一对啄木鸟 西南联大书评

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一对啄木鸟西南联大书评如下

The introduction of the author

A PAIR OF WOODPECKERS《一对啄木鸟》,byan anonymous contributor,in The Atlantic Monthly magazine,Vol.CLIl.No.5,pp.637,638,November.1933.

Notes

一篇有关啄木鸟的小短文。作者仔细观察了一对啄木鸟夫妇的日常后,写下的文章。简言之就是一只负责"hatch the eggs",另一只负责"bring back the bacon"养家糊口(这里的bacon在文章中具体应该指的是grubs)的日常故事。读完看后面的问题才发现编者提了一个问题:

How does the author make this little sketch a commentary on human married life?作者是如何用这篇小短文来评论人类的婚姻生活的呢?

带着这个问题再来读一遍文章就觉得顿时有趣好多。啄木鸟夫妇本来各司其职,正好最近天凉了虫子变少了,然后就多了很多矛盾。日常捉不到虫一方被数落、被数落→演变成互相斗嘴→一方服软又去捉虫……文中的词都用得很拟人化,这样一看就觉得蛮好玩的。一起来学一学文章中出现的一些词和句子吧~exuberant foliage 茂盛的树叶 /'fouli.Id3/√ exuberant /rg'zu:.ba.ant/ adj.

①(especially of people and their behaviour)very energetic(形容人尤指人或其行为)精力充沛的,热情洋溢的,兴高采烈的

eg. Young and exuberant, he symbolizes Italy's new vitality.

青春年少、意气风发,他代表了意大利朝气蓬勃的新生力量。②(of plants)strong and growing quickly

(植物)茁壮的,茂盛的

get/take possession of sth 占有,拥有√ 重点讲讲possession这个词/pe'ze【en/

√  n.①拥有,占有;具有②所有物,个人物品;财产③殖民地,托管地;属地

Eg.The possession of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness.

拥有大量金钱并不能保证一定会幸福。He was found in possession of explosives. 他被发现私藏爆炸物。

Please remember to take all your personal possessions with you when you leave the aircraft.

下飞机时请记得携带好所有个人物品。另外 self-possession  表示“镇定、沉着”→衍生一下动词possess 2种意思

to have or own something,or to have a particular quallty 拥有;具有

·I donT nossess a single DVD(= I donT have even one DVD). 我一张DVD光盘报没有。

·In the past the root of this plant was thought to nossess magical powers 过去这种植物的根被认为具有神奇的力量。

(of a wish or an idea) to take control over a person's mind,making that person behave in a very strange way (欲望或想法)影响,控制,支配

·[-to intinitive 1 Whatever possessedhim to wear that appalling jacket!他中了什么邪竟穿了那件怪异的夹克衫!recall sth 回想起

动词"回忆起;回想起;记得;使联想起;勾起(联想)"The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war. 这位老人回忆起战前这座城市的样子。

[+(that)] He recalled(that)he had sent the letter over a month ago. L+question word Can you recall what happened last night?

[+-ing verb] She recalled seeing him Qutside the shop on the night of the robbery.

她记得在发生抢劫案的那天晚上在商店外面见过他。

来自 <https://dictionary cambridge org/dictionary/english-chinese-simplified/recall>The film recalls the events of First World War. 他的画作使人联想起一战的事情。

chatter v/n.①唠叨;喋喋不休②(指动物)叽叽喳喳,吱吱叫,咯咯叫

Eg.Like most fathers when under fire,his woodpeckership assumed an indifferent air, as if to say, "I don't mind your senseless chatter in the least"

像多数被数落了的爸爸们一样,雄性啄木鸟看起来跟平时一样淡定,如同在说:  "你就唠叨吧,反正我压根不当回事.

He could hear the chatter of birds in the trees overhead. 他可以听见鸟儿在头顶的树上叽喳喳的叫声。

demented adj.忧虑失常的;疯狂的;昏了头的(crazy or mad;deprived of reason)Eg. She was nearly demented with worry when her son didn't come home.

当儿子没有回家时,她几乎要急疯了。节选自原文

The female remained, still showing only thehead and neck from behind the stub,and eyed me in that breathless, frozen stillness socharacteristic of a frightened bird. Three automobiles roared past like huge demented beetles, but she did not stir.

此时,雌鸟留在树干后,只露出头和颈,盯着我,屏住气息,纹丝不动,俨然一幅惊弓之鸟状。三辆汽车呼啸而过,犹如发疯的巨型甲虫,而她还是丝毫未动。elaborate curtsy 周到的礼节incubating eggs 孵蛋

√ 看到incubate觉得非常眼熟,比较熟悉的是他的另一个意思作动词表示“潜伏”

incubation period表示“潜伏期”下面摘录了一段原文中的段落,觉得很能反映出作者的意趣。

I soon discovered why she was not sitting on those eggs. As in all well-regulated families, each member of the partnership hadassumed certain duties. She was to hatch the eggs, and he, in vulgar phrase, was to "bring home the bacon." Apparently he was not fulfilling his part of the agreement. 

He had scarcely disappeared into the forest when she began a rapid, high-keyed chatter, evidentlybegging for more grubs. She kept this up for several minutes, occasionally opening her mouth wide,as if gasping for breath. 

When, in spite of her coaxing, the male did not return,she changed her tactics.Pitching her voice on a much lower key, she kept up a staccato calling that reverberated through the forest.

/rr'v3:ba.ert//ste ka.tou/

很快我发现,雌鸟并没在孵蛋。在一个井然有序的家庭里,每位成员要承担起一定的义务。因此,她负责孵蛋,而他呢,通俗点说就要负责“养家糊口”。他的任务显然没有完成。因为他离去的身影还没完全消失在林中,雌鸟就发出又急又尖的叫声,显然企盼着更多的食物。

接下来的好几分钟里,她一直这样,偶尔嘴巴张得很开,好似喘不过气来。干呼万唤之后,他还没回来,这时雌鸟便换了手段,把叫声压低,声音断断续续地在树林间回荡。

scold him as a fishwife像泼妇一样斥责起自己的丈夫其实文章中描述啄木鸟妻子责备丈夫的用词都蛮形象的。比如

Somewhat abashed, the male withdrew toa dead branch on the other side of the stub;but she sensed the fact that he was loafing there,and craning her head round as far as she could without falling out of the nest, resumed her recriminations.

雄鸟感到有些无所适从,便飞到了树干另一边的枯树枝上,避避风头。而她以为雄鸟去那里游手好闲了,于是便站稳脚跟,伸出头去,转动着脖子,继续斥责唠叨。

recrimination n.相互指责;反诉;反责→recriminatory adj.反责的;反诉的又比如下面这一段

Raising her voice to something like a scream, she turned loose upon him a torrent of abuse before she swallowed it, and as soon as itwas down resumed her tongue-lashing. 冲他一通数落后,她才开始享受觅来的食物。然后虫子刚刚下肚,就又继续对他喋喋不休。

tongue-lashing noun[C]-intormat

uktp/tan/m/usto/tan/m/

If you give someone a tongue-lashingyou speak angrily to that person about something that they have done wrong. (对犯错者的)怒斥,训斥

· He got a real tongue lashing after the game. 赛后他受到了严厉的指责。

最后想提一下有点在意的一个词

prevailing storms

√ 这里的 prevailing怎么理解让我有点疑惑。prevailing形容词 最常用的意思是"盛行的;现有的;通行的"Eg.the prevailing attitude

普遍的观点

字典上还查到一个意思,觉得很贴切prevailing wind

a wind that usually blows in a particular direction 某地常刮的风,盛行风

·The town is kept cool by the prevailing westerly winds. 由于西风盛行,这个城镇很凉爽。文中的例句是

I noticed that the opening was slightly V-shaped at the bottom, that it faced away from the prevailing storms but toward the sun.

作者注意到啄木鸟的洞口下缘略成V字形,既可向阳采光,又可避风遮雨。

如果要单拎出来的,大概可以理解为 盛行暴风? 类似的意思本身动词prevail也有两个常用意思“①盛行②占优势,占上风”Eg. This attitude still prevails among the middle classes. 这种观点在中产阶级中仍然很普遍。

I am sure that common sense will prevail in the end. 我相信常识最终会获胜。

And did reason prevail over (= becomea more powerful influence than) emotion?理智战胜了情感吗?

衍生出的形容词prevalent adj流行的,盛行的,普遍的




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