the tyger的赏析（格律、基调、主题。。。）谢谢~！
William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. His prophetic poetry has been said to form "what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English language". His visual artistry has led one modern critic to proclaim him "far and away the greatest artist Britain has ever produced". Although he only once journeyed farther than a day's walk outside London during his lifetime, he produced a diverse and symbolically rich corpus, which embraced the imagination as "the body of God", or "Human existence itself".
Considered mad by contemporaries for his idiosyncratic views, Blake is held in high regard by later critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work. His paintings and poetry have been characterized as part of both the Romantic movement and "Pre-Romantic", for its large appearance in the 18th century. Reverent of the Bible but hostile to the Church of England, Blake was influenced by the ideals and ambitions of the French and American revolutions,as well as by such thinkers as Jacob Boehme and Emanuel Swedenborg.
Despite these known influences, the singularity of Blake's work makes him difficult to classify. The 19th century scholar William Rossetti characterised Blake as a "glorious luminary," and as "a man not forestalled by predecessors, nor to be classed with contemporaries, nor to be replaced by known or readily surmisable successors."
Historian Peter Marshall has classified Blake as one of the forerunners of modern anarchism, along with Blake's contemporary William Godwin.
Tyger, tyger, burning bright
老虎！老虎！黑夜的森林中
In the forests of the night,
燃烧着的煌煌的火光，
What immortal hand or eye
是怎样的神手或天眼
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
造出了你这样的威武堂堂？
In what distant deeps or skies
你炯炯的两眼中的火
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
燃烧在多远的天空或深渊？
On what wings dare he aspire?
他乘着怎样的翅膀搏击？
What the hand dare seize the fire?
用怎样的手夺来火焰？
And what shoulder and what art
又是怎样的膂力，怎样的技巧，
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
把你的心脏的筋肉捏成？
And, when thy heart began to beat,
当你的心脏开始搏动时，
What dread hand and what dread feet?
使用怎样猛的手腕和脚胫？
What the hammer? what the chain?
是怎样的槌？怎样的链子？
In what furnace was thy brain?
在怎样的熔炉中炼成你的脑筋？
What the anvil? what dread grasp
是怎样的铁砧？
Dare its deadly terrors clasp?
怎样的铁臂
When the stars threw down their spears,
群星投下了他们的投枪。
And watered heaven with their tears,
用它们的眼泪润湿了穹苍，
Did He smile His work to see?
他是否微笑着欣赏他的作品？
Did He who made the lamb make thee?
他创造了你，也创造了羔羊？
Tyger, tyger, burning bright
老虎！老虎！黑夜的森林中
In the forests of the night,
燃 烧 着 的 煌煌 的 火光，
What immortal hand or eye
是 怎样 的神手 或 天眼
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?
造出 了 你这样 的 威武堂堂？
你好，《虎》是威廉·布莱克诗集《天真与经验之歌》中象征性很强的革命抒情诗。它热情赞扬了老虎的形象，对于创造老虎这一形体的劳动过程作了高度的评价和尽情的讴歌。
看不清可以点击图片放大
希望可以帮到您
诗以高度凝结的语言表达着人们的喜怒哀乐，用其特有的节奏与方式影响着人们的精神世界。诗讲究联想，运用象征、比喻、拟人等各种修辞手法，形成了独特的语言艺术。
一、 诗的格律
“格律是指可以用脚打拍子的节奏”，是每个音步轻重音节排列的格式，也是朗读时轻重音的依据。而音步是由重读音节和非重读音节构成的诗的分析单位。重读音节为扬（重），在音节上用“－”或“ˊ”标示，非重读音节为抑（轻），在音节上用“︶”标示，音步之间可用“／”隔开。以下是五种常见格式：
1. 抑扬格（轻重格）Iambus：是最常见的一种格式，每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。
As fair / art thou / my bon/nie lass，
So deep / in luve / am I ：
And I / will luve / thee still，/ my dear，
Till a` / the seas / gang dry：
Robert Burns（1759-1796）： My Luve Is like a Red， Red Rose
注；art=are luve=love bonnie=beautiful a`=all gang=go
上例中为四音步与三音步交叉，可标示为：︶－／︶－／︶－／（︶－）
2.扬抑格（重轻格）Trochee：每个音步由一个重读音节加一个非重读音节构成。
下例中为四音步扬抑格（少一个轻音节），可标示为：－︶／－︶／－︶／－
Tyger！/ Tyger！/ burning / bright
In the / forests / of the / night
William Blake： The Tyger
3. 抑抑扬格（轻轻重格）Anapaestic foot： 每个音步由两个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。如：三音步抑抑扬格︶︶－／︶︶－／︶︶－
Like a child / from the womb，
Like a ghost / from the tomb，
I arise / and unbuild / it again.
4. 扬抑抑格（重轻轻格）Dactylic foot： 每个音步由一个重读音节加两个非重读音节构成。如：两音步扬抑抑格－︶︶／－︶︶
ˊTouch her not / ˊscornfully，
ˊThink of her / ˊmournfully.
- Thomas Hood
5. 抑扬抑格（轻重轻格）Amphibrach：每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节再加一个非重读音节构成。如：三音步抑扬抑格︶－︶／︶－︶／︶－︶下例中最后一个音步为抑扬格。
O ˊhush thee / my ˊbabie / thy ˊsire was / a knight.
在同一首诗中常会出现不同的格律，格律解析对朗读诗歌有一定参考价值。现代诗中常不遵守规范的格律。
二、 诗的押韵
押韵是指通过重复元音或辅音以达到一定音韵效果的诗歌写作手法。
1. 尾韵：最常见，最重要的押韵方式。
1） 联韵：aabb型。
I shot an arrow into the air，
It fell to earth， I knew not where；
For， so swiftly it flew， the sight
Could not follow it in its flight.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow： The Arrow and the Song
2） 交叉韵：abab型。
Sunset and evening star，
And one clear call for me！
And may there be no moaning of the bar，
When I put out to sea，
Alfred Tennyson（1809-1892）： Crossing the Bar
3） 同韵：有的诗押韵，一韵到底，大多是在同一节诗中共用一个韵脚。
如下例就共用／i：p／为韵脚。
The woods are lovely， dark and deep，
But I have promises to keep，
And miles to go before I sleep，
And miles to go before I sleep.
Robert Frost （1874-1963）： Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
2. 头韵：是指一行（节）诗中几个词开头的辅音相同，形成押韵。下例中运用／f／、／b／与／s／头韵生动写出了船在海上轻快航行的景象。
The fair breeze blew， the white foam flew，
The furrow followed free，
We were the first that ever burst
Into that silent sea.
T.S. Coleridge： Rime of the Acient Mariner
3.内韵（同元音）：指词与词之间原因的重复形成的内部押韵。
下面一节诗中／i／及／iη／重复照应，呈现出一派欢乐祥和的气氛。
Spring， the sweet spring， is the year‘s pleasant king；
Then blooms each thing， then maids dance in a ring，
Cold dath not sting， the pretty birds do sing：
Cuckoo，jug-jug，pu-we，to-witta-woo！
Thomas Nashe（1567-1601）： Spring， the Sweet Spring
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