except 和 join 的问题...

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except 和 except that 和except for 的区别~

except、except that、except for的区别:含义不同、用法不同、侧重点不同
一、含义不同
1、except
conj. 除非;若不是。vt. 除;除外
2、except that
只可惜
3、except for
adv. 除 ... 之外; 要不是由于
二、用法不同
1、except
except用作介词可表示“除…之外”,通常指所排除的事物不在所述范围之内,后面可接名词或代词。
except可接反身代词、副词、介词短语或状语从句,也可接(省略to的)动词不定式、动名词、基数词,还可接that或wh-从句。
You will all be punished; I can except no one.
你们全得受罚,我一个也不饶。
2、except that
except that后面的从句表示前面提及名词中所包含的一部分,也就是对该名词的细节加以修正,意思是“除了(名词整体)外,只是(某些细节)...”,这里的that是引导介词宾语从句的连词。
The regretful thing was the awful weather that degraded the nice scenery.
只可惜天公不作美,总是阴雨连绵,影响了景致。
3、except for
含“除……之外”之意,except for多用于在说明基本情况或对主要部分加以肯定,还引出相反的原因或细节,从而部分地修正前面的主要意思,含惋惜意味。
I can do nothing except for swimming in the dog days.
在三伏天里,除了游泳,我什么事也做不成。



三、侧重点不同
1、except
except意为“除......外, 不再有......” “不包括”,相当于without或minus (一),表示一种排除关系。except主要用来谈论同类东西。
2、except that
except that表示“除了”“只是”,引导宾语从句。
3、except for
except for用来谈论不同类的东西,在说明情况后在细节上加以修正。

1)Except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的,而exceptfor后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的。例如,试比较:

All the buildings are excellent except this one.

All the buildings are excellent except for their location或者All the buildings are excellent except that the place on which the buid�ings are built is notgood.

2)当except用在句首时往往改用exceptfor。例如:

There was no single person in the dark street that night except apoliceman on his duty.此句相当于:

Except for apoliceman on his duty,there was no single person in the dark street that night.

except,besides,except for用法的关联和区别

1.作介词用法时,这三个词都有"除…之外"的含义,但except常与do/does/did/have/has/hadnothing等词形成搭配用法,或者与全部肯定词all、everything、ev�eryone等连用,或者与全部否定词nothing、nobody等连用,因此 except加宾语作介词"除…之外"时常表示从整体中剔除一部分;而besides作"除…之外"时则表示"另外附加"的含义,相当于"in addition to"。试比较下列例句:

1)He did not hing except watch TV yesterday.

2)He said nothing except to smile just now.

3)All the students took at rip except Tom yesterday.

4)We need 3 more persons to finish the job besides/inaddition to us two.

2.作介词用法时的except后可接多种情况的介词短语。在这种情况下,except后的介词是不可省去的,except加介词的实际作用就相当于连词加相关的从句。例如:

1)The weather is fine today except in the northwest.此句相当于:
The weather is fine today except that it is in the northwest.
2)His mother never takes any exercise except on the dance floor.此句相当于:

His mother never takes any exercise except that she has adance on the floor.

需要强调的是except与exceptfor的用法区别:

1)Except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的,而exceptfor后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的。例如,试比较:

All the buildings are excellent except this one.

All the buildings are excellent except for their location或者All the buildings are excellent except that the place on which the buid�ings are built is notgood.

2)当except用在句首时往往改用exceptfor。例如:

There was no single person in the dark street that night except apoliceman on his duty.此句相当于:

Except for apoliceman on his duty,there was no single person in the dark street that night.

3.相当于连词用法的except与相当于连词用法的besides的区别仍然保持它们作介词用法的含义。试比较下列例句:

1)Tom is a good student ex�cept that he is careless.此句相当于:Tom is a goods tudent except for his carelessness.

2)Tom seldom comes late to school except when it rains hard.此句相当于:Tom seldom comes late to school except on a heavily rainy day. join有两个用法:
(1)指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等。如:
①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的?
②She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。
(2)和某人一道做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如:
①Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗?
②He\'ll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。
③We\'re going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us?
我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗?
2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。
如:
①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。
②Why didn\'t you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?
3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如:
①We\'ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
②We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。
【注意】take part in是惯用词组,part前一般不用冠词,但part前有形容词修饰时,要用不定冠词。如:
①Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.
林肯积极参加政治活动,强烈反对奴隶制。
4)attend是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议,婚礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等。句子的主语只是去听,去看,自己不一定起积极作用。
如:
①He\'ll attend an important meeting tomorrow.
他明天要参加一个重要的会议。
②I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课


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