求教两个简单的英语句子，请帮助为什么前面要加上the，以及语法结构，和意思。

英语高一语法和句子结构有哪些？~

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句.1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.(二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连.非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开.1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.(三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom.1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.知识重点与难点(一)当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all, no, only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which.1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time.2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.(二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when, where, why 还有which, that1. I’m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years.2. This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you.3. I think I can understand the reason why he didn’t tell the truth to me.4. No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting.(三)定语从句的简化表达：1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰.其结构和意思如下：1. 被修饰名词+doing短语： 正在做….的人/正在发生的事.2. 被修饰名词+ done短语： 被…..的人/事3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事(1)Do you know the man talking to my sister ?(2)The “crazy” gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.(3)Did you see that car being repaired ?(4)In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.(5)The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.(6)Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.(7)The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river” runs across China like a huge dragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语.1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面.如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面.2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生.V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义.being done表示正在被做的3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的,to be done表示将要被做的【典型例题】[例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people’s lives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. it分析：_____ plays an important role in people’s lives为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Friendship用which连接定语从句.答案：A[例2] Uncle Li _____ I worked three years ago has retired now.A. whoB. whom C. with whomD. to whom分析：_____ I worked three years ago作为定语从句修饰先行词Uncle Li,从句完整的表达是：I worked with Uncle Li three years ago. 所以关系词前应加上介词with.答案：C[例3] Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work ?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained分析：定语从句_____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work修饰先行词the reason指“他在会上就他工作中的粗心解释的原因.先行词在从句中做宾语.答案：A[例4] Teachers, _____ work is rather hard, are being better paid than before.A. who B. that C. whichD. whose分析：非限定性定语从句_____ work is rather hard修饰先行词teachers, 它与从句中的work是从属关系,关系词用whose答案：D[例5 ] The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 BC, didn’t included women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing分析：公元前776年被首次举行的奥运会,直到1912年才容纳女运动员._____in 776 BC做定语修饰The Olympic Games,指过去的内容,表示被动.用done做定语.答案：C[例6] The houses _____ for the teachers and the construction work will start soon.A. built B. to be built C. to buildD. being built分析：根据句意房子即将开工._____ for the teachers and the construction work修饰The houses应为The houses The houses将要为教师和施工修建的房子.答案：B[例7] How many of us_____, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A. attendedB. attendingC. to attendD. have attended分析：根据句意：比如说,我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语.与全句动作同步.答案：B[例8] She has three children, _____ is working in Australia.A. whoB. one of whom C. one of them D. none of them分析：非限定性定语从句__ is working in Australia修饰先行词three children,根据从句中的is判断,是说：三个孩子中的一个在澳大利亚工作.答案：B【模拟试题】1. Susan is the very girl _____ the good deed.A. whom I think didB. whom I think she didC. who I think didD. I think who did2. Luckily, the poor boy had enough money _____ he could buy a train ticket.A. by whichB. on whichC. with whichD. for which3. The book _____ he devoted much time is to come out next month.A. whereB. whichC. to whichD. on which4. The day came finally _____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play.A. whenB. in that C. whichD. in which5. 1. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.A. being discussedB. discussedC. to be discussedD. to discuss6. The food _____ at the moment is for the dinner party.A. cookedB. to be cooked C. is being cookedD. being cooked7. Do you know the teacher _____ under the big tree ?A. readB. readsC. readingD. being read【试题答案】1. C Susan 正是我认为作了好事的那位女孩.先行词the very girl在从句中做think的宾语,同时又是后面宾语从句did the good deed.的主语,所以关系词不能用whom2. C 定语从句_____ he could buy a train ticket.修饰先行词money：用这笔钱买火车票.关系词前面需要加介词：with3. C定语从句_____ he devoted much time意思是：他把大量的时间都投入在这本书上了.devote….to sth.关系词前加介词：to4. A 定语从句_____ I was given an opportunity to act in the play修饰先行词the day ：先行词the day在从句中做时间状语：在这一天我得到了扮演一个角色的机会.5. C 短语_____ tomorrow做定语修饰the question,根据表达的内容：明天即将被讨论的问题.应当用不定式的被动结构做定语.6. D 短语_____ at the moment做the food的定语,表示：正在做的食物.Being done 做定语表示：正在被……的…….7. C 现在分词短语reading under the big tree做定语修饰the teacher 表示：正在大树下看书的那位老师.情态动词1. 情态动词的推测表达2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法知识重点与难点总结知识重点：情态动词在表达推测意义的句子中的运用：(一)用情态动词表达事实的推测.can,could,might,may,must可以用来表达对事实的推测.根据说话人对事实的把握性大小,must表示“肯定…”,may / might / can / could表示“可能……”, must只用于肯定句中,may / might的否定式may not / might not表示 “可能不……”, 而can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能……吗?”,其否定式can’t / couldn’t 表示“不可能”.用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行推测.对不同的时间内容推测有不同的结构.(二)对现在的事实进行推测：主要结构：…must / may / might +动词原形be+名词/形容词/介词短语be + doing例句：1. You must be Jeanne. I’m Mathilde Loisel. We used to know each other very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night.3. The teacher must be joking.4. Freda isn’t in class. She must be sick.5. There must be something wrong.6. She might be very clever, but she hasn’t got much common sense.7. He may be arriving this evening.8. He may be traveling around the world.9. The keys can’t be in the room. I have just searched it very carefully.10. Can the news be true ?(三)对过去的事实进行推测：结构：情态动词+have done / been+名词/形容词/介词短语例句：1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth.2. He couldn’t have seen Anna yesterday. She’s gone abroad.3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library.4. He might have overslept again.5. Where can Tom have gone ?情态动词表达虚拟语气：表达“本来…”,“不然早就…”.这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法.表示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反.表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气.其结构是在一些情态动词后面加 have done 结构.根据要表达的意思

这些句子没有什么复杂的内容，我感觉是你想多了，自己把自己绕进去了。而且可以看出你在被动语态方面有很大欠缺，对被动语态的理解很生疏。

第一个句子，这显然是过去进行时啊，你都已经看出来了嘛~being是因为存在被动语态啊。我正在被测试，我和测试时被动关系，当然就要用被动语态。

第二个，两个都是过去完成时，只不过第一个是被动语态，第二个是普通的过去完成时而已。I 和 ask是一个被动关系，我是被问的，所以要用被动语态。

第三个，这里不是时态的问题了，这是一个非谓语动词的问题。after是一个介词，介词后面要用动词的现在分词，也就是-ing形式，这是条不变的死规律。而至于后面的have been instructed，这里的意思是已经被指导...，这里还是被动语态，instructed和 I 是被动关系，我是被指导的，所以要用被动语态，而且这里表示一个已经完成的动作，所以是借用了完成时的形式。实际上after一句是做了整个句子的时间状语从句，表示”在已经被指导开车驶出城之后“。

第四个，I had passed，是一个过去完成时，was beginning是过去进行时，这个都没什么可说的

第五个，这里不是be + 动词过去式，这里是be+过去分词！！过去分词和过去式是不一样的，虽然很多词的这两种形式是相同的，但他们的用法很大不同。过去分词，很多时候会转化为一个形容词性的词语来使用，就像这里的pleased，意思是高兴的。同样现在分词有时也会转为形容词来使用。比如很经典的interested和interesting，这都是动词转化为形容词的例子。这不是个时态问题！

第六个，has gone wrong，这里go wrong的意思是出问题，出差错，出故障。然后这个词组的完成时就是has gone wrong了呗，就这么简单。

第七个，这跟第五个是一回事，这根本就是个主系表的句式，没有什么时态问题，这个句子跟I was good这样简单的句子是一模一样的类型。

你对于英语当中一些基本概念有很大的误区。不知道你是怎么理解时态的。时态嘛，就是表示时间状态的，表示了时间状态就完了，没有别的内容了。而且你不理解被动语态是什么东西，看到被动语态根本就没法辨识出来，这样可不行。被动语态就一种形式，就是be + 过去分词，就这么简单，然后再不同的时态当中，对be进行相应的时态变化。这就是被动语态了。比如第一句，其实就是个简单的被动语态am tested，但是这里整句时态使用了过去进行时，直接把am按照过去进行时进行形式变化，am/is/are的现在分词都是being，所以这里就成了was being tested，这就完了嘛。你把两个内容混淆了，自然就乱了。其实说白了还是两个内容都没理解。

这里想死记硬背是不可能的。哪里有死记硬背时态的，那样不可能学好。其实时态很简单，从大的分类上来说，时间线上的分类：过去，现在，将来；形式上的分类：一般，完成，进行。这样两两交叉结合，就出现了九种时态：一般过去时，一般现在时，一般将来时；过去完成时，现在完成时，将来完成时；过去进行时，现在进行时，将来进行时。这是基本的九种时态。而这两两结合，也把它们各自的形式结合，就完了。

上边的几个分类中，“过去“的形式就是动词的过去式，现在的形式是动词原型和单三，将来的形式是will或者be going to。”一般“的形式就是什么也没有，完成的形式就是have + 过去分词，进行的形式就是be+ 现在分词。两两结合之后，把各自的形式也结合起来，就是结合后的时态了。

当然，除了上述九种时态之外，还有一些特殊的时态，比如”过去将来时“，”现在完成进行时“等等，各自有各自的特殊用途。

至于时态的选择，只有一个原则，就是该用什么用什么。比如你一句话整体是描述一个过去的故事，然后在这个故事里面，有人正在做什么事情，那自然就是过去进行时了。再比如你平平常常地讲述一个故事，这个故事里面有人说第二天要去游泳，那这里就是一般将来时了，就是I will go swimming。就这么简单，有什么难的。

再往下说，还有一些时态的”标志“。这些就记住就好了，就好像背九九乘法表一样，这也没什么难度吧

其实就是你自己没把时态和被动语态这两个知识点理解透彻，然后混淆了，然后就乱了。再好好把这些理解一下，不要死记硬背，一点用都没有。

关于被动语态，我曾经回答过另外一个问题，说的蛮详细，你参考一下：
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/464521091?&oldq=1

在这句话中，the average American意思是普通的美国人，类似用法还有the average person普通人。比如：I'm not the average person.我不是个普通人。用average表示普通的标准的意思的时候,前面必须有个the,以同其他层次相区别。比如人，分为三教九流，特别出众或者特别愚笨的，那么普通人就是其中的the average

第二个The的解释就更简单了。 courage to try something new是特指的美国人的很多种个性之一，所以前面要有the.

整句话的意思是: 普通的美国人在他的生活中要搬14次家。勇于尝试新事物是从他们祖先建设国家的过程中流传下的美国人的性格特质。

语法结构：
前一句The average Amercian moves 14 times in his lifetime.是一个简单句，主语the average Amercian,谓语moves,宾语14 times,时间状语in his lifetime
后一句的框架结构是：The courage has been an American characteristic.
to try something new 是不定式，修饰主语courage，放在其后作后置定语
ever since their forefathers fought to build up the country----这是时间状语从句。第二句的主句是一般现在时，以ever since引导的时间状语从句要用过去时，表示从过去某个时间开始到现在怎么样。

满意请按采纳键。

美国人平均要在他们的生命里搬家十四次。他们去尝试新事物的勇气是他们的特点，因为他们的祖先以前则是这样奋斗着建造了他们这个国家。

前面那句话是错的 应该是 The American move averagely 14 times in their lifetime。 要改成复数 把average也要改成副词

第一句话The 不加是可以的
但是第二句话要加the表示特质这个勇气 因为后面跟了定语‘to try something new’

• 加上 the 就是特指，如：the man 就是指双方都懂的人。如果 the 后面接的是形容词指的就是一类人，如：the old 老人  

• 这两句话的翻译：每个美国人在他的一生中平均移居14次。 自从他们的祖先们建立这个国家（美国）后，勇敢的去尝试新的事物成为了每一个美国人的特性。 

• 第一句的语法结构：The average American 是主语，moves是谓语，而剩下的那几个单词就是补足语，补充说明。
  

• 第二句：The courage to try something new 是主语，has been 是本局的谓语，an American characteristic是宾语。ever since相当于连词，后半句的主语是their forefathers,谓语是 fought to build up, the country 是宾语。  这一整句都是遵循主+谓+宾的结构。
  

这是定冠的典型用法，因为这里的average和courage都是特指。

Please add the punctuations.

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红花岗区18632395296： 求两个英语短语句子~make a suggestion,make a plan,make a speech,make a change make a decision 从上面的短语任选两个,各造两个简单英语句子~ - ？
绽扶小儿：[答案] He made a decision to finish that work.We are making a plan on study.

红花岗区18632395296： 帮忙汉译英两个简单的句子,谢谢第一句是孔子说的“吾十有五至于学,三十而立,四十不惑,五十而知天命”第二句是,“当一个人老去后会有两种事情... - ？
绽扶小儿：[答案] 这个要很高的水平诶 你去网上找找看 应该有翻译论语(THE ANALECT OF CONFUCIUS)的 第二句:ONE USUALLY REGRETS FOR TWO KINDS OF THINGS WHEN GROWING OLDER--ONE IS FOR HIS MISTAKES AND THE OTHER IS WHAT ...

红花岗区18632395296： 英语达人请进,求教两个句子~ - ？
绽扶小儿： 1.如果是对现在事实相反,从句用动词过去式(be动词过去式一般用were) 我觉得这么改:If the dialect was kept from daily use,the culture would be broken,which would also be a gr...