高中英语主语从句单项选择8.11.12，错在哪了？请详细解答，谢谢

求20道英语主语从句单选题讲解和翻译，谢谢 要有讲解和翻译的。~

高中英语各种复合句精品课程讲解
【2014年12月17日】
【英语尖子生培训课程】
什么叫名词性从句？
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句

【一】主语从句 【二】表语从句 【三】宾语从句
【四】定语从句 【五】同位语从句 【六】状语从句

【一】主语从句：在主句种充当主语成分的从句叫主语从句，
引导主语从句的连词有：从属连词；连接代词；连接副词
A 从属连词：that，whether。
从属连词；that，whether引导的主语从句在主语从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接词的作用，通常不可以省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。如果是由It作形式主语，后面that可以省略.
1,有that 引导的主语从句如下：
1. That the driver could not control his war was obvious.
=It was obvious（that）the driver could not control his car.
2. That she was chosen made us very happy.
=it made us very happy that she was chosen
3. That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
=It is sheer luck that she is still alive
4. That the whole project is doomed to failure is quite clear
=It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
5. That you should have to leave is a pity
=It's a pity that you should have to leave.
你非走不可真是件憾事。
6. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.
=It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice
7. That they should like each other is natural
=It is natural that they should like each other
8. That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true
=It is true that he will not come to the meeting this evening
9. That he will help others is a fact
10. That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
=It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.
11. That we can win is certain
=It is certain that we can win.
12. That you have made a mistake is a fact.
=It is a fact that you have made a mistake
13. It is ordered that we should leave at once.
14. That you don’t like him is none of my business.
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that…　有必要……
It is important that…　重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
It’s certain that… 肯定…
It is possible that... 很可能……
It is unlikely that... 不可能……
It is necessary \important
atural\... that…
It is possible that she will come back tomorrow.
It is obvious that this measure is effective.
b. It + be +V ed 分词+ that-从句
It is known to all that…　从所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
It is said that... 据说……
It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……
It must be admitted that…必须承认……
It cannot be denied that… 不可否认……
It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……
It was reported that 20 people were killed in the accident.
It was suggested that we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is common knowledge that…　是常识
It is a fact that…　事实是……
It was a pity that we lost the match.
It was a fact that he cheated in the exam.
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
It occurred to me that I forgot to send this letter
It happened that I came into the office at that time.
It is important(necessary / advisable / desirable / imperative / true / strange / possible ...)that ...需要注意的是,这类主语从句中,谓语动词很多为"(should)＋动词原形",即要用虚拟语气。例如:
It is necessary that several nurses (should) stay.
几个护士留在这儿是很有必要的。
It is imperative that everyone (should) learn from practice.
每个人都应该从实践中学习。
It is reported (well-known / hoped / thought / expected / said / believed / decided / suggested / ordered ...)that ...例如:
It is said that many people was killed in the earthquake.
据说很多人在这次地震中丧生了。
it seems(appears / doesn’t matter / makes no difference / ...)that ...
例如:
It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not.
他是否会参加会议都无关紧要。
当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。例如:
It doesn’t seem that they are from the same university.
It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow.
if 不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether，如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.或把if 改为whether
If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.
正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful.
Whether he left (or not) is unknown
Whether he will come is not clear.
Whether it will rain or not) is not clear
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
Whether we will go tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
Whether the policeman will come is not certain.
Whether the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
whether he likes the job is not clear.
.注意区分it 作形式主语的主语从句与强调句
强调句句型It is/was+被强调部分+that, 去掉It is/was, that，句子仍然成立。
It is natural that they should have different views. 主语从句
It is only lately that he had had a family himself. 强调句
What was it that he wanted? I don’t know what it was that he wanted.
It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem
8.注意it 作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同
It is known to all that the earth is round.
As is known to all. the earth is round.
B连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序)
What many scientists believe is that the earth is round …
Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Which student will win is uncertain.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
这里说的话都应当保密。
Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.
凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
What is needed for success) is your hard work.
Who can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher
What he needs is that book.
What he needs are some books.
What he needs are some books.
Who he is and where he is from are important.
What he saw are the stars in the sky
What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present
Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
C连接副词when，where， how， why等。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
When they will leave is not decided.
Where she is from is unknown.
How we will paint the house has not been decided.
When they will arrive has been told to the teacher
Where we will go tomorrow hasn’t been decided yet
When he will come is not known
When he will come is a puzzle
Where we shall spend the holiday isn’t decided.
Where he comes from is a mystery.
Conclusion:主语从句作 主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句， 放在句首，但if不能
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
规律六、what 引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用 it 做形式主语，把从句放在后面。

1that→what
2when→that
3if→that
4remain→remains
5which→what
6whatever→whoever
7why→how
when→who
how→whether
when→that
Light→That light
if→whether
That→what
Where→When
No matter who→whoever

8. 整句的意思是我们是否要去某地还不得而知。用了that变成我们去某地还不得而知，显然不通啊。
11. that不能用来代替从句中的主语，只能有what来代。
12. whom在从句中是做宾语的，但这个从句中是要你填主语，所以是who.

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代县17336387397： 高中英语选择题？
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