龙门石窟的英文介绍

洛阳龙门石窟的英文介绍~

The gate grottoes were excavated during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
the grottoes were constructed on a large scale for more than 400 years in succession in the Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Song Dynasties.
The length of the Grottoes is 1 kilometer in the north and south. There are now 2345 grottoes, more than 100,000 statues and more than 200 inscriptions on tablets.
Among them, "twenty products of Longmen" is the essence of calligraphy and Wei tablet. Zhu Suiliang's book "the monument of Yi Gu Shrine" is a model of regular script art .
Longmen Grottoes lasted for a long time and spanned many dynasties.
With a large number of physical images and literary materials.
they reflected the development and changes of ancient Chinese politics, economy, religion, culture and many other fields.
and made great contributions to the innovation and development of Chinese grotto art. In 2000, it was listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
译文：
门石窟开凿于北魏孝文帝年间，之后历经东魏、西魏、北齐、隋、唐、五代、宋等朝代连续大规模营造达400余年之久，南北长达1公里，今存有窟龛2345个，造像10万余尊，碑刻题记2800余品。其中“龙门二十品”是书法魏碑精华，褚遂良所书的“伊阙佛龛之碑”则是初唐楷书艺术的典范。
龙门石窟延续时间长，跨越朝代多，以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新与发展做出了重大贡献。2000年被联合国科教文组织列为世界文化遗产。

扩展资料：
龙门石窟是北魏、唐代皇家贵族发愿造像最集中的地方，是皇家意志和行为的体现，具有浓厚的国家宗教色彩。两朝的造像反映出迥然不同的时代风格，北魏造像在这里失去了云冈石窟造像粗犷、威严、雄健的特征，而生活气息逐渐变浓，趋向活泼、清秀、温和。
这些北魏造像，脸部瘦长，双肩瘦削，胸部平直，衣纹的雕刻使用平直刀法，坚劲质朴。在北魏时期雕凿的众多洞窟中，以古阳洞、宾阳中洞和莲花洞、石窟寺这几个洞窟最有代表价值。
其中古阳洞集中了北魏迁都洛阳初期的一批皇室贵族和宫廷大臣的造像，典型地反映出北魏王朝举国崇佛的历史情态。这些形制瑰异、琳琅满目的石刻艺术品，是中国传统文化与域外文明交汇融合的珍贵记录。
参考资料来源：百度百科-龙门石窟

The Longmen Grottoes (ch. 龙门石窟, lóngmén shíkū; lit. Dragon's Gate Grottoes) or Longmen Caves are located 12 km south of present day Luòyáng in Hénán province, China. The grottoes, which overwhelmingly depict Buddhist subjects, are densely dotted along the two mountains: Xiangshan (to the east) and Longmenshan (to the west). The Yi River flows northward between them. For this reason, the area used to be called Yique (The Gate of the Yi River). From north to south, the distance covered by grottoes is about one km. Along with the Mogao Caves and Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Grottoes are one of the three most famous ancient sculptural sites in China. There are over 2100 niches, more than 100,000 statues, some 40 pagodas and 3600 tablets and steles in the caves of Guyang, Binyang and Lianhua.希望帮到你啦~

The Longmen Grottoes, located near Luoyang, Henan Province, are a treasure house of ancient Buddhist cave art. The grottos were hewed and carved during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), when the rulers relocated their capital at Luoyang near the end of the 5th century. At that time Buddhism was spreading east into China and was venerated by the imperial court. The Buddhists adopted the practice of carving rock temples, dedicated to the Buddha.

The construction of the Longmen Grottoes began in 493 during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen and continued through the successive six dynasties, including Tang and Song, for a span of over 400 years. Altogether there are 1,352 caves, 785 niches, more than 97,000 statues of the Buddha, Bodhisativas, and Arhats, and 3,680 inscribed stone tablets along the 1-km-long cliff of Mt. Longmen on the west and Mt. Xiangshan on the east of the Yihe River south of Luoyang.

One third of these cave sculptures belong to the Northern Wei Dynasty and two thirds to the Tang Dynasty. The style of sculpture, the design of clothing and the facial expression on statues, as well as carving methods show little foreign influence, rather they exhibit the pinnacle of development of Chinese grotto art. The 11 Buddha statues in the Binyang Cave, typical Northern Wei carvings, represent a style in transition from the simple and compact depictions in the Yungang Grottoes of Datong, Shanxi Province, to the vigorous and realistic Tang Dynasty sculptures.

While the cave sculptures of the Tang Dynasty are of a vigorous, elegant and realistic style, the stone statues in Fengxian Cave, carved under the edict of Empress Wuzetian (reigned 690-705), can be considered as the most typical of the period. These are composed of a 17.14-meter-high statue of Vairocana Buddha, and a series of pairs of Bodhisattvas, heavenly kings, protectors and worshippers. The huge statue of Vairocana Buddha is today praised as being the quintessence of Buddhist sculpture in China.

On November 30, 2000, the Longmen Grottoes were approved by the 24th UN Heritage Commission to be put on the List of World Cultural Heritage.

龙门石窟，位于中国河南省洛阳市，是世界上最重要的佛教艺术宝库之一。它始建于北魏（公元494年），历经东魏、西魏、北周、北齐等朝代，历时约400年。其中，龙门石窟的唐代作品尤为闻名，被誉为“中国石刻艺术的巅峰之作”。
龙门石窟以山为壁，面向伊河，气势磅礴。整个石窟分布在伊河两岸的峭壁上，共有2345个洞窟，雕刻有117000余尊佛像。这些佛像造型精美，神态各异，从细节到整体都展现了极高的艺术水平。
龙门石窟在2000年被列入世界文化遗产名录，其价值得到了全球的认可。许多艺术家和学者都对其进行过研究，并对其在佛教艺术史和古代社会历史方面的研究具有重要意义。然而，由于历史的变迁和自然因素的破坏，龙门石窟也遭受了不同程度的损坏。为了保护这一人类共同的文化遗产，全球各地的组织和机构都在积极地进行保护和修复工作。

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