句
宾语从句就是用在动词,介词之后的从句部分
引导词(考点所在)

A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。

例:I told him that he was wrong.

l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。

例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)

B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换。

例:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.

The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.

l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导

例:Everything depends on whether we have enough money。

l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.

例:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.

l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.

例:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分。

例:Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)

I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)

二,宾语从句的语序,

宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

例:I believe that they will come soon.

He asked me whether I was a teacher.

They wanted to know what they can do for us.

二,宾语从句的时态。

宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,

既:主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定。

主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。

例:

1)She says that she is a student.

She said that she was a student.

2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.

She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3)She says that she has finished her homework already.

She said that she had finished her homework already.

4)She says that she can sing a song in English.

She said that she could sing a song in English.

l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

He told me that Japan is an island country.

lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。

例:Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?

注意事项:

u由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化。

例:She said: “I have been to England before.”

She said that she had been to England before.

She asked me: “Do you like maths?”

She asked me if I liked maths.

u宾语从句与简单句的交换。

由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式

”做宾语的简单句结构。

例:I don’t know what I should do next.

I con’t know what to do next.

He didn’t know where he would live.
希望能帮到你

引导词+宾语从句 构成句子的成分。宾语从句。在句子中做宾语成分。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句五大要素。引导词【1.that无实际意义可省。2..if/whether意思为是否。不可省必须翻译。带有疑问含义不充当成分。如果宾语从句是否定或者一般疑问句。这时引导词只能用If。有。or not结尾的宾语从句只能用whether。嘿嘿。,。我都是一直用whether的。,不容易错!~ 】。陈述语序【称述滴语序!~】、时态一致【1。主句现在时。、从句根据需要改变时态。2.主句过去式+从句过去式(过去将来时或者过去完成时……)3.主句过去式+客观真理(一般现在时例如the Earth moves around the Sun.)】。人称一致【一随主。二随宾。三不变、(一二三。都是第一二三人称。)】。标点符号看主句。

宾语从句可以用很多引导词引出,连接词that if whether
e.g. Everybody knows (that) the earth is round.
it depends on whether we will have enough money
i don't know if i'll be free tomorrow
连接代词(what which who whom whose whatever whichever whoever whomever)和连接副词(when where why how)
e.g Could you tell me where the nearest post office is ?
i am very interested in how he has improved his English in such a short time
it has not been decided when they will meet
Please tell me who/whom you are waiting for.
i was wondering which dictionary i should buy.
I can't tell whose book this is .


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It is (high) time that表示“是该做.....的时候了。这种句式常用it作形式主语,that从句为主语从句,句中常用一般过去式或“should+do”的虚拟语气结构。注意:其中should不可省略,time前不加定冠词the。结构:It's high time that sb did\/should do sth ...

什么是宾语从句,宾语从句咋么变(要写的明白一些)
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时; 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时; 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略; 当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时; 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时; 当宾语从句的主语是非...

宾语从句详细讲解
1、动词后的宾语从句只要有三种情况,一是动词后面直接带宾语从句;二是有些“动词+副词”结构后可以带宾语从句;三是动词短语后可带宾语从句。例句:I hope you can join us in the game.我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。(动词后面直接带宾语从句)Can you figure out what the poet really ...

状语从句的概念和结构
2)as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的"。例如: They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就...

英语上的状语从句,宾语从句,谓语从句等等从句的句式结构是什么?_百度...
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。eg:As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.宾语从句:主语+某些可以接从句的及物动词+从句 eg:I hope that I can be a successful man in the...

定语从句的句式有哪些?
(1)修饰某些抽象名词的不定式,也可以使用介词接动名词的方式。这类名词通常表示抽象概念,后面用动词不定式做定语,解释中心词的内容。这样的名词有如:ambition, campaign, chance, honor, mood, need,necessity, plan, opportunity, reason,&#...

宾语从句句式
1、that (从句是陈述句时,引导词用that ,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省。)2、if或whether (从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ,含义是“是否”。)if、whether 一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether 3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是...

从句的用法有哪些???
important是表示状态的形容词,可用于以it作形式主语替代后面动词不定式(不是动名词)的句式中,这个动词不定式要用主动语态。History chronicles important events of the past.历史记载历代重要的事件。五、land 1、含义:n. 陆地;国土;土地。v. 靠岸;着陆;跌落地面;得到;使靠岸;使着陆。2、用法:...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的用法和句式构成,在线等,急!! -
舌瞿柏子: 主语+谓语+引导词+宾语从句 宾语从句就是用在动词,介词之后的从句部分 引导词(考点所在) A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后.连词that只起连接作用...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的构成和语法使用? -
舌瞿柏子: 主语+谓语+连接词+宾语从句种类 : 1 由that引导的宾语从句---当从句是陈述句时,用that引导宾语从句.在口语和非正式文体中,that可以省略 I know ( that ) you like English . 2 由whether / if 引导的宾语从句---当从句是一般疑问句,选择疑问句或反...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的语法及用途 -
舌瞿柏子: 一、宾语从句的结构是:主句+引导词+从句.二、宾语从句的三要素:1、语序:陈述句语序.2、引导词:1). that (来源是陈述句),口语中可省略.如:He says (that ) he is a student .2). 连接词(来源是特殊句):who / whose / whom ; what...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的用法?
舌瞿柏子:宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一.它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句.宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语.现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下: 一 引导词 A ,由that 引导的陈述句型的宾语从句...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的用法和含义 -
舌瞿柏子: 一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语.根据引导词的不同,宾语从句可分为三类.1. 由that引导的宾语从句.That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可...

道外区13642934988: 初中宾语从句总结(详细)急~~~~宾语从句的用法、结构及解释等详细介绍及归纳,急需~~~~~~~,谢谢! -
舌瞿柏子:[答案] 意义:宾语是一个句子的重要组成部分,它可以由名词,代词,名词短语或句子充当.当由一个句子充当宾语时,我们就叫它为宾语从句.它和主语间由从属连词连接. 1引导词 引导词可分为三类 (1)that引导的宾语从句在句中可常省略 (2)if/whether...

道外区13642934988: 关于英语宾语从句的语法知识有哪些? -
舌瞿柏子:[答案] 宾语从句(The Object Clause)在复合句中作主句的宾语.宾语从句通常由下面一些词引导.1、由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say,think,wish ,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear ,feel等后.连词that...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句构成
舌瞿柏子: 主句+宾语从句(关系代词+从句) 宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后做了宾语.引导宾语从句的连词有:that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why, etc. 各自的意义不变.宾语从句的语序仍然用陈述句语序. For exempli graph: I didn't except that he had broken the glass. 在此句中,that作关系词指代“ha had broken the glass”作主句(即I didn't except)的宾语. 更多内容下午将会继续补充. 如有疑问,欢迎提出!

道外区13642934988: 谁能帮我总结一下宾语从句的用法呀?
舌瞿柏子: 1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略. eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. 2.连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用...

道外区13642934988: 宾语从句的用法和概念 -
舌瞿柏子: 一、宾语从句的定义: 宾语从句顾名思义就是在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.即作及物动词、介词或某些形容词宾语的部分是由句子来充当. 二、引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类即: 1.表示陈述语气用that ,作从句的原句是陈述句...

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