马克吐温生平简介英文版

马克吐温生平简介英文版~

马克吐温生平简介英文版
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. He is most noted for his novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), the latter often called "the Great American Novel."Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which would later provide the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. He apprenticed with a printer. He also worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion's newspaper. After toiling as a printer in various cities, he became a master riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River, before heading west to join Orion. He was a failure at gold mining, so he next turned to journalism. While a reporter, he wrote a humorous story, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, which became very popular and brought nationwide attention. His travelogues were also well-received. Twain had found his calling.He achieved great success as a writer and public speaker. His wit and satire earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.However, he lacked financial acumen. Though he made a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he squandered it on various ventures, in particular the Paige Compositor, and was forced to declare bankruptcy. With the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers, however, he eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain worked hard to ensure that all of his creditors were paid in full, even though his bankruptcy had relieved him of the legal responsibility.Born during a visit by Halley's Comet, he died on its return. He was lauded as the "greatest American humorist of his age," and William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature." Early lifeSamuel Langhorne Clemens was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 12, 1835, to a Tennessee country merchant, John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 – March 24, 1847), and Jane Lampton Clemens (June 18, 1803 – October 27, 1890).Twain was the sixth of seven children. Only three of his siblings survived childhood: his brother Orion (July 17, 1825 – December 11, 1897); Henry, who died in a riverboat explosion (July 13, 1838 – June 21, 1858); and Pamela (September 19, 1827 – August 31, 1904). His sister Margaret (May 31, 1830 – August 17, 1839) died when Twain was three, and his brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 – May 12, 1842) died three years later. Another brother, Pleasant (1828–1829), died at six months.Twain was born two weeks after the closest approach to Earth of Halley's Comet. On December 4, 1985, the United States Postal Service issued a stamped envelope for "Mark Twain and Halley's Comet." When Twain was four, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port town on the Mississippi River that inspired the fictional town of St. Petersburg in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Missouri was a slave state and young Twain became familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he would later explore in his writing.Twain’s father was an attorney and a local judge. The Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad was organized in his office in 1846. The railroad connected the second and third largest cities in the state and was the westernmost United States railroad until the Transcontinental Railroad. It delivered mail to and from the Pony Express.
Samuel Clemens, age 15In March 1847, when Twain was 11, his father died of pneumonia. The next year, he became a printer's apprentice. In 1851, he began working as a typesetter and contributor of articles and humorous sketches for the Hannibal Journal, a newspaper owned by his brother Orion. When he was 18, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York City, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. He joined the union and educated himself in public libraries in the evenings, finding wider information than at a conventional school. At 22, Twain returned to Missouri.On a voyage to New Orleans down the Mississippi, steamboat pilot Horace E. Bixby inspired Twain to be a steamboat pilot. As Twain observed in Life on the Mississippi, the pilot surpassed a steamboat's captain in prestige and authority; it was a rewarding occupation with wages set at $250 per month,roughly equivalent to $73,089 a year today. A steamboat pilot needed to know the ever-changing river to be able to stop at the hundreds of ports and wood-lots. Twain studied 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of the Mississippi for more than two years before he received his steamboat pilot license in 1859.While training, Samuel convinced his younger brother Henry to work with him. Henry was killed on June 21, 1858, when the steamboat he was working on, the Pennsylvania, exploded. Twain had foreseen this death in a dream a month earlier,which inspired his interest in parapsychology; he was an early member of the Society for Psychical Research.Twain was guilt-stricken and held himself responsible for the rest of his life. He continued to work on the river and was a river pilot until the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and traffic along the Mississippi was curtailed.Missouri was considered by many to be part of the South, and was represented in both the Confederate and Federal governments during the Civil War. Twain wrote a sketch, "The Private History of a Campaign That Failed," which claimed he and his friends had been Confederate volunteers for two weeks before disbanding their company.
资料来源 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Twain

Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910),[1] better known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American humorist, satirist, writer, and lecturer. Twain is most noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. He is also known for his quotations.[2][3]

Clemens was a well known author in the United States, a popular comedian and monologist, and friend to presidents, artists, leading industrialists, and European royalty. Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been called a Great American Novel.[4]

Clemens enjoyed immense public popularity and his keen wit and incisive satire earned him praise from both critics and peers. American author William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature."[5]

Youth
Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835, to Tennessee country merchant, John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 - March 24, 1847), and Jane Lampton Clemens (June 18, 1803 - October 27, 1890).[6] He was the sixth of John and Jane's seven children. Only two of his siblings survived childhood, his brother Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 - December 11, 1897 and sister Pamela (September 19, 1827 - August 31, 1904). His sister Margaret (May 31, 1830 - August 17, 1839) died when he was four years old, and his brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 - May 12, 1842) died three years later. Another older brother, Pleasant (1828 - 1829), only lived three months before Samuel was born. In addition to his older siblings, Samuel had one younger brother, Henry Clemens (July 13, 1838 - June 21, 1858). [7] When Samuel was four, his family moved to Hannibal,[8] a port town on the Mississippi River that would serve as the inspiration for the fictional town of St. Petersburg in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.[9] At that time, Missouri was a slave state in the union and young Samuel became familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he later explored in his writing.

Samuel Clemens was colorblind, a condition that fueled his witty banter in the social circles of the day.[citation needed] In March of 1847 when Samuel was eleven, his father died of pneumonia.[citation needed] The following year, he became a printer's apprentice. In 1851 he began working as a typesetter and contributor of articles and humorous sketches for the Hannibal Journal, a newspaper owned by his older brother, Orion. When he was eighteen, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. At twenty-two, Clemens returned to Missouri. On a voyage to New Orleans down the Mississippi, the steamboat pilot, "Bixby", inspired Clemens to pursue a career as a steamboat pilot, the third highest paying profession in America at the time, earning $250 per month ($155,000 today).

Because the steamboats at the time were constructed of very dry flammable wood, no lamps were allowed, making night travel a precarious endeavor. A steamboat pilot needed a vast knowledge of the ever-changing river to be able to stop at any of the hundreds of ports and wood-lots along the river banks. Clemens meticulously studied two thousand miles of the Mississippi for more than two years until he finally received his steamboat pilot license in 1859. While training for his pilot's license, Samuel convinced his younger brother Henry Clemens to work with him on the Mississippi. Henry was killed on June 21, 1858 when the steamboat he was working on exploded. Samuel was guilt-stricken over his brother's death and held himself responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and served as a river pilot until the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and traffic along the Mississippi was curtailed.


Travels and family
Missouri was a slave state and considered by many to be part of the South, but it did not join the Confederacy. When the war began, Clemens and his friends formed a Confederate militia (depicted in an 1885 short story, "The Private History of a Campaign That Failed"), and joined a battle where a man was killed. Clemens found he could not bear to kill a man, and deserted. His friends joined the Confederate Army; Clemens joined his brother, Orion, who had been appointed secretary to the territorial governor of Nevada, and headed west.

Clemens and his brother traveled for more than two weeks on a stagecoach across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains. They visited the Mormon community in Salt Lake City. These experiences became the basis of the book Roughing It, and provided material for The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. Clemens' journey ended in the silver-mining town of Virginia City, Nevada where he became a miner.

After failing as a miner, Clemens worked at a Virginia City newspaper, the Territorial Enterprise. On February 3, 1863, he signed a humorous travel account "LETTER FROM CARSON - re: Joe Goodman; party at Gov. Johnson's; music" with "Mark Twain".[10]

Clemens then traveled to San Francisco, California, where he continued as a journalist and began lecturing. He met other writers such as Bret Harte, Artemus Ward and Dan DeQuille. An assignment in Hawaii became the basis for his first lectures. In 1867, a local newspaper funded a steamboat trip to the Mediterranean.

During his tour of Europe and the Middle East he wrote a popular collection of travel letters which were compiled as The Innocents Abroad in 1869. He also met Charles Langdon, and saw a picture of Langdon's sister Olivia. Clemens claimed to have fallen in love at first sight. They met in 1868, were engaged a year later, and married in February 1870 in Elmira, New York. Olivia gave birth to a son, Langdon, who died of diphtheria after 19 months.

In 1871 Clemens moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut. There Olivia gave birth to three daughters: Susy, Clara, and Jean. Clemens also became good friends with fellow author William Dean Howells.

Clemens made a second tour of Europe, described in the 1880 book, A Tramp Abroad. He returned to America in 1900, having paid off his debts to his old firm. The Clemens' marriage lasted 34 years until Olivia's death in 1904.

In 1906 Clemens began his autobiography in the North American Review. Oxford University issued him a Doctorate of Literature a year later.

Clemens outlived Jean and Susy. He passed through a period of deep depression, which began in 1896 when his favorite daughter Susy died of meningitis. Olivia's death in 1904 and Jean's death on December 24, 1909 deepened his gloom.[11]

Although Mark Twain 's wealth is not much, but without prejudice to his humor, wit and reputation, known as one of America's most eminent persons, who was respected as the " American literary giant", is good at writing satiric novels. The dating is very broad, Disney, Wei Weide, Nicola, Helen, Keller, Tesla Henry Roger I, as his friend. He was called a literary history of lincoln. Helen Keller Ceng Yan:" I like Mark Twain -- who doesn't like him? Even the God, also will cherish him, given its wisdom, and in its mind painting out of a love and faith of the rainbow." William Faulkner called him" the first truly American writer, and we are all inherited from him". He died on April 21, 1910, aged seventy-five, was buried in New York Elmar.

Although Mark Twain 's wealth is not much, but without prejudice to his humor, wit and reputation, known as one of America's most eminent persons, who was respected as the " American literary giant", is good at writing satiric novels. The dating is very broad, Disney, Wei Weide, Nicola, Helen, Keller, Tesla Henry Roger I, as his friend. He was called a literary history of lincoln. Helen Keller Ceng Yan:" I like Mark Twain -- who doesn't like him? Even the God, also will cherish him, given its wisdom, and in its mind painting out of a love and faith of the rainbow." William Faulkner called him" the first truly American writer, and we are all inherited from him". He died on April 21, 1910, aged seventy-five, was buried in New York Elmar.

虽然马克·吐温的财富不多，却无损他高超的幽默、机智与名气，被称为美国最知名人士之一，曾被推崇为“美国文坛巨子”，擅长写讽刺小说。其交友甚是广泛，迪士尼、魏伟德、尼古拉·特斯拉、海伦·凯勒、亨利·罗杰诸君，皆为其友。他曾被誉为文学史上的林肯。海伦·凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克·吐温——谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威廉·福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。他于1910年4月21日去世，享年七十五岁，安葬于纽约州艾玛拉。

很给力

---

蒲城县19310511530： 马克吐温简介(英文), - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] (Mark Twain l835~1910) American writers.The given name fills the erroneous you · bright Herrn · Klemens.Mark · Twain is its pen name.Is born in a Mississippi river bank small town Hannibal's village poor attorney the family,goes out since ...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克吐温介绍(英文) - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] Mark Twain (pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,1835-1910),was an American writer,journalist and humorist,who won a worldwide audience for his stories of the youthful adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. Clemens was born on ...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克·吐温(英文介绍) - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] Mark Twain is the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30,1835 – April 21,1910).He is an American author and humorist.Twain is noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884),which has been called ＂the Great American ...

蒲城县19310511530： 谁能告诉我一篇简短的马克吐温的英文简介 - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] Mark Twain (pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,1835-1910),was an American writer,journalist and humorist,who won a worldwide audience for his stories of the youthful adventures of Tom Sawyer and Hu...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克吐温的生平简介,要英文的 - ？
犹哗口服： (Mark Twain l835~1910) American writers.The given name fills the erroneous you · bright Herrn · Klemens.Mark · Twain is its pen name.Is born in a Mississippi river bank small town Hannibal's village poor attorney the family, goes out since ...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克吐温英语简介50字带中文翻译 - ？
犹哗口服： Mark Twain was a great American writer. He was born on November 30, 1835 and died in 1910. During his 75-year life-time, Mark has given us many classics, such as The Old Man and The Sea.People spoke highly of him.As a speaker, he was ...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克吐温介绍(英文) - ？
犹哗口服： Mark Twain (pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835-1910), was an American writer, journalist and humorist, who won a worldwide audience for his stories of the youthful adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. Clemens was ...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克·吐温的简介 - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] 最佳答案马克·吐温(Mark Twain),原名塞缪尔·朗赫恩·克列门斯 (Samuel Langhorne Clemens);(1835年11月30日-1910年4月21日)是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家,亦是著名演说家.虽然其家财不多,却无损其幽默、...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克.吐温是哪国作家,他的作品有哪些 - ？
犹哗口服：[答案] 美国作家 介绍如下: 马克·吐温(Mark Twain),原名塞姆·朗赫恩·克列门斯(Samuel Langhorne Clemens);(1835年11月30日-1910年4月21日)是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家,亦是著名演说家.虽然其家财不多,却无损其幽默、机智与名气...

蒲城县19310511530： 马克.吐温介绍 30字 - ？
犹哗口服： 马克·吐温(mark twain,1835年11月30日-1910年4月21日),原名萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门 (samuel langhorne clemens) (射手座)是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家,也是著名演说家,19世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表. 虽然他的...