初中二年级上期的必背短语??谢谢

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初中二年级上期学生常用英语短语与词汇 求~!~

Review of Unit 1-6
I. language goals (语言目标)
1. Talk about how often you do things 谈论做事情的频率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
谈论健康话题以及提出建议。
3. Talk about future plans.
谈论未来的计划/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
谈论到达某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
学会发出,接受和拒绝邀请并说出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
学会谈论个人品质以及如何比较人们。
II. Key Phrases (重点短语):
1. how often 多长时间一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 许多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…开始
6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一个月两次
11. be good for 对…有好处
12. once in a while 偶尔
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
20. be stressed out 紧张
21. listen to … 听…
22. get tired 变的疲劳
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻;目前
25. watch TV 看电视
26. play basketball 打篮球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放松
30. sports camp 运动野营
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光
33. go away 离开
34. get back to school 返回学校
35. stay for a week 呆一个星期
36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租录像带
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考虑
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机
42. get to 到达
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站
45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行
46. ride a bike 骑自行车
47. bus stop 公共汽车站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 离开去…
50. school bus 学校班车
51. the early bus 早班车
52. be different from 与…不同
53. half past six 六点半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多于
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比赛
60. school team 校队
61. come over to 过来到…
62. the day after tomorrow 后天
63. be good at 擅长于…
64. two years ago 两年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起来一样
69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型:
Unit 1:
1. -What do you usually do on weekends?
-I usually go to the movies.
2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends?
-He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. -What is she doing for vacation?
-She is babysitting her little sister.
-That sounds nice / interesting.
2. -When are you going?
-I’m going on Monday.
3. -Where are they going?
-They are going to Tibet.
4. -Who is she going with?
-She is going with her parents.
5. -How long is he staying.
-He is staying for a week.
6. -How is the weather there?
-I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. -How do you get to school?
-I get to school by bus.
2. -How does he go to work?
-He usually walks to school.
3. -How long does it take?
-It takes about twenty minutes.
4. -How far is it from his home to school?
-It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
-Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
-No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday?
-When is it?
-It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is (a little)taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?

IV. Grammar语法:
Unit 1:
1. 表频率的词汇和短语:
always usually often never hardly ever
sometimes seldom once a day twice a month
three times a week every two weeks once in a while
2. 做事情的频率(how often you do things):
-What do you usually do in the morning?
-I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden.
I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food.
3. 如何提问频率“多久一次”
-How often does he play tennis?
-He plays tennis every day.

-How often do you drink milk?
-I drink milk once a day.

-How often do they go to the movies?
-Sometimes.

Unit 2:
1. 询问别人身体状况:
What’s wrong with you?
What’s the matter with you?
What’s the trouble?
2. 提出建议(give advice and make suggestions)
-What’s wrong with you?
-I have a headache.
-You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn’t work late.
-I have a fever.
-You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn’t be stressed out.

Unit 3:
一般将来时:
1. 现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
-What are you doing for vacation?
-I’m visiting Tibet.
-Where are you going on May Day?
-I’m going to the beach.

-How many students are coming to out party tomorrow?
-Fifty.
2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事,表示“人”打算,计划,决定要去做的事。
They are going to travel in China.
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
-Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up?
-Yes, I am.
3. 用“shall+动词原形”或“will+动词原形”表示一般将来时。
(shall只用于第一人称)
We shall go to the beach this Sunday.
My brother will finish middle school in a year.
These birds won’t fly to the south in winter.
When will they begin the work?

Unit 4:
谈论如何到达某地,以及以何种方式到达某地。
-How do you get to the museum?
-I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum.
注意区别:
(1)take the bus = go by bus
eg: I take the bus to get to school.
= I get to school by bus.
take the train = go by train
eg: He takes the train to go to school.
He gets to school by train.
take the subway = go by subway
take a taxi = go by taxi
go in a car = go by car
ride a bike = go by bike
walk = go on foot

How引导的疑问句:
1. How does Lucia get to work? (提问方式“如何”)
2. Dave is going to travel to Paris by plane. How long does it take?
(提问时间长短“多长时间”)
3. How far is it from the post office to the museum?
(提问距离“多远”)
4. How often does Kate swim in the river? (提问频率“多久一次”)
5. How old is the little boy? (提问年龄“多大”)
6. How many cows are there? (提问数量“多少”many后跟可数名词)
7. How much water is there in the bottle?
(提问数量“多少”much后跟不可数名词)
8. How much is the doll?
(提问价钱“多少钱”)
9. How tall is his teacher?
(提问高度“多高”)
10. How was the weather?
(提问程度“怎样”)
Unit 5
情态动词“can”表示可能性,或现在决定将来的事。
练习用“Can …? ”发出邀请,接受或拒绝并给出原因:
-Can you come to my party on Monday?
-Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to study for a test.
-Can she go to the movies?
-No, she can’t. She has to do her homework.
-Can he go to the football game tomorrow?
-No, he can’t. He has a driving lessons.
-Can they go to the concert tonight?
-No, they can’t. They are visiting their uncle.

Unit 6:
形容词比较级:
形容词比较级是用来表示事物的等级差别。
I. 形容词比较级的构成:
规则变化:
1. 一般单音节词末尾加-er。
tall-taller great-greater
2. 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r。
nice-nicer large-larger able-abler
3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er。
big-bigger hot-hotter
4. “辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er。
easy-easier busy-busier
5. 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er.
clever-cleverer narrow-narrower
6. 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more来构成比较级。
important-more important beautiful-more beautiful
不规则变化:
good-better
well(健康的)-better
bad-worse ill-worse
old-older / elder
many-more
much-more
little(少的)-less
far(远的)-farther / further

II. 比较级句型:
1. 比较级+than … …比…较为
A +动词+形容词比较级+than+B.
两者相比较,A比B更…一些。
I am older than you.
Mary is happier than Jane.
His brother is younger than I(me).
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan.
My sister has longer hair than Tara.
Her mother is thinner than her father.
Jack is taller than Tom.
2. as…as
A+动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.表示A和B两者比较,程度相同,“…和…相同”。
My uncle is as tall as your father.
Tom is as honest as John.
My dog is as old as that one.
A…+not+as+形容词原级+as+B 表示A,B两者程度不同,即A不如B那么…
My uncle is not as tall as your father.
Tom is not as honest as John.
This jacket is not as cheap as that one.
3. the same as 与…相同。
My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet.
A good friend likes to do the same things as me.
参考资料:http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/2104547.html

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump

  2 (比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样

  3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

  4 agree with sb 赞成某人

  5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

  6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界

  7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg:I will go along with you.我将和你一起去。The students planted trees along with their teachers.学生同老师们一起种树。

  8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

  9 as you can see 你是知道的

  10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg:ask you for my book

  11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

  12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

  13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen.I am at the age of sixteen.

  14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

  15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg:At the end of the day

  16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

  17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg:I am / feel confident of my spoken English.I feel that I can pass the test.

  18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

  19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg:She is able to sing.She can sing.

  20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg:she is able to sing.

  21 be afraid to do (of) sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg:I'm afraed to go out at night.I'm afraid of dog.

  22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg:I'm allowed to watch TV.我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV.我应该被允许看电视。

  23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg:Don't be angry with me.

  24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

  25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg:She is as tall as me.她和我一样高。

  26 be ashamed to

  27 be away from 远离

  28 be away from 从……离开

  29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg:Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。

  30 be born 出生于

  31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

  32 be careful 当心;小心

  33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

  34 be famous for 以……著名

  35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

  36 be from = come from 来自 eg:He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing.Does he come from Bejing.

  37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg:the glass is full of water.the glass is filled with water.

  38 be glad+to+do/从句

  39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

  40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

  41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg:Reading aloud is good for your English

  42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

  43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg:Reading aloud is helpful to you.大声朗读对你有好处。Exercising is helpful to your bady.锻炼对你的身体有好处。

  44 be in good health 身体健康

  45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg:She is in trouble.They are in tronble.

  46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

  47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg:Be late for class 上课迟到

  48 be like 像…… eg:I'm like my mother.

  49 be mad at 生某人的气

  50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:
一、动词+介词
1.look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…
2.listen to…听……
3.welcome to…欢迎到……
4.say hello to …向……问好
5.speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:
A.动词(vt.)+副词
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。
B.动词(vi)+副词。
1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。
8.at + 时刻表示钟点。
9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”。
10.of短语表示所属关系。
11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等,表示方位、处所。
12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。
另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…,
2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。
4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。
5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,
6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换.
7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”, 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作,
10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,
11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的尽头,在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先,第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室
23. at the head of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢,抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地,反复地
38. wake up 醒来,叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从……向外
46. all by oneself 独立,单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来,取回
50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光,吃完
53. run after 追赶
54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顾,照料
56. think of 考虑到,想起
57. keep a diary 坚持写日记
58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
59. harder and harder 越来越厉害
60. turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)
61. turn off 关
[重温重点句型]
1.So + be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.
前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。
注意:“So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.
这一指路的句型意为“在第一/二/……个十字路口向右/左拐。”相当于Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.
3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语.
4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。
5.What’s wrong with…?
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”
6.too…to…
在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too…to…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。
在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.
7.Sorry to hear that.
全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。
[重点句型、词组大盘点]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used to + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。
2.…return it sooner or later.
……迟早要将它归还。
[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。
2)return此处用作及物动词,意为“归还”,相当于give back.
[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词,意为“返回”,相当于go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……
[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever,其意为“无论什么”,引导状语从句。
[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有:
no matter when无论什么时候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方
no matter who无论谁
no matter how 无论怎么样
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习(做)某事”。
[拓展]practice名词,“实践”、“实施”、“练习”;put a plan into practice实行某计划。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。
[用法]1)encourage用作动词,意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。
2)take part in“参加”,常表示参加活动。
3)protect 是动词,表示“防御”、“保护”。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。
[用法] warn用作动词,意思是“警告”、“警戒”。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事


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