【急用】百事公司和可口可乐公司的英文介绍!
Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company and is often referred to simply as Coke or (in European and American countries) as Cola or Pop. Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Stith Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft drink market throughout the 20th century.The company produces concentrate, which is then sold to various licensed Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola in cans and bottles to retail stores and vending machines. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the largest single Coca-Cola bottler in North America and western Europe. The Coca-Cola Company also sells concentrate for fountain sales to major restaurants and food service distributors.The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, which has become a major diet cola. However, others exist, including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Cherry Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Vanilla Coke and special editions with lemon and with lime and even with coffee.
In response to consumer insistence on a more natural product, the company is in the process of phasing out E211, or sodium benzoate, the controversial additive linked to DNA damage and hyperactivity in children, of Diet Coke. The company has stated that it plans to remove the controversial additive from its other products - including Sprite, and Oasis - as soon as a satisfactory alternative is discovered.
HistoryThe first Coca-Cola recipe was invented in Columbus, Georgia at a drugstore by John Stith Pemberton, originally as a cocawine called Pemberton's French Wine Coca in 1885.He may have been inspired by the formidable success of European Angelo Mariani's cocawine, Vin Mariani.
In 1886, when Atlanta and Fulton County passed prohibition legislation, Pemberton responded by developing Coca-Cola, essentially a non-alcoholic version of French Wine Cola. The original recipe was made without carbonated water, but was added later when Pemberton was mixing the drink for friends without the carbonated water and accidentally added it to a glass. His friends loved it more and he decided to continue making his drink with the carbonated water instead. The first sales were at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886.It was initially sold as a patent medicine for five cents a glass at soda fountains, which were popular in the United States at the time due to the belief that carbonated water was good for the health. Pemberton claimed Coca-Cola cured many diseases, including morphine addiction, dyspepsia, neurasthenia, headache, and impotence. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal. For the first eight months only nine drinks were sold each day.[citation needed]
By 1888, three versions of Coca-Cola — sold by three separate businesses — were on the market. Asa Griggs Candler acquired a stake in Pemberton's company in 1887 and incorporated it as the Coca Cola Company in 1888. The same year, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to four more businessmen: J.C. Mayfield, A.O. Murphey, C.O. Mullahy and E.H. Bloodworth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product.
In an attempt to clarify the situation, John Pemberton declared that the name Coca-Cola belonged to Charley, but the other two manufacturers could continue to use the formula. So, in the summer of 1888, Candler sold his beverage under the names Yum Yum and Koke. After both failed to catch on, Candler set out to establish a legal claim to Coca-Cola in late 1888, in order to force his two competitors out of the business. Candler purchased exclusive rights to the formula from John Pemberton, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, in 1914, Dozier came forward to claim her signature on the bill of sale had been forged, and subsequent analysis has indicated John Pemberton's signature was most likely a forgery as well.
Old German Coca-Cola bottle opener.In 1892, Candler incorporated a second company, The Coca-Cola Company (the current corporation), and in 1910, Candler had the earliest records of the company burned, further obscuring its legal origins. Regardless, Candler began marketing the product, although the efficacy of his concerted advertising campaign would not be realized until much later. By the time of its 50th anniversary, the drink had reached the status of a national icon for the USA. In 1935, it was certified kosher by Rabbi Tobias Geffen, after the company made minor changes in the sourcing of some ingredients.
Coke concentrate, or Coke syrup, was and is sold separately at pharmacies in small quantities, as an over-the-counter remedy for nausea or mildly upset stomach.
可口可乐
1886年,可口可乐在美国乔治亚州亚特兰大市诞生,自此便与社会发展相互交融,激发创新灵感。现在,它每天为全球的人们带来怡神畅快的美妙感受。
目前,全球每天有17亿人次的消费者在畅饮可口可乐公司的产品,大约每秒钟售出19,400瓶饮料,在2016年10月,可口可乐公司排2016年全球100大最有价值品牌第三名 ;可口可乐为中国消费者提供超过15个品牌50多种饮料选择,其系列产品在华的每天享用量达到1.5亿杯, 可口可乐自1979年重返中国市场至2014年底,已累计投资超过90亿美元,目前在华建有43家工厂,系统员工约45,000人,其中99%为本地员工, 可口可乐及其装瓶厂在中国长期以来不遗余力地支持教育及公益事业,推广环境保护以及帮助当地社区的发展,捐资总额超过2.7亿元人民币,另外,可口可乐亦是唯一一个全方位赞助在中国举办的特奥会、奥运会、残奥会、世博会、大运会及青奥会的企业。
来历
1885年,美国佐治亚州的(约翰·彭伯顿),发明了深色的糖浆称为彭伯顿法国酒可乐(Pemberton's French Wine Coka)1885年政府发出禁酒令,因此彭伯顿发明无酒精的Pemberton's French Wine Coka。
1886年5月8日他想发明一种饮料,一种让很多需要补充营养的人喜欢喝的饮料。那天,他正在搅拌做好了的饮料,发现它具有提神、镇静的作用以及减轻头痛,他将这种液体加入了糖浆和水,然后加上冰块,他尝了尝,味道好极了,不过在倒第二杯时,助手一不小心加入了苏打水(二氧化碳+水)这回味道更好了,合伙人罗宾逊(Frank M.Robinson)从糖浆的两种成分,激发出命名的灵感,这两种成分就是古柯(Coca)的叶子和可拉(Kola)的果实,罗宾逊为了整齐划一,将Kola的K改C,然后在两个词中间加一横,于是Coca-Cola便诞生了,第一份可口可乐售价为五美分。
可口要比百事早,味道方面嘛,我认为没有很大区别的,区别的是你自己的感觉,因为100多年竞争相互学习和找缺点,生产工艺完全是一样的啦。
在欧洲,南美,北美,可口的市场很强劲!做大的原因很多,但我觉得主要的是因为他们推广做得好,把喝可乐变成了全球的时尚,对比肯德基,麦当劳也是,
也是。他们培养了消费者潜意识的消费行为。不因为它有多好喝,就因为大家都喝。
的含糖量比较低,适合中老年人,
的含糖量高,适合年轻人,自己看着喝啦。
百事的磷酸含量比可口的多一点,口感上感觉稍微“硬”一点,百事比较甜一点。Delicious than Pepsi early, taste, I don't think it is a big difference, difference is your feeling, because competition and learn from each other to find faults, more than 100 years production process is completely the same. In Europe, South America, North America, coke market is very strong! Make big for many reasons, but I think mainly because they do well, the coke into a global fashion, KFC, McDonald's is also, budweiser beer, too. They cultivate the consumption behavior of consumers the subconscious. Not because of how delicious it is, just because everyone to drink. Coca-Cola sugar content is lower, is suitable for the elderly, Pepsi, high sugar content, suitable for young people, looked at drinking himself. The phosphate content of Pepsi more than Coca-Cola, felt a little bit "hard" on the palate, Pepsi is a bit sweet.
Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company and is often referred to simply as Coke or (in European and American countries) as Cola or Pop. Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Stith Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft drink market throughout the 20th century.
The company produces concentrate, which is then sold to various licensed Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola in cans and bottles to retail stores and vending machines. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the largest single Coca-Cola bottler in North America and western Europe. The Coca-Cola Company also sells concentrate for fountain sales to major restaurants and food service distributors.
The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, which has become a major diet cola. However, others exist, including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Cherry Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Vanilla Coke and special editions with lemon and with lime and even with coffee.
In response to consumer insistence on a more natural product, the company is in the process of phasing out E211, or sodium benzoate, the controversial additive linked to DNA damage and hyperactivity in children, of Diet Coke. The company has stated that it plans to remove the controversial additive from its other products - including Sprite, and Oasis - as soon as a satisfactory alternative is discovered.[1]
History
The first Coca-Cola recipe was invented in Columbus, Georgia at a drugstore by John Stith Pemberton, originally as a cocawine called Pemberton's French Wine Coca in 1885.[2][3] He may have been inspired by the formidable success of European Angelo Mariani's cocawine, Vin Mariani.
In 1886, when Atlanta and Fulton County passed prohibition legislation, Pemberton responded by developing Coca-Cola, essentially a non-alcoholic version of French Wine Cola. The original recipe was made without carbonated water, but was added later when Pemberton was mixing the drink for friends without the carbonated water and accidentally added it to a glass. His friends loved it more and he decided to continue making his drink with the carbonated water instead.[4] The first sales were at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886.[5] It was initially sold as a patent medicine for five cents[6] a glass at soda fountains, which were popular in the United States at the time due to the belief that carbonated water was good for the health.[7] Pemberton claimed Coca-Cola cured many diseases, including morphine addiction, dyspepsia, neurasthenia, headache, and impotence. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.[8] For the first eight months only nine drinks were sold each day.[citation needed]
By 1888, three versions of Coca-Cola — sold by three separate businesses — were on the market. Asa Griggs Candler acquired a stake in Pemberton's company in 1887 and incorporated it as the Coca Cola Company in 1888.[9] The same year, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to four more businessmen: J.C. Mayfield, A.O. Murphey, C.O. Mullahy and E.H. Bloodworth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product.[10]
In an attempt to clarify the situation, John Pemberton declared that the name Coca-Cola belonged to Charley, but the other two manufacturers could continue to use the formula. So, in the summer of 1888, Candler sold his beverage under the names Yum Yum and Koke. After both failed to catch on, Candler set out to establish a legal claim to Coca-Cola in late 1888, in order to force his two competitors out of the business. Candler purchased exclusive rights to the formula from John Pemberton, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, in 1914, Dozier came forward to claim her signature on the bill of sale had been forged, and subsequent analysis has indicated John Pemberton's signature was most likely a forgery as well.[11]
Old German Coca-Cola bottle opener.In 1892, Candler incorporated a second company, The Coca-Cola Company (the current corporation), and in 1910, Candler had the earliest records of the company burned, further obscuring its legal origins. Regardless, Candler began marketing the product, although the efficacy of his concerted advertising campaign would not be realized until much later. By the time of its 50th anniversary, the drink had reached the status of a national icon for the USA. In 1935, it was certified kosher by Rabbi Tobias Geffen, after the company made minor changes in the sourcing of some ingredients.[12]
Coca-Cola was sold in bottles for the first time on March 12, 1894. Cans of Coke first appeared in 1955.[13] The first bottling of Coca-Cola occurred in Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the Biedenharn Candy Company in 1891. Its proprietor was Joseph A. Biedenharn. The original bottles were Biedenharn bottles, very different from the much later hobble-skirt design that is now so familiar. Asa Candler was tentative about bottling the drink, but two entrepreneurs from Chattanooga, TN, Mr. Benjamin F. Thomas and Mr. Joseph B. Whitehead, proposed the idea and were so persuasive that Candler signed a contract giving them control of the procedure for only one dollar. Candler never collected his dollar, but in 1899 Chattanooga, TN became the site of the first Coca-Cola bottling company. [14]However, the loosely termed contract proved to be problematic for the company for decades to come. Legal matters were not helped by the decision of the bottlers to subcontract to other companies—in effect, becoming parent bottlers.[15]
Coke concentrate, or Coke syrup, was and is sold separately at pharmacies in small quantities, as an over-the-counter remedy for nausea or mildly upset stomach.
百事
Pepsi-Cola is a carbonated beverage that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. It is sold in stores, restaurants and from vending machines. The drink was first made in the 1890s by pharmacist Caleb Bradham in New Bern, North Carolina. The brand was trademarked on June 16, 1903. There have been many Pepsi variants produced over the years since 1903, including Diet Pepsi, Crystal Pepsi, Pepsi Twist, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Samba, Pepsi Blue, Pepsi Gold, Pepsi Holiday Spice, Pepsi Jazz, Pepsi X (available in Finland and Brazil), Pepsi Next (available in Japan and South Korea), Pepsi Raw, Pepsi Retro in Mexico, Pepsi One, and Pepsi Ice Cucumber in Japan.
Origins
Pepsi was first made in New Bern, North Carolina, in the United States in the early 1890s by pharmacist Caleb Bradham. In 1898, "Brad's Drink" was changed to "Pepsi-Cola" and later trademarked on June 16, 1903.[1] There are several theories on the origin of the word "pepsi". The only two discussed within the current PepsiCo website are the following:
Caleb Bradham bought the name "Pep Kola" from a local competitor and changed it to Pepsi-Cola.
The word Pepsi comes from the Greek word "Hope" (πέψη), which is a medical term, describing the food dissolving process within one's stomach. Dyspepsia also a medical term describes a problem with one's stomach to dissolve foods properly.
Another theory regarding the name's origins is that Caleb Bradham and his customers simply thought the name sounded good and reflected the fact that the drink had some kind of "pep" in it because it was a carbonated drink.
It was made of carbonated water, sugar, vanilla, rare oils, and kola nuts. Whether the original recipe included the enzyme pepsin is disputed.[2][3]
In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore into a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1924, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1926, the logo was changed again. In 1929, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield endorsed Pepsi-Cola in newspaper ads as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race".
In 1931, the Pepsi-Cola Company went bankrupt during the Great Depression- in large part due financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of World War I. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark.[4] Eight years later, the company went bankrupt again. Pepsi's assets were then purchased by Charles Guth, the President of Loft Inc. Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace Coca-Cola at his stores' fountains after Coke refused to give him a discount on syrup. Guth then had Loft's chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula.
Pepsi Cola is a non-alcoholic carbonated beverage produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. It is sold in stores, restaurants and from vending machines. The drink was first made in the 1890s bypharmacist Caleb Bradham in New Bern North Carolina. The brand was trademarked on June 16,1903. There have been many Pepsi variantsproduced over the years, including Diet Pepsi,Crystal Pepsi, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Samba, Pepsi Blue, Pepsi Gold, Pepsi Holiday Spice, Pepsi Jazz, Pepsi Next (available in Japan and South Korea), Pepsi Ice Cucumber (available in Japan as of June 12, 2007).
History
Rise in popularity
During The Great Depression, Pepsi gained popularity following the introduction in 1934 of a 12-ounce bottle. Initially priced at 10 cents, sales were slow, but when the price was slashed to 5 cents, sales went through the roof. With twelve ounces a bottle instead of the six ounces Coca-Cola sold, Pepsi turned the price difference to its advantage with a slick radio advertising campaign, featuring the "Pepsi cola hits the spot / Twelve full ounces, that's a lot / Twice as much for a nickel, too / Pepsi-Cola is the drink for you,", encouraging price-watching consumers to switch to Pepsi, while obliquely referring to the Coca-Cola standard of six ounces a bottle for the price of five cents (a nickel), instead of the twelve ounces Pepsi sold at the same price. Coming at a time of economic crisis, the campaign succeeded in boosting Pepsi's status. From 1936 to 1938, Pepsi Cola's profits doubled.[1]
Pepsi's success under Guth came while the Loft Candy business was faltering. Since he had initially used Loft's finances and facilities to establish the new Pepsi success, the near-bankrupt Loft Company sued Guth for possession of the Pepsi Cola company. A long legal battle then ensued, with Guth losing. Loft now owned Pepsi, and the two companies did a merger, then immediately spun the Loft company off.
Niche marketing
Walter Mack was named the new President of Pepsi-Cola and guided the company through the 1940s. Mack, who supportedprogressive causes, noticed that the company's strategy of using advertising for a general audience either ignored African Americans or used ethnic stereotypes in portraying blacks. He realized African Americans were an untapped niche market and that Pepsi stood to gain market share by targeting its advertising directly towards them.[2] To this end, he hired Hennan Smith, an advertising executive "from the Negro newspaper field"[3] to lead an all-black sales team, which had to be cut due to the onset of World War II. In 1947, Mack resumed his efforts, hiring Edward F. Boyd to lead a twelve-man team. They came up with advertising portraying black Americans in a positive light, such as one with a smiling mother holding a six pack of Pepsi while her son (a young Ron Brown, who grew up to be Secretary of Commerce[4]) reaches up for one. Another ad campaign, titled "Leaders in Their Fields", profiled twenty prominent African Americans such as Nobel Peace Prize winner Ralph Bunche and photographerGordon Parks.
Boyd also led a sales team composed entirely of African Americans around the country to promote Pepsi. Racial segregation and Jim Crow laws were still in place throughout much of the U.S., so Boyd's team faced a great deal of discrimination as a result,[3] from insults by Pepsi co-workers to threats byKu Klux Klan.[4] On the other hand, they were able to use racism as a selling point, attacking Coke's reluctance to hire blacks and support by the chairman of Coke to segregationist Governor of GeorgiaHerman Talmadge.[2] As a result, Pepsi's market share as compared to Coke's shot up dramatically. After the sales team visited Chicago, Pepsi's share in the city overtook that of Coke for the first time.[2]
This focus on the African American market caused some consternation within the company and among its affiliates. They did not want to seem focused on black customers for fear whites would be pushed away.[2] In a meeting at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, Mack tried to assuage the 500 bottlers in attendance by pandering to them, saying, "We don't want it to become known as the nigger drink."[5]After Mack left the company in 1950, support for the black sales team faded and it was cut.
Coca-Cola cola (a type of carbonated soft drink) sold in stores, restaurants and vending machinesin more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company (NYSE:KO) and is often referred to simply as Coke. Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft drink market throughout the 20th century. Although faced with criticisms of its health effects and various allegations of wrongdoing by the company, Coca-Cola has remained a popular soft drink to the present day.
The company actually produces concentrate for Coca-Cola, which is then sold to various Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola in cans and bottles to retail stores and vending machines. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the single largest Coca-Cola bottler in North America, Australia, Asia and Europe. The Coca-Cola Company also sells concentrate for fountain sales to major restaurants and food service distributors.
The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, which has become a major diet cola. However, others exist, including Diet Coke Caffeine-Free , Cherry Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Vanilla Coke and special editions with lemon and with lime, and even with coffee. The Coca-Cola Company owns and markets other soft drinks that do not carry the large Coca-Cola brand marking, such as Sprite, Fanta, Pibb, and others, but the Coca-Cola Company's trademark name can usually be found somewhere on the bottle.
History
The first Coca-Cola recipe was invented inCovington, Georgia, byJohn Stith Pemberton, originally as a cocawinecalled Pemberton's French Wine Coca in 1885.[1][2] He may have been inspired by the formidable success ofEuropean Angelo Mariani's cocawine, Vin Mariani.
In 1885, when Atlanta and Fulton County passed Prohibitionlegislation, Pemberton responded by developing Coca-Cola, essentially a carbonated, non-alcoholic version of French Wine Cola.[3] The beverage was named Coca-Cola because, originally, the stimulant mixed in the beverage was coca leaves from South America, which the drug cocaine is derived from. In addition, the drink was flavored using kola nuts, also acting as the beverage's source of caffeine.[4] The first serving in 1886 cost US$0.05.[5] Pemberton called for five ounces of coca leaf per gallon of syrup, a significant dose, whereas, in 1891, Candler claimed his formula (altered extensively from Pemberton's original) contained only a tenth of this amount. Coca-Cola did once contain an estimated nine milligrams of cocaine per glass, but in 1903 it was removed.[6]After 1904, Coca-Cola started using, instead of fresh leaves, "spent" leaves - the leftovers of the cocaine-extraction process with cocaine trace levels left over at a molecular level.[7][8] To this day, Coca-Cola uses as an ingredient a non-narcotic coca leaf extract prepared at a Stepan Company plant in Maywood, New Jersey.[9] In the United States, Stepan Company is the only manufacturing plant authorized by the Federal Government to import and process the coca plant.[10]
Coca-Cola was initially sold as a patent medicine for five cents a glass at soda fountains, which were popular in the United States at the time thanks to a belief that carbonated water was good for the health.[11] Pemberton claimed Coca-Cola cured many diseases, including morphine addiction,dyspepsia, neurasthenia, headache, and impotence. The first sales were made at Jacob's Pharmacy inAtlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886, and for the first eight months only nine drinks were sold each day. Pemberton ran the first advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.[12]
By 1888, three versions of Coca-Cola — sold by three separate businesses — were on the market.Asa Griggs Candler acquired a stake in Pemberton's company in 1887 and incorporated it as the Coca Cola Company in 1888.[13] The same year, while suffering from an ongoing addiction to morphine, Pemberton sold the rights a second time to four more businessmen: J.C. Mayfield, A.O. Murphey, C.O. Mullahy and E.H. Bloodworth. Meanwhile, Pemberton's alcoholic son Charley Pemberton began selling his own version of the product.[14]
In an attempt to clarify the situation, John Pemberton declared that the name Coca-Cola belonged to Charley, but the other two manufacturers could continue to use the formula. So, in the summer of 1888, Candler sold his beverage under the names Yum Yum and Koke. After both failed to catch on, Candler set out to establish a legal claim to Coca-Cola in late 1888, in order to force his two competitors out of the business. Candler purchased exclusive rights to the formula from John Pemberton, Margaret Dozier and Woolfolk Walker. However, in 1914, Dozier came forward to claim her signature on the bill of sale had been forged, and subsequent analysis has indicated John Pemberton's signature was most likely a forgery as well.[15]
In 1892, Candler incorporated a second company, The Coca-Cola Company (the current corporation), and in 1910, Candler had the earliest records of the company burned, further obscuring its legal origins. Regardless, Candler began marketing the product, although the efficacy of his concerted advertising campaign would not be realized until much later. By the time of its 50th anniversary, the drink had reached the status of a national icon for the USA. In 1935, it was certified kosher by Rabbi Tobias Geffen, after the company made minor changes in the sourcing of some ingredients.[16]
Coca-Cola was sold in bottles for the first time on March 12, 1894. Cans of Coke first appeared in 1955.[17] The first bottling of Coca-Cola occurred in Vicksburg, Mississippi, at the Biedenharn Candy Company in 1891. Its proprietor was Joseph A. Biedenharn. The original bottles were Biedenharn bottles, very different from the much later hobble-skirt design that is now so familiar. Asa Candler was tentative about bottling the drink, but the two entrepreneurs who proposed the idea were so persuasive that Candler signed a contract giving them control of the procedure. However, the loosely termed contract proved to be problematic for the company for decades to come. Legal matters were not helped by the decision of the bottlers to subcontract to other companies — in effect, becoming parent bottlers.[18]
Coke concentrate, or Coke syrup, was and is sold separately at pharmacies in small quantities, as an over-the-counter remedy for nausea or mildly upset stomach.
New Coke
New Coke stirred up a controversy when it replaced the original Coca-Cola in 1985. Coca-Cola Classic was reinstated within a few months of New Coke's introduction into the market.|
This image is a candidate for speedy deletion. It will be deleted after Friday, 26 October 2007.
On April 23, 1985, Coca-Cola, amid much publicity, attempted to change the formula of the drink. Some authorities believe that New Coke, as the reformulated drink was called, was invented specifically to respond to its commercial competitor,Pepsi[18] (which had more lemon oil and less orange oil, and used vanillin rather than vanilla). Double-blind taste tests indicated that most consumers preferred the taste of Pepsi to Coke. In taste tests, drinkers were more likely to respond positively to sweeter drinks, and Pepsi had the advantage over Coke because it was much sweeter. Coca-Cola tinkered with the formula and created "New Coke". Follow-up taste tests revealed that most consumers preferred the taste of New Coke to both Coke and Pepsi. The reformulation was led by the then-CEO of the company, Roberto Goizueta, and the president Don Keough.
It is unclear what part long-time company president Robert W. Woodruff played in the reformulation. Goizueta claimed that Woodruff endorsed it a few months before his death in 1985; others have pointed out that, as the two men were alone when the matter was discussed, Goizueta might have misinterpreted the wishes of the dying Woodruff, who could speak only in monosyllables. It has also been alleged that Woodruff might not have been able to understand what Goizueta was telling him.
The commercial failure of New Coke therefore came as a grievous blow to the management of theCoca-Cola Company. It is possible that customers would not have noticed the change if it had been made secretly or gradually, and thus brand loyalty could have been maintained. Coca-Cola management was unprepared, however, for the nostalgic sentiments the drink aroused in the American public; some compared changing the Coke formula to rewriting the American Constitution.
The new Coca-Cola formula subsequently caused a public backlash. Gay Mullins, from Seattle, Washington, founded the Old Cola Drinkers of America organization, which attempted to sue the company, and lobbied for the formula of Old Coke to be released into the public domain. This and other protests caused the company to return to the old formula under the name Coca-Cola Classic on July 10, 1985. The company was later accused of performing this volte-face as an elaborate ruse to introduce a new product while reviving interest in the original. Donald Keough, company president at the time, responded to the accusation by declaring: "Some critics will say Coca-Cola made a marketing mistake. Some cynics will say that we planned the whole thing. The truth is we are not that dumb, and we are not that smart."
The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest consumer of natural vanilla extract. When New Coke was introduced in 1985, this had a severe impact on the economy of Madagascar, a prime vanilla exporter, since New Coke used vanillin, a less-expensive synthetic substitute. Purchases of vanilla more than halved during this period. But the flop of New Coke brought a recovery.
Meanwhile, the market share for New Coke had dwindled to only 3% by 1986. The company renamed the product "Coke II" in 1992 (not to be confused with "Coke C2", a reduced-sugar cola launched by Coca-Cola in 2004). However, sales falloff caused a severe cutback in distribution. By 1998, it was sold in only a few places in the Midwestern U.S.
21st century
On February 7, 2005, the Coca-Cola Company announced that in the second quarter of 2005 they planned a launch of a Diet Coke product sweetened with the artificial sweetener sucralose ("Splenda"), the same sweetener currently used in Pepsi One.[19][20] On March 21, 2005, it announced another diet product, "Coca-Cola Zero", sweetened partly with a blend of aspartame and acesulfame potassium. Recently Coca-Cola has begun to sell a new "healthy soda" Diet Coke with Vitamins B6, B12, Magnesium, Niacin, and Zinc, marketed as "Diet Coke Plus".
As of April 2007, in Canada, the name "Coca-Cola Classic" has been changed back to "Coca-Cola" on its labeling on bottles and cans. According to a Coca-Cola customer-service representative, the word "Classic" has been taken off the cans, because "New Coke" is no longer in production, which eliminates the need to differentiate between the two. The formula has not been changed from Coca-Cola Classic.
Production
Formula
Coca-cola and bubbles
The exact formula of Coca-Cola is a famous trade secret. The original copy of the formula is held in SunTrust Bank's main vault in Atlanta. Its predecessor, the Trust Company, was theunderwriter for the Coca-Cola Company's initial public offering in 1919. A popular myth states that only two executives have access to the formula, with each executive having only half the formula.[21] The truth is that while Coca-Cola does have a rule restricting access to only two executives, each knows the entire formula and others, in addition to the prescribed duo, have known the formulation process.[22]
Franchised production model
A Large Mexican bottle of Coca-Cola. The Mexican formula still uses cane sugar, and not high-fructose corn syrup.
The actual production and distribution of Coca-Cola follows a franchising model. The Coca-Cola Company only produces a syrup concentrate, which it sells to various bottlers throughout the world who hold Coca-Cola franchises for one or more geographical areas. The bottlers produce the final drink by mixing the syrup with filtered water and sugar (or artificial sweeteners) and then carbonate it before filling it into cans and bottles, which the bottlers then sell and distribute to retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors.[23]
The Coca-Cola Company owns minority shares in some of its largest franchises, like Coca-Cola Enterprises, Coca-Cola Amatil, Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company (CCHBC) andCoca-Cola FEMSA, but fully independent bottlers produce almost half of the volume sold in the world. Since independent bottlers add sugar and sweeteners, the sweetness of the drink differs in various parts of the world, to cater for local tastes.[24]
去公司网站直接copy呗。
可口可乐
The Chronicle Of Coca-Cola
BIRTH OF A REFRESHING IDEA
The product that has given the world its best-known taste was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886. Dr. John Stith Pemberton, a local pharmacist, produced the syrup for Coca-Cola®, and carried a jug of the new product down the street to Jacobs' Pharmacy, where it was sampled, pronounced "excellent" and placed on sale for five cents a glass as a soda fountain drink. Carbonated water was teamed with the new syrup to produce a drink that was at once "Delicious and Refreshing," a theme that continues to echo today wherever Coca-Cola is enjoyed.
Thinking that "the two Cs would look well in advertising," Dr. Pemberton's partner and bookkeeper, Frank M. Robinson, suggested the name and penned the now famous trademark "Coca-Cola" in his unique script. The first newspaper ad for Coca-Cola soon appeared in The Atlanta Journal, inviting thirsty citizens to try "the new and popular soda fountain drink." Hand-painted oilcloth signs reading "Coca-Cola" appeared on store awnings, with the suggestion "Drink" added to inform passersby that the new beverage was for soda fountain refreshment. During the first year, sales averaged a modest nine drinks per day.
Dr. Pemberton never realized the potential of the beverage he created. He gradually sold portions of his business to various partners and, just prior to his death in 1888, sold his remaining interest in Coca-Cola to Asa G. Candler. An Atlantan with great business acumen, Mr. Candler proceeded to buy additional rights and acquire complete control.
Learn the rest of the history by selecting another chapter from the drop-down menu on the right.
这里还有更多:
http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/heritage/chronicle_birth_refreshing_idea.html
百事可乐
http://www.pepsi.com/
见以下网站(先把其中的逗号去掉)
en.w,i,k,i,p,e,d,i,a.org/wiki/C,o,c,a-C,o,l,a
en.w,i,k,i,p,e,d,i,a.org/wiki/P,e,p,s,i
【急用】百事公司和可口可乐公司的英文介绍!
Crystal Pepsi, Pepsi Twist, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Samba, Pepsi Blue, Pepsi Gold, Pepsi Holiday Spice, Pepsi Jazz, Pepsi X (available in Finland and Brazil), Pepsi Next (available in Japan and South Korea), Pepsi Raw, Pepsi Retro in Mexico, Pepsi One, and Pepsi Ice Cucumber in Japan....
可口可乐和百事可乐相比,百事可乐有什么优劣势
可口可乐公司所有收入都来自饮料,而百事公司则更多样化。百事公司最大的组成部分不是可乐,而是弗里托-莱公司的零食生意。弗里托-莱公司1965年与百事合并。百事公司生产的饮料中碳酸类软饮料只占2\/3,而可口可乐公司则占80%以上。过去,百事可乐的策略相比可口可乐较为简单的模式似乎显得呆板和散乱。但当可...
为什么百事可乐和可口可乐都竞相投资乳制品?
综上所述,百事可乐和可口可乐都竞相投资乳制品市场,是为了在饮料市场上有所突破,希望通过推出更迎合消费者喜爱的产品来进行企业转型,从而更好地占领市场份额,将品牌做得更大更强。
【跪求:百事可乐与可口可乐口味测试实验。案例】
百事可乐公司的这次冒险成功了,几乎每一次试验后,品尝者都认为百事可乐更好喝。“百事挑战”系列广告使百事可乐在美国饮料市场所占的份额从6%狂升至14%。 可口可乐公司不相信这一切会是真的,该公司也立即组织了口感测试,结果与“百事挑战”中的一样:人们更喜爱百事可乐的口味。表21反映出可口可乐与百事可乐的市场占...
可口可乐在营销渠道上比百事可乐强在哪??是营销渠道~营销环境上,可口可 ...
首先百事和可口都是属于上市于美国的世界500强企业,而且脉动是属于乐百氏公司,立顿茶是被百事收购,但未能完全打开市场销路。相比可口,百事的排名要在前,百事可乐单品的销量远超可口可乐,百事旗下的美年达,据力尔森数据表明,百事每卖一箱24瓶美年达,芬达只卖一瓶。回答楼主的问题、可口和百事的营销...
百事可乐的英文资料及翻译
百事可乐公司 Pepsi CO.,Inc.美国最大的软性饮料公司之一。资产总额约 151亿美元,居世界大企业第75位,职工26.6万人。公司总部设在纽约市。百事可乐公司于1919年成立。原名为洛夫特公司,1941年改名为百事可乐股份公司,1965年改为百事可乐公司。公司系采用北卡罗来纳州纽伯恩一名药剂师布雷德海姆所研究...
现在有百事与可口两瓶可乐,你如何说服消费者选择可口可乐(急求答案正在...
百事可乐与可口可乐竞争也不是一年两年了,两家产品同时成立与19世纪末,百事可乐被誉为最成功的消费者公司之一,而可口可乐又是全球最大的饮料公司,两家实力难分伯仲,世界上第一瓶可口可乐的出现是1886年一位药剂师不经意地发明,他试图用它来制服感冒,无独有偶,百事可乐也是作为药水发明的,1898年...
可口可乐和百事可乐的价值不同点
百事可乐用文化来提醒我们“曾经的过去和现在的联系”,可口可乐则传递出“注重未来,我们将要去何方”的概念。当然,“两乐”对于“快乐”和“乐观”的不同诠释,仅靠言语是远远不够的。Super Bowl历来是大公司的必争的体育营销之地,也是百事公司的营销重点,投放历史长达10年。而可口可乐曾一度中止赞助Super Bowl,...
急!两企业为谋取利益而竞争,因此促进经济发展的具体事例。(作文题材...
可口可乐公司与百事可乐公司这两个竞争对手在双方激烈的竞争中也正突出了这种效果。百事可乐与可口可乐都盯死了对方,只要对方一有新动作,另一方肯定也会有新花样。可口可乐早在20世纪20年代便在古巴用飞机在空中喷出烟雾,画出“COCA-COLA”字样,可惜因为缺少经验而失败,百事可乐在1940年更是一下租了...
百事可乐的广告词,两句就够了,谢谢,很急
1、年百事,这就是可乐 2、胜利是最重要的。——美国百事可乐公司 3、“活妖起来,你是在百事时代。”——百事可乐公司 4、“为了那些思想年轻的人们”。——百事可乐公司 5、“奋起吧,你是百事可乐新一代生龙活虎的一员。”——百事可乐 6、年百事可乐是属于你的饮料 7、年一样的价,双倍的...
罗宣希刻: 百事可乐 最初于1890年代由美国北加洲一位名为 Caleb Bradham 的药剂师所造,以碳酸水、糖、香草、生油、胃蛋白酶 (pepsin) 及可乐果制成.该药物最初是用于治理胃部疾病,后来被命名为“Pepsi”,并于1903年6月16日将之注册为商...
昌吉市18560398427: 百事可乐与可口可乐的总裁分别是谁?两公司谁兴起得早?分别在什么时候? - ?
罗宣希刻: 您好,百事可乐公司的总裁英德拉·努伊百事可乐任命总裁努伊其出生在印度一个中产家庭,并于1978年来到美国耶鲁求学.随后,其于1994年加盟百事可乐,12年来成绩不菲,并于2001年开始担任该公司总裁兼财务官.迄今为止,其已经参...
昌吉市18560398427: 可乐的英文怎么写? - ?
罗宣希刻: 可乐的英文是:Cola 读音:英 ['kəʊlə] 美 ['koʊlə] 双语例句 1. There was a cola by the side of the house. 房子旁边有一棵可乐果树. 2. Coca - Cola is very big in the West. 可口可乐 在西方很流行. 3. Coca - cola is a soft drink. 可口可乐 是一种...
昌吉市18560398427: 用英语介绍百事可乐,不是介绍公司,而是介绍这种饮料 - ?
罗宣希刻: 百事可乐(Pepsi-Cola)最初于19世纪90年代(1890-1900)由美国北卡罗莱纳州一位名为 Caleb Bradham 的药剂师所造,以碳酸水、糖、香草、生油、胃蛋白酶(pepsin)及可乐果制成.该药物最初是用于治理胃部疾病,后来被命名为“...
昌吉市18560398427: 可口可乐与百事可乐的品牌比较? - ?
罗宣希刻: 一、可口可乐和百事可乐的品牌价值 可口可乐是世界上最知名的品牌之一 可口可乐品牌价值: 自1999年起,连续8年居美国《商业周刊》全球100最具价值品牌榜榜首,并是前10名中唯一饮料品牌,2006年品牌价值达670亿美圆.2005年10月...
昌吉市18560398427: 百事公司和可口公司哪个比较强? - ?
罗宣希刻: 很难说哪个强,若论品牌价值,可口可乐位列世界榜首,百事可乐未进入前10名!若论营业收入及世界500强排名,百事可乐排在可口可乐的前面好多!应该说可口可乐名气更大,而百事可乐发展后劲更强! 2003年度全球最有价值品牌前十位...
昌吉市18560398427: 百事可乐和可口可乐是同一个公司的企业么 - ?
罗宣希刻: 可口可乐公司简介 1886年5月,可口可乐首次面世于美国佐治亚洲亚特兰大市的雅各布药店,至今已近115岁了.可口可乐公司是全世界最大的饮料公司,也是软饮料销售市场的领袖和先锋,透过全球最大的分销系统,畅销世界超过200个国家及...
昌吉市18560398427: 百事可乐总公司是哪个国家的? - ?
罗宣希刻: 百事可乐总公司位于美国纽约安德森山700号.PEP(百事可乐)于1919年成立,是一家全球食品和饮料公司,生产、策划和销售谷类休闲快餐、碳酸和非碳酸饮料及食品.百事公司由菲多利北美、百事饮料北美、百事国际和桂格食品北美组成.北美部负责美国和加拿大的业务,国际部设在墨西哥和英国,向全球约200个国家销售产品.
昌吉市18560398427: 百事公司打还是可口可乐??
罗宣希刻: 可口可乐(Coca-Cola,也称Coke),是由美国可口可乐公司出品的一种含有咖啡因的碳酸饮料.汉语译名出自蒋彝,是翻译界极为有名和成功的例子之一. 目前可口可乐在世界各地市场皆处领导地位,远远超越其主要竞争对手百事可乐.其...
昌吉市18560398427: 中文名公司翻译成英文,“东晔利包装材料有限公司”,例如:百事可乐的英文名是pepsi?
罗宣希刻: 谢谢您,清闲弄清楚,是Pepsi翻译成百事,而不是百事翻译成Pepsi,好吧!所以,您说的,就是Dongyeli.