什么是宾语从句？？？

英语中什么叫做宾语从句？~

宾语从句定义、示例、用法最生动解释

宾语从句，是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语从句
1.that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略.但下列情况除外：
（1）介词宾语从句的that不省略
（2） and连接的几个从句,第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略.
He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.
（3）在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中,that不省略.
I heard it said that he had gone abroad
We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time
2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换,但是下列情形除外：
（1）whether从句中有or not
（2）whether从句做介词宾语
Everything depends on whether you agree with us
3.许多带复合宾语的句子,宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it做形式宾语.结构常是：
主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句
We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone

扩展资料：
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
时态：
1 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态
例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
2 主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式
例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
3 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态
例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
介宾从句
用whether之类的介词宾语从句。
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句，有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句。
动宾从句
大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句。
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句。
动词短语也可以带宾语从句，常见的这些词有：
make sure（确保）、make up one’s mind（下决心）、keep in mind（牢记）
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it（双宾语）这类动词主要有：hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,lend.hand,mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return,show,teach,tell

宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.
1.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他下一年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?
I don’t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道你该依靠谁.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
2.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都买光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
I take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is it neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
3.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we amdit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
4.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
5.if,wheter在宾语从句中的区别
①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④在不定式前只能用whether.
⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
7.宾语从句的否定转移
主句是谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
8.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时候一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时的时候
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否在读<老人与海>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.

宾语从句（一）
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句常由that引导，在口语中常省略。
当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，按需要可以使用任何时态。
如： She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）
当主句谓语是过去时态，从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。
如：He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。（从句是过去将来时）
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）
*当主句谓语是过去时态，而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理（事实）时， 宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。
如：The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her. 她说她父亲比她大二十八岁。
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他说光传播比声音传播快得多。

宾语从句（二）
由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if，在引出宾语从句时，用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句，而whether除了引出宾语从句外，还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
例如：
We don't know whether (if) it is right.
我们不知道它是否正确。
The question is whether she should do that.
问题在于她是否应该做那件事。
Whether it is true remains a question.
是真是假还是个问题。
试比较：
当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时，引出的是宾语从句。
例如：
I don't know if it is true.
我不知道这事是否真实。
当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲，则引出状语从句。
例如：
I shall go there if I have time.
如果我有时间，我将到那儿去。

when，where，why属于关系副词，都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语，其具体用法如下：
1. 关系副词 when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。例如：
I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。
Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown，is approaching. 下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。
2. 关系副词where引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。例如：
This is the office where he worked. 这就是他工作过的办公室。
She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳门去定居， 在那里她有几个密友。
3. 关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。例如：
I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。
That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。
He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱。
注意：关系代词与关系副词之间并非毫无关联，两者之间存在密切的联系。在备考中尤其要注意以下几点：
1. 很多情况下关系副词用“介词＋which/whom”来代替，其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定，例如：
The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
= The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。
I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.
= I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.
我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。
This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.
= This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held.
这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。
2. 并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。例如：
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school？
你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？
先行词the days表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that.
3. that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when，where，why，且that常可以省略，例如：
This is the time（when/that）he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
〔考题1〕 We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer. （2003北京春）
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词age，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when.
〔考题2〕The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. （2001）
A. until B. that C. when D. where
〔答案〕C
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词hours，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语�虼酥荒芴钊牍叵蹈贝荞hen.
〔考题3〕It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year，____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.（2000北京、安徽春）
A. that B. while C. which D. when
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词moment，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when.
〔考题4〕 After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. （1996）
A. which B. where C. that D. when
〔答案〕 B
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词town，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where.
〔考题5〕We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and some other places， ____ other visitors seldom go. （2002北京）
A. what B. which C. where D. when
〔答案〕 C
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词some other places，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where.
〔考题6〕I walked in our garden，____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （2005辽宁）
A. which B. when C. where D. that
〔答案〕 C
〔解析〕本题中下划线处所引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词garden并在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where.
〔考题7〕 We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （2006山东）
A. where B. that C. when D. which
〔答案〕 A
〔解析〕 point可以理解成地点、位置，其后面的定语从句中缺少地点状语，因此下划线处只能填入引导词where。

请用THAT,WHICH OR WHO以下两个句子合成一个定语从句．
1.Most of the people were American .They lost their lives in the terrorist attacks.

2.The twin towers were attacked and collapsed.They used to be the tallest buildings in the US.

6.The planes were American passenger planes. They were used to attack the World Trade Center by the terrorists.

3.The terrorists must be punished.they launched the terrorist attacks on the US.

转】宾语从句 练习题
gleeflea 发表于 2006-3-20 8:22:48
一．单项选择

1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled

6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who B. what C. when D. that
7 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
8 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
9. She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come
10.I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D.when
11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
12.He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
13.They don't know _______their parents are.

A that B what C why D which
14.Please tell me ______what last year.
A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work

C where your sister works D. where your sister worked
15.She asked me if I knew ______

A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
16. You must remember ________.

A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say

C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
17. Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for

C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
18. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing

C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing

19. Could you tell me________?

A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for

C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in

20.I want to know how long

A.has he been back B．has he come back

C.he has been back D．he has come back

21.Do you know ?

A．what the news are B．what is the news

C．what the news is D．what are the news

22.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.

A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got

23..He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening.

A.what B. if C.that D. how

二.句型转换。

1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)

Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates?

2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句

Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there.

3).You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错)

4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）

I asked him what _______ _______ _______.

5)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)

Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy?

6)Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)

I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.

7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句）

Did you find out whose children the old woman ______ _______ after?

8)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）

My sister told me ______ the moon_______ round the earth.

9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）

10). "Do you want to try something new。" Tom's mother asked him.(同义句转换)

Tom's mother asked him________ ________ ________to try something new.

中考题：
1．In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book．（北京市东城区）
A．that B．how C．what D．if
2．—I don't know _____ Mr．Green will come to see us．
—He will help us with our English．（杭州市）
A．why B．when C．how D．where
3．—We never know _____ the old m an is． —They say he is a teacher. A．what B．who C．which D．where
4．I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers． A．that how B．how that C．when that D．that when
5．—Do you know _____ ？I'm going to see him． —Sorry，I don't know．（北京市海淀区） A．where does Mr．Li live B．where did Mr．Li live
C．where Mr．Li lives D．where Mr．Li lived
6．—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer？
—Sorry，I have no idea．（南京市）
A．／；bought B．has；bought C．did；buy D．does；buy
7．I don't feel very well．Mum asked me _____this morning．（重庆市）
A. what the matter is B．what is wrong
C．what the matter was D．what wrong was
8．—Where is Jack？
—He is away to spend his holiday．He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but I'm not sure _____ ．（南昌市）
A．that B．which C．where D．there
Key: 宾语从句与中考试题 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

简单说就是“句子做宾语”。
1， I love dancing.（词 dancing做宾语）
2. I know you are clever.（句子you are clever做宾语）

以一个完整的句子的形式来充当主句的宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句

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