关于雨花石和中国结的英文简介

雨花石的英文简介两句话~

Rain flower pebbles are produced in Nanjing. They are very famous in China and popular among the Chinese people.

rain-flower pebble

关于雨花石的英译名
作者：李立文 来源：《雨花石》
随着国际交往频繁，雨花石的名声日旷，今后来中国南京的国际友人不断增加。因此让中国雨花石展示特有风采与民族赏石文化，雨花石更确切的英译名至关重要。

目前雨花石译名有：Yuhua Stone,这是亚运会时雨花石展用过的，按音译是一般惯例，自然科学多用这种译法，即地名加石头的命名，如雨花台层（Yuhuatai Formation）,中国人一看”Yuhua Stone”就知道是指雨花台的卵石，即雨花石。可是外国人就不能理解这个含义，“雨花”（Yuhua）只能表示地名的发音，但是外国人不了解“雨花石” 的神话内涵。“Stone”是统称，一般只指石头，如太湖石。雨花石用于“石”尚可，而对于经过磨圆的卵石，雨花石似乎不太确切。南京中华奇石馆为改进对雨花石“雨花”的含义，把“Yuhua”译为“rainflower”，这是企图把“雨花”的涵义表达出来，让外国人能理解“雨花”的内涵，这个译法，好象比音译的“Yuhua”（雨花）进了一步。但其中的“stone”仍嫌有些不切实义之感。为了避免“stone”译法的不确切，《雨花石珍品集》用地名加卵石(pebble),把“Yuhua”译为 “rain flower”,雨花石译为“rain flower pebble”,这个译法似乎比用“stone”好了，它可以表示为圆滑经磨光的小砾石，这个译法把雨花石的形象进一步表达出来了。可是外国人仍然不理解”雨花“和”“石”的关系，最大的遗憾是“rain”与“flower”缺乏内在的联系，如何才能达到表达其内在联系的目的呢？

加拿大的名明先生认为可以译为“Yuhua pebble”，雨花表示地名南京有“雨花台”，或可译为“colorful pebble”,表示多彩石之意，供雨花石藏家和雨花石爱好者参考。我们把这译名征求有关同志，多数人觉得后者一目了然，通俗易懂，如果加“Yuhua” 即 “Yuhua colorful pebble”,既有产地的“雨花台”的名，又有多彩之意，就更好了。此译法与有人称雨花石为“雨花彩石”相吻合，其优点是口语化，形象化，切合南京旅游纪念品，为大多数人所接受，可是它仍然无法达到“天雨花”这个美妙神话的内涵，而且“雨花”已有彩色之意，“雨花”又是地名，有多重含义。一个既要反映雨花石的形态色彩又有表达“天雨花”的内涵，让外国人了解的译法，确是不易，值得推敲。

为了雨花石的译名更能表达、贴近“天降雨花”的内涵，笔者建议，译为“rain-flower pebble”,能否用“rain”再用连字符将“flower pebble”联起来，成为“rain-flower pebble”，这样便可以把“雨花”与“石”作为有机的组成，西方人便能理解“像雨一样落下的“花石”或“天雨（成）花”；因降雨而显露出色彩（图案）的石子”，似乎较为贴近“天降雨花”神话的内涵。此译名，笔者征求过美国人和在美的华裔，以及美国的中学生，他们普遍认为“rain-flower pebble”将“rain”和“flower”连在一起，作为“雨花”来修饰卵石“peb-ble”，同时也认为“pebble（卵石）”的译名比 “Stone”或“gravel”要好。因为卵石更有欣赏的价值，比“Stone”或“gravel”的科学名称译名更好。我们也希望再多听听来自国内与国际友人的意见，把神奇的雨花石内涵更好地表达出来，使其译文更臻完善。

Stone

  Introduction

   Generally referred to stone people usually associate it with: Nanjing Yuhuatai, all thought that the stone is produced in Yuhuatai area, in fact, this is only the people's misunderstanding.

   Ornamental Stones stone is one of the world in a wonderful, beautiful colors and patterns available for viewing. She mainly from the Yangtze River, Nanjing has beautiful scenery and Liuhe. Stone in order to "spend" the name of flower and crown rain, beautiful.

history and legend

   Gestation to stone formation, after the formation of primary, secondary layer of gravel and sediment removal of these three stages of the complex and lengthy, but also can be experienced significant romantic side of the vicissitudes of life. Stone, is a natural flower agate, mainly produced in Luhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, for the nation's largest stone origin. Produced by the quality of stone, shape, pattern, color, was like, six mood in both the United States, known as "heaven-sent David, the Chinese a must." Beautiful stone was appreciated, collectors have thousands of years of history, in recent years, weathering complex, the stone much at home and abroad who favor and become a gift from relatives and friends and enjoy a collection of precious gifts.

   Stone unique to the United States for China's stone, in百千kinds of stones, the stone can be called the best in Queens. Referred to stone, is a head start on the stone myth: the ancient legend of the platform is a Yuhuatai Yuhuatai concept, Yuhuatai Yuhuatai concept in a real person. Yuhuatai live a dignified and wise, deep Ruoxu, he staged a sit-in rather than by the Christian and Missionary Alliance, as if their is a MacGraw玄秘by the book. One day, Yuhuatai real open altar preaching. Implication, hanging river water into the root of the matter, cough spit into beads, the charm of the character and wisdom shocked many people moved heaven and even the gods, gods command joy of colorful rainy weather to rain. Colorful rainy weather杂沓shoulder to shoulder and the next one after another, like a treasure in the National Palace Museum in the landscape scroll Mi Fu. Yuhuatai泠泠rainwater percussion on stage in a粒粒turned into a stone like agate.

Chemical composition

   Silica stone composition is mainly composed of red iron ions and ferrous ions. Stone is a stone for the agate, opal, chalcedony, quartz pebbles, etc., found in the riverbed, river terrace sediments, of which the most famous Nanjing Yuhuatai stone output. Stone is divided into small two types of stone and rough stone, small stones to agate mainly stone delicate, bright colors, rounding high Jingying lovely; coarse to coarse stone, quartz or metamorphic rock mainly low value . Beautiful stone often can present a variety of landscape, figures, birds, animals, trees, such as a scene of people lost in conjunction Pina, thoughts into the stone, very beautiful.

   As a result of a wide range of stone, its causes and chemical composition is extremely complex. To agate gravel for example, from the original agate. Is generally believed that agate is a native of residual magmatic hydrothermal formation. Such hydrothermal filling in the volcanic rocks such as basalt, rhyolite gap as a result of the gap of different shapes, or into agate ball, or into a vein agate. After the role of the forces of nature, native agate falling out after the impact of flash floods, water handling, ground into gravel. This is what we have seen in the gravel layer Yuhuatai agate stone.

   Stria stone its surprising色艳known to the world of natural beauty. It is the ring-shaped pattern around the volcanic silica glue gap cavity, the wall began, from the outside-in multi-layered sediment layers formed. In its growth process, often with color ions and compounds the cycle of proliferation. Agate raw main chemical composition is silicon dioxide, followed by a small amount of iron oxide and traces of manganese, copper, aluminum, magnesium and other elements and compounds. They themselves have different colors, such as red for iron, copper for blue, purple for manganese, yellow translucent stone for myeloid colloidal silicon dioxide, emerald green color with minerals and so on; as a result of these ions into dioxide pigment hydrothermal silicon content in different types and, thus showing a bias, changing color depth, so colorful and beautiful scenery.Chinese knot

Historical presentation

   Code 70000 to the hundreds of thousands of years ago before the end of the Paleolithic Age, when the Shanding cave people already know that the use of bone needles and line mending skills, will be wearing animal skins stitched together to cover their bodies in the body to keep out the cold, that is to say, the Peak-dong people already know how to tie the rope together, then all sorts of knots on the gradual development of out. Early Chinese literature on the knot of the records, such as the I Ching: "The Elder结绳记事, saints also future generations of mutual covenant by the book." Han Zheng Xuan Zhouyi Note: The "big event of its rope knot, small nodules of its rope."

   Chinese knots from Paleolithic sewing knot, extended to the rites of the Han Dynasty Notepad,再演into today's decorative craft. Chou people wear jade portable often decorative Chinese knot, and the Warring States Period Bronze There is also a Chinese knot pattern continues until the Qing dynasty Chinese knot is really popular in the folk art of the time, when many used to interior decoration, gifts among friends and relatives and personal ornaments of the Walkman. In 69 years (1980), a group from Taiwan art-loving friends rope knot widely collected and research, because of its delicate appearance of symmetry, can represent a long history of the Chinese nation, in line with the practices of traditional Chinese decoration and aesthetic concepts, it is named for the Chinese knot.

   Chinese knot establishment, the community must be prepared, pump, repair process. The provision of various node is fixed, but may decide to pump knot elastic body, ears wing length, smooth and neat lines, you can fully demonstrate the art editor of the skills and self-cultivation. Repair, compared with the final knot modification, such as sewing beads, sizing and so on. Node changes as a result of numerous and elegant decoration, made of wire used in addition to cotton, hemp, silk, nylon and皮线, there are gold and silver and other metal wire can be used with, but also enhance the function of decorative Chinese knot, and the scope of application. Whether it is a variety of jewelry, clothing accessories and gift packaging landscaping, as well as a variety of indoor furnishings decorative items can be added with Chinese knot to beauty.

   Chinese knot is not only sleek, color variety, at the same time naming works, such as the "double life", "Double Happiness", "Ching Cheung Fung-lin," "跃龙门carp," "Fushou have both", "good luck", "more than Jiqing "," FANG Sheng Ping'an "... and so on, are unique to the Chinese auspicious symbol of good will of those of special significance to the relatives and friends played guitar, not only filled with joy and a thousand Italian intelligence million blessing.

   At present, China's basic knot knot more than 10 kinds of law, its name is based on the shape of knots, use, or the origin and meaning of the original names.

   For example,

   1. Two-money knot: the shape of ancient Chinese coins like two semi-stacked format, named.

   2. Button knot: used to fastens clothing, named after its function.

   3. Oxalis knot: its three external ear like Oxalis leaves, hence the name.

   4. Mission Kam knot: appearance similar Hanagata, named. Kam-knot knot-shaped Mission successful, dynamic, similar Hanagata guitar body is small but beautiful and not easy to loose, often inlaid stone beads, very beautiful.

   5. Cross knot: Colorectal the two sides, one for a word, one for the Crusaders, known as Cross knot.

   6. Auspicious knot: auspicious became an extension of Cross knot is also one of the oldest decorative knot, there are auspicious meaning auspicious. Law made simple, guitar-shaped appearance, but also very dynamic and very broad applications, when used alone, if the hoisting of heavy, guitar-shaped easy to deformation, may be fixed amorphous plastic.

   7. Million characters knot: the knot body lines to as a symbol of Buddhism, named.

   8. Disk long knot: basic shape as one of the Buddhist Babao disk long, long plate is a symbol of carrying out the circle is the origin of all things, is the most important one of the basic knot, many changes are often the main knot knot, but also because China has a close knot symmetrical features, so the visual sensory easily by ordinary people like.

   9. Caisson knot: compact structure, beautiful, like the ancient courtyard derived from the name. Well homonym and Kam, also known as caisson.

   10. Ping knot: Ping node is based on first-line or a dual axis, another line formed at both ends of the shuttle around the axis, flat-node uses a wide range of thickness can be used to connect the same string, but also the preparation of bracelets,挂链and other accessories.

   Chinese knot like Chinese calligraphy and painting, sculpture, ceramics, dishes, as it is easy to identify the foreigners out, we can see Chinese knots representative of the Chinese nation.

    Chinese knot Arts is unique to China handmade folk art knitting, it its unique oriental charm, rich and colorful changes, fully embodies the Chinese people's wisdom and profound culture. Bid to host the Olympic Games in Beijing, the Chinese knot as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture by a friend's favorite countries.

   Chinese people will be quite a long time ago learned how to tie a knot. And 『』 knot has been people's lives in China accounted for a decisive position, balance the importance of having this reason, the main one of the reasons is because it is a very practical technology. This can be from a number of historical and traditional customs see a clue: The earliest record

   As early as the late Paleolithic, that is, the culture of the Zhoukoudian Ruins Shanding cave people, they found bone needles 』『 existence. Since there are needles, then it also must have rope lines, it concluded that, when a simple guitar string and sewing technology should have been taking shape.

   1, the predecessor of text

   Copulative easy set: 『结绳记事Elder, generations of saints easy to book』 Lease, and and Zheng Xuan also note that the Book of Changes; 『big big knot of its rope, the rope』 small nodule in the Warring States Period Bronze seen Digital symbols are still rope knot shape, from these historical information, the knot was used as auxiliary memory is indeed a tool, it can be said to be the predecessor of the text.

   2, dressed in the habit of

   1) Clothing

   The earliest clothes do not today's buttons, zippers and other accessories, so if their clothes fastened, it can only use this method to tie a knot衣带.

   2) Yu-allocation

   Chinese people have always had the habit of Peiyu, ancient jade shapes Huang Yuh-pei, Yulong, jade and other □. Both in its drilling a small hole in order to cross the rope, Yuh-pei grades in these clothes. In addition, there are a set of Yuh-pei is a good combination of several different types of Yuh-pei Cheng Lin-lin sound of loud reading the long list, and its link to the method of course, by wearing non-knotted rope not.

   3) Application

   Print button and the mirror button

   An old Chinese saying to the Department of Indian section supervisor wear in his habits, the Chinese have been handed down more than India, Fang Fang and India have a button. Ancient bronze mirrors and the back of the central authorities have cast there mirror button, you can tether in order to facilitate the hand-held.
Decorative knot meaning: First, from the knot decorated shape; Second, select the homonym

   1. FANG Sheng knot - a safe journey home

   2. Double Butterfly knot - BizArt Shuangfei

   3. Ruyi knot -吉祥如意

   4. Mission Kam knot - best for the future

   5. XIANGYUN knot - XIANGYUN continuous

   6. Double Happiness knot - double

   7. Guihua knot - boundless wealth

   8. Reunion knot - a happy reunion

   9. Have this knot - sons and daughters have both

   10. Two-knot - sources Hengtong

   11. Beas knot - more than Jiqing

   12. Disk long knot - longevity centenarians

   13. Ping'an knot - wishful Ping'an

   14. Tongxin knot - never tie the knot

   15. Dual-link - both pairs

   16. Lei knot - more than Jiqing

   17 Fan Yi Pan knot - rock-solid as a mountain

china yuhuashi and zhongguo jie

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晋源区18681565196： 关于雨花石和中国结的英文简介 - ？
令萧盖三： china yuhuashi and zhongguo jie

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令萧盖三：[答案] Chinese knot,each knot is from start to finish with a knot made from silk,every node and in accordance with its basic form,... 2-D lines.It shows him with the wisdom of the Qing Zhi is the ancient Chinese civilization in one aspect. 中国结,每一个结从头到...

晋源区18681565196： 雨花石的英文简介两句话 - ？
令萧盖三： Rain flower pebbles are produced in Nanjing. They are very famous in China and popular among the Chinese people.

晋源区18681565196： 中国结(英文介绍)介绍一下中国结要用英文.大哥大姐帮帮忙 - ？
令萧盖三：[答案] Chinese knot,each knot is from start to finish with a knot made from silk,every node and in accordance with its basic form,naming Italy.To a different node decorated with each other together,or other ...

晋源区18681565196： 介绍中国特色小物件 的高中英语作文 - ？
令萧盖三： 中国结Chinese knot, each knot is from start to finish with a knot made from silk, every node and in accordance with its basic form, naming Italy. To a different node decorated with each other together, or other accessories with auspicious patterns ...

晋源区18681565196： 雨花石的英文是什么? - ？
令萧盖三： rain-flower pebble 关于雨花石的英译名 作者:李立文 来源:《雨花石》 随着国际交往频繁,雨花石的名声日旷,今后来中国南京的国际友人不断增加.因此让中国雨花石展示特有风采与民族赏石文化,雨花石更确切的英译名至关重要.目前雨...

晋源区18681565196： 中国结的外观要怎么用英语表达出来啊 - ？
令萧盖三： The appearance of Chinese knot.单是这句话是这样翻译的,不过我想你需要的是用英语介绍中国结的外观:The characteristic of Chinese Knot is that every knot is made of a single rope and named by its specific form and meaning. By combining...

晋源区18681565196： 有关中国结的英文介绍? - ？
令萧盖三： http://chineseknotting.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_knotting