关系代词that who whom whose which 和关系副词where when why的用法如何区分?
关系代词
1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)
2) 关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物
3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子,例如:
关系副词
1.关系副词兼有副词与连接词两种作用。
2.关系副词所引导的形容词子句用于修饰主要子句中的某一名词或代名词,被修饰的词称作先行词,关系副词要放在先行词之后。
3.关系副词主要有四个,即when, where, why, how。此外the也可作关系副词引导副词子句。
4.time,day,year,place,house,reason,way等作先行词时可以被省略,其后的子句不再是形容词子句,而变成名词子句或副词子句。
5.关系副词有限定用法,指的是关系副词引导的形容词子句只修饰先行词。
6.关系副词有补述用法,即关系副词引导的是对等子句而不是形容词子句,主要用于对主要子句中的不足之处加以补充,前面都要加逗点与主要子句分开。
7.wherever,whenever,however是复合关系副词,表示"不论",引导一个修饰主要子句里的动词的副词子句,可加强语气或表示让步。
参考 http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/81982254.html
在定语从句中
1、关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose
指人:who, whom, whose, that
指物:which, that,whose
2、关系副词:when,where,why
★当从句的句子完整时,用关系副词;
当从句的句子不完整时,用关系代词。
(关系代词+介词in/on/at/of等=关系副词)
作主语,先行词是人用who/that
先行词是物用which/that
eg.一个男孩a boy
一个能讲三国语言的男孩the boy who/that can speak three foreign languages
一扇门a door
一扇木制的门the door which/taht is made of wood
作宾语,先行词是人用whom/that(who)
先行词是物用which/that
eg.一个女孩a girl
一个警察正在找的女孩the girl whom/that the police are looking for
一把钥匙a key
一把我昨天弄丢了的钥匙the key which/that I lost yesterday
whose 作定语,先行词可以使人,也可以是物,形式为whose + n.
一位学生a student
一位母亲生病的学生the student whose mother is ill
一个房子a house
一个窗子面朝南的房子the house whose windows face south
eg.I saw a tree. Its leaves were black.
→I saw a tree whose leaves were black.
=I saw a tree of which the leaves were black.
先行词指人:
whose + n. =the + n.+ of whom(或of whom + the + n.)
先行词指物:
whose + n. =the + n.+ of which(或of which.+ the + n.)
1、关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose
指人:who, whom, whose, that
指物:which, that,whose
2、关系副词:when,where,why
★当从句的句子完整时,用关系副词;
当从句的句子不完整时,用关系代词。
(关系代词+介词in/on/at/of等=关系副词)
作主语,先行词是人用who/that
先行词是物用which/that
eg.一个男孩a boy
一个能讲三国语言的男孩the boy who/that can speak three foreign languages
一扇门a door
一扇木制的门the door which/taht is made of wood
作宾语,先行词是人用whom/that(who)
先行词是物用which/that
eg.一个女孩a girl
一个警察正在找的女孩the girl whom/that the police are looking for
一把钥匙a key
一把我昨天弄丢了的钥匙the key which/that I lost yesterday
whose 作定语,先行词可以使人,也可以是物,形式为whose + n.
一位学生a student
一位母亲生病的学生the student whose mother is ill
一个房子a house
一个窗子面朝南的房子the house whose windows face south
eg.I saw a tree. Its leaves were black.
→I saw a tree whose leaves were black.
=I saw a tree of which the leaves were black.
先行词指人:
whose + n. =the + n.+ of whom(或of whom + the + n.)
先行词指物:
whose + n. =the + n.+ of which(或of which.+ the + n.)
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