英语to的用法

英语to的用法及其搭配~

to的用法有很多种，归纳如下

一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三:表示修饰关系
1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
4:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2:to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
十:表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十三:表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十四:表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十五:表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十六:表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十七:表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.
十八:表示有关注,关于:as to,with regard to
十九:表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job training.
二十:表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to
According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.
二十一:表示应该或必须含义的句式,如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.
常用词组
respond to（反应）,appeal to（吸引）,catch on to（理解）,listen to（收听）,used to（过去常常）,give birth to,attend to（照料）,see to（负责）,be entitled to（有权）,belong to（属于）,come to（苏醒）,stand up to（勇敢面对）,help oneself to（请自便）,refer to,to the point（切题）

To 和 for 的区别：一般情况下, to后面常接对象; for后面表示原因与目的为多。
1、to sb.表示对某人有直接影响比如，食物对某人好或者不好就用to;
2、for表示从意义、价值等间接角度来说，例如对某人而言是重要的，就用for。
3、for和to这两个介词，意义丰富，用法复杂。

扩展资料
for
英语单词简介
for后加动名词
人称加宾格
to
prep.
向，往，给...，于...，直到...为止，在...之前，比，对，[表示程度、范围] 到，达
情态动词后不加to直接加v.（原）
行为动词加to do sth.（如：need)
(表示时间)到, 直到, 在?到来之前, 离?； 例：from seven to ten
(表示方向)朝, 往, 通向
(表示状态)紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着；
(表示对象)对, 对于, 对?来说；
(表示比较)比, 相对于；
(表示方位)在?方向[方位], 处于?顺序；
(表示距离)离, 距离；
(表示目标)到达, 直到；
(表示结果)转换为, 转变为, 趋于

连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。

并列连词引导两个并列的句子。
1)　and 与or
　判断改错：
　(错) They sat down and talk about something.
　(错) They started to dance and sang.
　(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
　(对) They sat down and talked about something.
　(对) They started to dance and sing.
　(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.

解析：
　 第一句： and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以 talk 应改为 talked。
　 第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为 sing。
　 第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）
　　 Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.
　 = If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.
　　 One more effort, and you'll succeed.
　 = If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.

2)　both …and　两者都
　She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.

3)　not only…but (also), as well as不但…而且）
　　　She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.
　 注意： not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。
　　 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.

　4)　neithe…nor 意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。
　　　Neither you nor he is to blame.
希望对你能有所帮助。

在这个句子里面这个叫不定式小品词。语法规定一个完整的句子不能有两个谓语，故FIND前必须加不定式小品词以示与CAME的区分。

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