汉译英 不要软件翻译的
作者&投稿：郦柴 （若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系）
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什么意思？搞不懂，问题呢？
学习跨文化交际知识的最终目的Intercultural knowledge learning is the ultimate goal
语言是传递文化的媒体，文化是语言的管规。学语言即是学文化，教语言即是教文化。“当你讲授一门语言的时候，你就在传递一种复杂的文化习俗、价值观、思维方式、情感、行为系统”。学习语言决不可忽视文化知识的了解和学习。在学习语言的同时，应增强文化差异意识。既要正确理解异国文化，又要理解本族文化。文化差异是导致文化交流障碍的根源，因为它干扰了语言使用并造成负迁移。“文化迁移是文化差异引起的文化干扰，它表现为在跨文化交际中，人们下意识地用自己的文化准则和价值观来指导自己的言行和思想”。因此，正确理解本族文化和强化对异国文化的学习是增强跨文化差异意识，提高文化差异理解能力的保证。
Language is the culture media, culture is the language of the tube. Learning a language is a language learning culture, that is taught culture. "When you teach a foreign language, you can deliver a complex set of cultural traditions and values, ways of thinking, emotional or behavioral system". Learning a language can never ignore cultural knowledge and learning. In learning a language at the same time, should strengthen cultural differences. To correctly understand the exotic culture, and to understand the native culture. Cultural differences are the obstacles in cultural exchanges, because it is a language use and cause interference negative transfer. "Culture is the cultural differences of migration, its performance for cultural interference in cross-cultural communication, people subconsciously with their own cultural norms and values to guide their words and ideas. Therefore, the correct understanding of ethnic culture and strengthen the learning of foreign culture is to enhance intercultural consciousness, improve the cultural differences between comprehension ability.
处理文化差异，跨越语言鸿沟，是跨文化交际中的一个主要任务。文化差异是跨文化交际的障碍，克服文化差异造成的交际障碍已经成为整个世界共同面临的问题，不同的文化有不同的价值取向。文化语境的差异主要表现在历史文化、风俗人情、价值观念、宗教信仰和审美标准等方面。在文化习俗上，在价值观念上，在中国可以随便询问对方的工资、年龄及婚姻等问题，而在西方打听这方面的问题将被视为对个人隐私权的干涉。在思维方式上，中国人习惯采用归纳思维方式，而英美人则习惯采用演绎思维方式，比如中国人在阐述自己的观点之前往往先陈述事实，而英美人则开门见山直接表达观点。中西方文化差异使跨文化交际产生障碍。只有不断增强文化差异意识，加深对不同文化的了解，才能突破交际障碍，实现顺利交际的最终目的。
Dealing with cultural differences, across the language divide, cross-cultural communication is a major task. Cultural differences are cross-cultural communication barriers, cultural differences to overcome communication barriers caused by the whole world has become common problems, different cultures have different values of the community. Cultural Context differences mainly manifested in the history, culture, customs and relationships, values, religious beliefs and aesthetic standards. In the cultural customs, in values, in China can be asked about each other's salary, age and marriage and other issues, while in the West about this problem will be regarded as interference in the privacy of individuals. In the way of thinking, the Chinese people are used to using inductive way of thinking, while Britain and the United States were accustomed to using deductive way of thinking, such as the Chinese people to express their views before the first statement of fact often, while Britain and the United States were the outset to express their views directly. Chinese and Western cultural differences so that the obstacles arising from cross-cultural communication. Only by constantly enhance the awareness of cultural differences, deepen their understanding of different cultures in order to break through communication barriers, to achieve the ultimate goal of a smooth communication.
在跨文化交际和合作中常常产生文化冲突，导致跨文化交际障碍，究其原因大多是由于不同文化在价值取向、思维方式、社会规范、生活方式等方面存在着差异，交际者对这些差异缺乏敏感性，又无意识地进行语用迁移所致。因此，要减少跨文化交际障碍，必须增强交际者的跨文化意识，培养他们的跨文化交际能力。
In cross-cultural communication and cooperation often have a cultural conflict, resulting in cross-cultural communication barriers, The reason is because most of the values of different cultures, ways of thinking, social norms and lifestyles there are differences in communication about the lack of these differences sensitivity, but also carried out unconscious due to pragmatic transfer. Therefore, in order to reduce obstacles to cross-cultural communication, we must strengthen our communication of those cross-cultural awareness, foster their ability to cross-cultural communication.
文化差异
Cultural differences
思维模式不同 。东西方人对外界认知模式存在着差别，因而他们在思维模式方面存在着明显的区别。而思维模式差异会造成交际行为、语篇结构、编译码方式、交际风格等方面的不同。东方人的思维模式以直觉、整体、圆式为特征；而西方人的思维模式则以逻辑、分析、线性为特点。因此，中国人的话语或语篇结构呈圆式。他们说话、写文章不采取直线式或直接切题的方法，而习惯于绕弯子，有一个从次要到主要，从相关信息到话题的发展过程。他们往往把对别人的请求、自己的想法、对别人的意见等内容或关键问题保留到最后，或含而不露。
Thinking mode. Western people on the outside cognition model exist differences in their thinking mode, there exist obvious differences in. The different thought patterns and communicative behavior can cause, discourse structure, decoding way, communication style, etc. The thinking mode of Oriental by intuition, overall, round type; And the thinking mode of westerners in logic, analysis and linear. Therefore, the Chinese words or discourse structure of round. They speak, write articles or not directly to the point of ZhiXianShi method, and used to beat about the bush, a secondary to the main topics, from the information related to the development process. They tend to others, their ideas, request to the opinions of others or key issues as reserved to the end, or concealing.....
文化差异意识的缺乏
The lack of awareness of cultural differences
人们在社会化的过程中无意识地习得了本民族的价值观念、思维模式、交往规则或社会语言规则以及解释规范、心理态度等，致使他们在跨文化交际时，不知不觉中带着与自身文化相应的社会..
People in the process of socialization unconsciously acquire this nation's values and thinking mode, the association rules or social norms, rules of language and explain the psychological attitude that they in cross-cultural communication, imperceptible in with their own culture with the corresponding social..
Intercultural knowledge learning is the ultimate goal
Language is the culture media, culture is the language of the tube. Learning a language is a language learning culture, that is taught culture. "When you teach a foreign language, you can deliver a complex set of cultural traditions and values, ways of thinking, emotional or behavioral system". Learning a language can never ignore cultural knowledge and learning. In learning a language at the same time, should strengthen cultural differences. To correctly understand the exotic culture, and to understand the native culture. Cultural differences are the obstacles in cultural exchanges, because it is a language use and cause interference negative transfer. "Culture is the cultural differences of migration, its performance for cultural interference in cross-cultural communication, people subconsciously with their own cultural norms and values to guide their words and ideas. Therefore, the correct understanding of ethnic culture and strengthen the learning of foreign culture is to enhance intercultural consciousness, improve the cultural differences between comprehension ability.
Dealing with cultural differences, divide, the language is crossing in cross-cultural communication is a major task. Cultural differences are cross-cultural communication barriers, cultural differences to overcome communication barriers has become the common problems facing the world, different cultures have different values. Cultural differences is mainly manifested in the context of history culture and customs, religious beliefs and values, aesthetic standards, etc. In the culture and customs, in values, in China can literally ask salary, age and marital problems, while western about these issues will be deemed to be the interference of privacy. In the way of thinking, Chinese habit USES inductive method, and the Anglo-American mode of thinking habit is using deductive, such as Chinese view of his first before the facts, and often come straight to the point directly expression and others. Culture differences makes cross-cultural communication difficulties will arise. Only by constantly strengthen cultural differences, deepen awareness and understanding of different cultures can achieve breakthroughs in communication barriers, the final purpose of smooth communication. Heart,
In cross-cultural communication and cooperation in the cultural conflict, often made in cross-cultural communication barriers, investigate its reason is mostly due to the different cultural value tropism, the thinking mode, social norms, lifestyle differences of these differences, communication, and lacks sensitiity to pragmatics transfer unconsciously. Therefore, to reduce the intercultural communicative obstacles, must strengthen the communication of cross-cultural awareness, cultivate their ability to cross-cultural communication.
Cultural differences
Thinking mode. Western people on the outside cognition model exist differences in their thinking mode, there exist obvious differences in. The different thought patterns and communicative behavior can cause, discourse structure, decoding way, communication style, etc. The thinking mode of Oriental by intuition, overall, round type; And the thinking mode of westerners in logic, analysis and linear. Therefore, the Chinese words or discourse structure of round. They speak, write articles or not directly to the point of ZhiXianShi method, and used to beat about the bush, a secondary to the main topics, from the information related to the development process. They tend to others, their ideas, request to the opinions of others or key issues as reserved to the end, or concealing.
The lack of consciousness of cultural differences
People in the process of socialization unconsciously acquire this nation's values and thinking mode, the association rules or social norms, rules of language and explain the psychological attitude that they in cross-cultural communication, imperceptible in with their own culture with the corresponding social
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