【英语】修饰主语的定语从句较长，谓语宾语部分较短，显得头重脚轻，有没有解决办法？

英语中的主语从句、定语从句、宾语从句以及表语从句的详细总结~

1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is saideported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time. The news came that their team had won the championship. 5.定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 *限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations. Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。 That is all that I've heard from him. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)关系代词的省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (whichhat) we have to put up with. 3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.*非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。 Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism. *“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句 “介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar. *as引导的定语从句 as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。 These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems) As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语) 6.状语从句 *时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有： 1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、结果和目的状语从句 1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。 Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *条件和让步状语从句 1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。 As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data. 2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。 No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind. Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young) Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child) *方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him. Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

宾表主从句都是名词性从句（以下简称名从），
共性：
一，that都是不充当成分的，且无意思，宾表从句中that可省略，
二，whether/if在名从中也是不充当成分，但是有意思“是否”，但并不是什么时候都可以互换的，只能用whether的情况：
1，句子中有or not。I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
2，在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
3，和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
三，连接代词：括号里表明这些词在从句中从当的成分；who（主，宾），whom（宾），what（主，宾，表），whose（定），which（定）.....
连接副词：都是在句子中从当状语；when，where，how，why...
区别：
1，that在主从中不能省。
2，if不能引导表语从句
3，宾语从句要用陈述语气
4，宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句就用相应的时态
主句用一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态

定语从句：
一，连接代词：that（主，宾），which（主，宾），who（主，宾），whom（宾），whose（定）....
that可修饰人/物，做宾语是可省略
which只能修饰物
who/whom只能修饰人
whose可修饰人/物
只能用that的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：
Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

指人时只能用who不用that 的情况.
a.先行词为one,ones或anyone.(避免歧义)
b.先行词为those.(避免歧义)
God helps those who help themselves.(天助自主者)
c.主句是there be .
E.g.: There is a man who called himself Mr. Wu at the gate.

二，关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is the place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

注意：关系副词
When=at/in/on/during…which 时间 时间状语
Where=at/in/to…which 地点 地点状语
Why=for which 原因 原因状语

大致就是这样，当然还有些更详细的没有罗列出来，希望能帮到你。定语从句比较多内容，所以大家都会觉得很难，其实学语法就要多做题，不要死记硬背那些文字上的东西，真要背就背英语例子。

可以有如下的几种途径：

 

1、把同位语从句后置，这是一种避免由于头重脚轻而造成句子臃肿的常用办法：

 

• The idea is partially right to me that the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries.

 

2、把同位语从句改为插入性或后置非限制性定语从句：

 

• The idea, which is that the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries, is partially right to me.

• The idea is partially right to me, which is that the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries.

 

3、用namely, that is (to say) 或i.e.等解释性词语引导原同位语从句，可以插入主谓之间，也可以后置：

 

• The idea, namely the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries, is partially right to me.

• The ideais partially right to me, that is to say the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries.

• The idea, i.e. the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their contemporaries, is partially right to me.

你要区分同位语从句和宾语从句的区别。
that 后面的句子，它表达的意思就是idea，只是对idea进行解释，这个是同位语从句。可以置后。

这个句子是同位语从句。that从句可以置后

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屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 【英语】修饰主语的定语从句较长,谓语宾语部分较短,显得头重脚轻,有没有解决办法?例如:The idea that the greatness of an individual can only be ... - ？
臧肩四环：[答案] 可以有如下的几种途径:1、把同位语从句后置,这是一种避免由于头重脚轻而造成句子臃肿的常用办法:The idea is partially right to me that the greatness of an individual can only be evaluated by those who live after them rather than their ...

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 【英语】修饰主语的定语从句较长,谓语宾语部分较短,显得头重脚轻,有没有解决办法? - ？
臧肩四环： 你要区分同位语从句和宾语从句的区别.that 后面的句子,它表达的意思就是idea,只是对idea进行解释,这个是同位语从句.可以置后.

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 修饰主语的定语从句后的谓语用to do吗people (who use credit cards) to buy things online should be careful 中括号内的应该是定语从句吧,那如果把它拿掉来... - ？
臧肩四环：[答案] 定语从句没错,但是你划错范围了 从who一直到online都是修饰people的 所以句子的结构是people should be careful

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 英语中各类从句怎么写? - ？
臧肩四环： 1.主语从句 1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末.常见的句型有: *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\...

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 定语从句翻译技巧,遇到较长的不太会翻译 - ？
臧肩四环： 1 定语从句定语化限制性定语从句往往要译成前置定语结构, 翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 这是因为它与所修饰的词关系甚密, 若分开译会影响主句意思的完整.也有一些非限制性定语从句, 或因结构短小, 或因与被修饰词关系较密切, 或...

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 修饰主语的定语从句后的谓语用to do吗？
臧肩四环： 定语从句没错,但是你划错范围了 从who一直到online都是修饰people的 所以句子的结构是people should be careful

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 英语句子解析原句:the splendid and glorious cultural heitages passed to us by our ancestors may be lost.我认为主语的修饰太长了,现改写如下:我把定语... - ？
臧肩四环：[答案] 原先的句子确实冗长, 英语说法叫 wordy 或 redundant,你并没解决这问题,调整语序反倒不合语法了. 冗长的原因在于:1)splendid 和 glorious 基本上意思相同,犯重了;选一个用就足够2)heritage 本身的定义就是 “遗...

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 请告诉我英语倒装句中的 - --主语较长时后置的规则. - ？
臧肩四环： 解释这两句后基本上可以把倒装句的主要规则弄清楚了. 1. When I came that evening, the door of the Cookesy's sitting-room was open and through it came laughter, stamping offeet, and television music. 如你所说是由于后面的主语太长,置于句...

屏边苗族自治县14779807698： 英语从句和定于从句问题? - ？
臧肩四环： It 是形式主语,当代英语中,通常用it 做形式主语,将不定式和动名词置于谓语后面,特别是主语较长时,或在一些习惯用法中.which 引导的是非限制性定语从句,可指代整个句子,用逗号分开.