her+mother+works+in+a+library.分析句子成分？

英语句子成分分析，每种还要举至少5个例子，详解各个单词在该句中做什么成分。~

版本一
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）
We often speak English in class.（代词）
One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）
Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）
The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）
It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）

（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.

（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：
Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）
Is it yours?（代词）
The weather has turned cold.（形容词）
The speech is exciting.（分词）
Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）
His job is to teach English.（不定式）
His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）
The machine must be out of order.（介词短语）
Time is up. The class is over.（副词）
The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）

（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：
They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）
The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词）
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）
He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）
I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）
I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）

宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.

（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：
His father named him Dongming.（名词）
They painted their boat white.（形容词）
Let the fresh air in.（副词）
You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）
We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）
We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）
We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）

（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：
Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词）
There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词）
His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词）
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词）
He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）

（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）
He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）
Wait a minute.（名词）
Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）

状语种类如下：
How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）
Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）
She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）
I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
练习一
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. He found it important to master English.
14. Do you have anything else to say?
15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell me your address?
17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
19. He noticed a man enter the room.
20. The apples tasted sweet.
二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：
I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.
三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：
Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It's great! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents.
四、选择填空：
( )1. ____ will leave for Beijing.
A. Now there the man B. The man here now
C. The man who is here now D. The man is here now
( ) 2. The weather ____.
A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold
( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.
A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet
( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.
A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter
( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.
A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded
( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.
A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we
( )7. He found the street much ______.
A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly
( ) 8.I think _____necessary to learn English well.
A. its B. it C. that D. that is
( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.
A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked
( )10.I will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.
A. that B. when C. in which D. where

句子结构
简单句的五个基本句型
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches.
主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 She likes English.
主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语 She is happy．
主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 She gave John a book She bought a book for me.
主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry．
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
（ There +be There lies a book on the desk. ）
分析下列句子成分
1. Our school is not far from my home.
2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you
3. All of us considered him honest.
4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.
5. He broke a piece of glass.
6. He made it clear that he would leave the city．
7. ---I love you more than her，child ．
8. Tees turn green when spring comes.
9. They pushed the door open.
10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
12. All the students think highly of his teaching
13. We need a place twice larger than this one.
14. He asked us to sing an English song.
15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．
16.We will make our school more beautiful.
17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．
18. She showed us her many of her pictures.
19. The old man lives a lonely life.
20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.
21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．
22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．
23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfill it this month.
24. Go back where you came from.
25. We must do whatever the people want us to do.
26. At last he got home, tired and hungry.
27. Would you please pass me the cup?
28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher.
29. Do you know the latest news about him?
30. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow.

首先要问你一下，你英语中的十大词类都知道吗？不知道的话先了解一下十大词类，因为分析句子成分和句型时要说到那些词可以充当句子的什么成分，如动词充当谓语，形容词一般是定语，等等。下面是我个人从网上找的一些，看看吧，希望对你有帮助，高三了，加油！！！！！
五种基本句型
句子成分：
主语(subject)，主语由名词、名词短语或代词构成。在主动句，它表示“谁”或“什么”做这个动作；在被动句中，它表示“谁”或“什么”受到了动作的影响。
You worry too much at times.
A year is divided into 12 different starsigns.
2.谓语(predicate)，谓语主要有动词和描述主语以外的其他成分。
You like me.
表语(predicative)，表语是跟在系动词后面的形容词、短语或名词词组。
You are strong.
The music sounds beautiful.
宾语(object)：
直接宾语(direct object)，直接宾语由名词或代词充当。它所指的是被谓语直接影响的人或物。
You enjoy life. / You have manyfriends.
间接宾语(indirect object)，指的是谓语没有直接做的一个人（事）或一群人（事）
She is showing me an article.
He bought his friends nice gifts.
宾语补足语(object complement)，宾语补足语可以使形容词、名词词组或名词，它用来说明或描述句子的宾语。
We call her Xi Wang. / This problem made me unhappy.
定语(attribute)，定语是由名词词组和形容词词组来充当，放在名词前并修饰它。
I was reading the school newspaper.
You are a hard-working person.
状语(adverbial)，状语由副词短语、介词短语或名词短语来充当。它给我们更多信息，例如动作是怎么样、何时、何地发生的。
You do not give up easily.
You are selfish at times.


五种基本句型：
1. S+V, 主（语）＋谓（语），
能做谓语的在十大词类中只有一种词类：动词，也就是说只用动词具有作谓语的“专利”，所以我们往往把“谓语”和“动词”连在一起叫做“谓语动词”。虽然主语是“头把交椅”，但是谓语是一个句子中最重要的成分，一个句子可以缺少主语，但是谓语是不能少的。
对于什么是及物动词和不及物动词也是同学们常问到的问题，对于这两个“东东”的认识，我们还是来看看语法专著上是怎么解释的：有些动词后面通常直接跟用作宾语的名词或代词。在语法上，这些动词成为“及物动词”，有些动词后面通常不直接跟宾语，这些动词成为“不及物动词”，

例如：I likeEnglish .其中的 like 是及物动词，为什么这么说呢？因为它后面直接跟了个宾语 English,如果它后面不跟English的话，句子含义就不完整，你到底喜欢什么呢，好像话没说完似的，所以说及物动词后面必须带宾语。
He often swims in the river(他经常在河里游泳)，其中的swims 是不及物动词，为什么呢？应为它后面没带宾语，说他游泳句子意思已经表达很清楚完整了，没必要再加宾语了，你说还游泳个什么？有的要说了，那 in the river 在这里不就是宾语嘛，NO! 它在这儿不是宾语，因为它不可能作为“游泳”的对象，那它会是什么呢？实际上，in the river 在这里是状语的，而且是表示地点的状语。又有疑问了，那啥是状语呀？

2.S+V+P,主系表结构
这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：
A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem,appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如：
8) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚。
9) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.
B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get,grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如：
10) Springcomes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
11) Don't havethe food. _______________________________.
不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。
12) The fact__________ ___________. 这个事实证明是正确的。


3.S+V+O, 主语＋谓语＋宾语
此句型是由三部分组成，主语、谓语、宾语。 需要注意的是：动词后面接名词或代词作宾语对所有及物动词都行得通的，但并不是所有的及物动词后面都可以接动词不定式或动名词。这里有三种情况：
其一、有些动词后面只可以接动词不定式，
其二、有些动词后面只可以接动名词，
其三、有些动词两者都可以接,
记忆这些单词的用法的秘诀如下：
秘诀之一：下面的动词后面只可以接动名词，一句话要决记之：
“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃)
mind（介意）、miss（错过）、enjoy（喜欢）、give up（放弃）、admit（承认）、avoid（避免）、finish（完成）、escape（逃脱）、practice（练习）、suggest(建议)
秘诀之二：下面的动词后面只可以接动词不定式,一句话要诀记之：
“要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。”
A.要求，想要，希望(want、wish、hope、expect、intend、)
B.同意(agree、promise) C.意愿(care、refuse)
D.决定，企图(determine、decide、offer、attempt、try、manage)

练习：
一 判断下列句子是主谓结构还是主谓宾结构
1．He arrived yesterday. 2. The boy iscrying loudly.
3. She died in 2000. 4. The man disappeared in the street.
5. I like music. 6. She wanted some help
7. I slept well last night. 8. Ibuilt a house last year.
9. I bought a computer in the street
yesterday 10. Tom often swims
in the river
11. My sister works in that factory. 12. The sun is rising.

4.S+V+O1+O2, 主语＋谓语＋宾语（somebody）＋宾语(something)
这个句型比上面的句型多了个宾语，谓语后面已经是两个宾语了，那么谓语动词是及物动词是必定无疑了。这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语（直接宾语+直接宾语），
例如
Lend me your dictionary, please.
如果你还是搞不清楚什么是双宾语,记下下面这个句子: give me a book.一人一物做宾语就是双宾语.说得明白一点,这里的“双”就是两个的意思.。此句型的关键是记住哪些动词后面要接双宾语，因为并不是所有的及物动词后面都可以接宾语的，只有少数的动词。此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语：前一个宾语称为"间接宾语"，多由代词或名词充当；后一个宾语称为"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当。这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。（所有能带双宾语的动词含义的内核含有一个“给”字。常见的这类谓语动词有：
bring(带给某人……), bring somebody something
tell(告诉某人……), tell somebody something
send(送给某人……), send somebody something
leave(留给某人……), leave somebody something
pass(递给某人……), pass somebody something
read(给某人读……), read somebody something
write(给某人写……), write somebody something
take(给某人拿……), take somebody something
show(给某人看……), show somebody something
teach(教给某人……), teach somebody something
get(给某人弄到……), get somebody something
lend(借给某人……), lend somebody something
buy(给某人买……)，buy somebody something
pay(支付给某人……), pay somebody something
hand(递给某人……) ,hand somebody something
例如：
She brought me a shirt .她给我带来一件衬衣。
Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他。
I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了。

5. S+V+O+C, 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语
这个句型在有的语法书上又叫做主语＋谓语＋复合宾语，这里的复合宾语=宾语＋宾语补足语，这里又新增加一个“东东”：宾语补足语。
说起宾语补足语来，我们先从初中你熟悉的三个句型说起
ask somebody to do something （邀请某人做某事）
tell somebody to do something （告诉某人做某事）
want somebody to do something （要求某人做某事）
我们再看由这三个句型构成的例句：
1、 I asked him to have dinner.
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
2.
He told me
to clean the room.
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
3、 Tom wanted me to meet him .
谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
我们看第一个句子，我邀请他吃饭，他（him）是作邀请（asked）的宾语，如果后面没有to have dinner ，句子意思就不完整，我邀请他，干什么呢？没说清楚，于是就有 tohave dinner 来帮助说清楚，是吃饭的，在这里的to have dinner 就是宾语补足语，这是动词不定式短语作宾补。
（你又在疑惑什么是动词不定式短语呢？大家知道，to do 是动词不定式，但是如果动词不定式中的动词带有宾语或者动词不定式中的动词有副词来修饰，这时的动词不定式就成为不定式短语了。比如 to do something 就是动词不定式短语，换句话说：这里 to have(动词不定式) to have dinner（动词不定式短语）。又比如：to run是动词不定式to runfast 是动词不定式短语）。
实际上，能够作宾补的有很多，我们这里只学习几种常见的：doing \不带to的动词不定式\介词短语\形容词等等。
1、I saw a thief stealing something. (我看到一个贼正在偷东西)
2、He made me gohome (他让我回家)
3、Her mother kept her in the room . (她的妈妈让她待在房间里)
此句型的关键是记住那些动词后面是跟什么样的宾补。比如：我们可以说 ask somebody to do something (to do something 作宾补)我们就不能说 ask somebodydoing something 换句话说，到底是跟动词不定式作宾补还是doing 作宾补是某些动词的“专利权”，不可侵犯。
下面我给大家想办法记住动词后面是跟什么样的宾补：
首先，哪些动词后面是跟带to的动词不定式（动词不定式可以分为带to的动词不定式和不带to的不定式两种，不带to的不定式实际上就是动词原形）作宾补的。
主要有： order somebody to do something
want somebody to do something
tell somebody to do something
invite somebody to do something
ask somebody to do something
beg somebody to do something
我们可以按照语气的强弱来记忆这几个单词：命令＞要求＞告诉＞邀请＞请求＞乞求
此外，还有
advise somebody to do something, allow
somebody to do something
warn somebody to do something, teach somebody to do something

征稿

什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。

句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下：

一：S V （主＋谓）

二：S V P （主＋系＋表）

三：S V O （主＋谓＋宾）

四：S V o O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

五：S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

一、S V （主＋谓）

主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！

谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S │ V （不及物动词）

1. The sun │ was shining.太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │ rose. 月亮升起了。

3. The universe │ remains. 宇宙长存。

4. We all │ breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │ cares? 管它呢？

6. What he said │ does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. They │ talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. The pen │ writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

二、S V P （主＋系＋表）

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well面色好，sound nice听起来不错，feel good感觉好，smell bad难闻。

S │V（是系动词）│ P

1. This │ is │ an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。

2. The dinner │ smells │ good. 这顿饭闻起来好香。

3. He │ fell │ in love. 他坠入了情网。

4. Everything │ looks │ different. 一切看起来都不同了。

5. He │ is growing │ tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮

6. The trouble │ is │ that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。

7. Our well │ has gone │ dry. 我们的井干涸了。

8. His face │ turned │ red. 他的脸红了。

There be 结构：There be 表示“存在有”。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示“（存在）有某事物” 。

试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）

前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词“那里”。

三、S V O （主＋谓＋宾）

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是“代词宾格”，如：me，him，them等。

S │V（及物动词）│ O

1. Who │ knows │ the answer? 谁知道答案？

2. She │ smiled │ her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。

3. He │ has refused │ to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。

4. He │ enjoys │ reading. 他喜欢看书。

5. They │ ate │ what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。

6. He │ said │ "Good morning." 他说："早上好！"

7. I │ want │ to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。

8. He │ admits │ that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。

四、S V o O（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea, please.

强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如：Show this house to Mr.Smith.

若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me, please.

S │V（及物）│ o（多指人） │ O（多指物）

1. She │ ordered │ herself │ a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

2. She │ cooked │ her husband │ a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。

3. He │ brought │ you │ a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。

4. He │ denies │ her │ nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。

5. I │ showed │ him │ my pictures. 我给他看我的照片

6. I │ gave │ my car │ a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。

7. I │ told │ him │ that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。

8. He │ showed │ me │ how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。

五、S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）

此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。

宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。

名词/代词宾格 + 名词

The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士.

名词/代词宾格 + 形容词

New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松.

名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语

I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作.

名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式

The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户.

名词/代词宾格 + 分词

I saw a cat running across the road.我看见一只猫跑过了马路.

S │V（及物）│ O（宾语） │ C（宾补）

1. They │ appointed │ him │ manager. 他们任命他当经理。

2. They │ painted │ the door │ green. 他们把门漆成绿色

3. This │ set │ them │ thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。

4. They │ found │ the house │ deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。

5. What │ makes │ him │ think so? 他怎么会这样想？

6. We │ saw │ him │ out. 我们送他出去

7. He │ asked │ me │ to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。

8. I │ saw │ them │ getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。

六、补充学习

定语、状语、同位语、独立成分、分词独立结构

但常用的英语句子并不像基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语。

1.定语：定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语，从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。

形容词作定语：

The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）

小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。

Tom is a handsome boy. 汤姆是个英俊的男孩。

There is a good boy. 有个好男孩。

数词作定语相当于形容词：

Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔。

The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生。

There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩。

代词或名词所有格作定语：

His boy needs Tom's pen.他的儿子需要汤姆的钢笔。

His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆。

There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有汤姆家的两个男孩。

介词短语作定语：

The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。

The boy in blue is Tom.穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。

There are two boys of 9, and three of 10. 有两个9岁的、三个10岁的男孩。

名词作定语：

The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔。

It is a ball pen.这是一支圆珠笔。

There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.这个铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。

副词作定语：

The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。

不定式作定语：

The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。

There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做。

分词（短语）作定语：

The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。

The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的。

There are five boys left.还剩下五个男孩。

定语从句：

The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。

The boy you will know is Tom.你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。

There are five boys who will play the game.参加游戏的男孩有五个。

2.状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。

状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。

有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意，如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成“男孩喊教室里的女孩”（此时in the classroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为“男孩在教室里喊女孩”（此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写作“In the classroom, the boy calls the girl.”

副词（短语）作状语：

The boy needs a pen very much. 男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother. 男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。（宾语较长则状语前置）

The boy really needs a pen. 男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

The boy needs a pen now. /Now, the boy needs a pen. /The boy, now, needs a pen. 男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语）

介词短语作状语：

In the classroom, the boy needs a pen.在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）

Before his mother, Tom is always a boy.在母亲面前，汤姆总是个孩子。(条件状语)

On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. 星期天，教室里没有学生。(时间状语)

分词（短语）作状语：

He sits there, asking for a pen. 他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）

Having to finish his homework, the boy needs a pen. 因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）

Frightened, he sits there soundlessly.（因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）

不定式作状语：

The boy needs a pen to do his homework. 男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语）

To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business. 为实现梦想，汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣。

名词作状语：

Come this way! 走这条路！（方向状语）

状语从句：

时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句

3.同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：

We students should study hard. (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批“学生”）

We all are students. (all是we的同位语，都指同样的“我们”）

4.独立成分：有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句子独立成分(注意：区别于分词独立结构)。

感叹词：oh, hello, aha, ah,等。

肯定词：yes

否定词：no

称呼语：称呼人的用语。

插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。

如：The story, I think, has never come to the end.我相信，这个故事还远没结束。

情态词：表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语），perhaps也许，maybe大概，acturely实际上，certainly当然，等。

5.分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。

— END —

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万贴康宁： 第三人称后面的谓语都要用复数形式哦,也就是加“s”或“es”. works和teaches

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万贴康宁： kate is a student whose mother works in a hospital.

路南区18970447780： Her mother———in a hispital .But she———there these days. Aworks ,isn'tworking Bworks, - ？
万贴康宁： A第一空:主语第三人称单数,谓语动词要加S; 第二空根据THESE DAYS 可知用现在进行时IS WORKING ,否定形式是isn't working如果不明白,请再问;如果对你有所帮助,请点击本页面中的“选为满意回答”按钮,谢谢!

路南区18970447780： “她妈妈在一家银行上班、每天都开车去上班、约15分钟”翻译成英文.谢谢! - ？
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万贴康宁： 写is,her mother要使用第三人称单数.

路南区18970447780： her father works in a school改成一般疑问句,在回答.还有Her mother is a nurseshe goes to work bu carher sister ann watches cartoons on TV然后叫我怎么改... - ？
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