have的用法

have的用法~

have
[hæv; hæv]
及物动词
(had; hav.ing)
A
1 拥有,有,持有
a. 有…,拥有…
I ~ a car and so does [has] Bill.
我有汽车而比尔也有
He has a pen (in his hand).
他 (手里) 有钢笔
He has a lot of money.
他 (拥) 有很多钱
She has a packet in her arms [under her arm].
她怀里抱著 [腋下夹著] 一个钱袋
The store has antique furniture for sale.
这家商店有骨董家具出售 [有卖骨董家具]
He has a large room to himself.
他独自占有一个大房间
b. [身上] 带有…,身怀… [about,on,with,around]
(cf. HAVE on)
Do you ~ [H~ you (got)] any money with [on, about] you?.
你身上带著钱吗?
She had a scarf around her neck.
她脖子上围著围巾
c. [受词常被形容词用法之 to 不定词修饰] 持有 < (应 [可] …之) 事、时间等> ,有,被赋予,具有
I ~ a letter to write.
我有信要写
Do you ~ [H~ you] anything to declare?.
你有东西申报吗 [你有要申报的东西吗] ?
We ~ a long way to go.
我们有一段远路要走
I didn't ~ [hadn't] time to see her.
我没有时间去见她
2 (表示) 有 (某种关系)
a. 有 <亲人、朋友等> 在,有…; 雇有 <佣人等>
They ~ two [no] children.
他们有二个[没有]孩子
She has a nephew in the navy.
她有个侄子在海军服役
We ~ a kind boss.
我们有一位仁慈的老板
The organization has a paid staff of ten at its Washington headquarters.
该机构在华盛顿总部有十位支薪的职员
b. 饲养著<动物> (当宠物)
He has a pet dog.
他养一条狗当宠物
3 具有 (部分、属性)
a. <人>具有 <身体部分、身体特征、特质、能力等> ,<人>有…
She has a sweet voice.
她有甜美的声音
Does she ~ [Has she (got)] brown hair?.
她的头发是褐色的吗?
I ~ a bad memory for names.
我记不住人名
He has the ability [no authority] to do that.
他有能力 [没有权力] 做那件事
b. <东西>具有 <部分、附属物、特征等> , (含) 有…
This room has five windows.
这个房间有五个窗户
How many days ~ May?.
五月有多少天?
That hall has excellent acoustics.
那个厅的音响效果极佳
The book had a chapter on cooking.
该书有一章写的是烹饪
Her bag has no name on it.
她的袋子上没有名字
4 a. (心里) 怀有,存有 <感情、想法等>
Do you ~ have much time for youe work ?.
你工作的时间很多吗 ?
I've no idea [notion] at all about [as to] his age.
关于他的年纪我毫无概念(我摸不清他的年纪)
He has no fear of death.
他没有死的恐惧; 他不怕死
b. [对…]怀 <恨等> [against]
I ~ a grudge against him.
我对他怀恨在心
I don't know what she has against me.
我不知道她恨我什么
c. [对…]把<感情等>表示 (于态度、行动) [on, for]
H~ some consideration for others.
要多体谅别人一些
He has no pity on us.
他对我们不表同情
d. [受词与 "the+抽象名词+to do" 连用] 有 < (做…) 的好意 [勇气等] >
He had the kindness to give me a present.
他有送我礼物的好意
(他好意送我礼物)
H~ the kindness to help me.
求你帮助我
He has (got) the nerve to come uninvited.
他竟然厚著脸皮不邀自来
5 患 [正患著] <病等> ,受苦
~ a slight [bad] cold
患轻微 [严重] 的感冒
~ a headache [(a) toothache]
头 [牙] 痛
~ diabetes [gout]
患糖尿病 [痛风]
Do you often ~ colds?.
你常患感冒吗?
Do you ~ [H you (got)] a cold now?.
你现在患感冒吗?
B
1 得到,获得
a. 得到,拿到,接受..
I'll let you ~ the camera for ten dollars.
我以十美元让给你那部相机
You may [can] ~ it for the asking.
你想要它,尽管说好了
We don't ~ classes on Sunday.
我们星期日没课
You ~ my sympathy.
我同情你
There was nothing to be had at that store.
在那家店没什么东西好买
b. [从…]得到…,拿到,接受[from]
She had a letter [a telephone call] from her brother.
她接到兄弟的信[电话]
c. (选) 取…要
I'll ~ that blue sweater.
我要 [选取] 那件蓝色毛衣
Do you ~ suger on your tea ?.
你要茶加糖吗?
d. 得到 <情报、消息> ,获悉
May I ~ your name, please?.
请问尊姓大名?
We must ~ the whole story; don't hold anything back.
我们必须知道全盘的事,不要隐瞒任何事
→ have it (3).
2 a. 用 <餐等> ; 吃,喝 <饮食品> ; 抽 <烟>
He is having lunch.
他正在吃午餐
Breakfast can be had at seven.
七点可吃早餐
Will you ~ another cup of coffee ?.
你要再来一杯咖啡吗?
What did you ~ for supper?.
你晚餐吃了什么?
H a cigarette.
抽一根烟吧
b. <以…方法> 吃[喝] <饮料、食品>
How do you ~ your egg?.
你怎么吃蛋 ?
I like to ~ my steak r
have
[轻读)həv, əv; həv, əv; (重读)hæv; hæv]
助动词
(变化形式与 have 同)
1 [现在完成式]
a. (刚) 完成…
I ~ [I've] done it.
我已做了那件事
H you finished yet?.
你做完了吗?
Yes, I ~.
是的,做完了
No,I haven't.
不,没做完
I ~ been to the station to see him off.
我已到过车站送他
b. …了
He has [He's] gone.
他已经走了
(现已不在这里)
She has grown! [Hasn't she grown!].
她长大了!
What I ~ written, I ~ written.
我已经写了的就是写了(无法变更)
c. 曾经… (过)
She has not [hasn't] seen a koala.
她不曾见过 (澳洲的) 无尾熊
This is the biggest animal that I ~ ever seen.
这是我见过的最大的动物
I ~ been all over the world.
我去过世界各地
d. (一直) 在…
We ~ known each other for ten years.
我们彼此已认识十年了
I ~ [I've] been learning English for four years.
我已学了四年的英文 (还在学)
e.
Let's have tea after we ~ finished the work.
做完工作后我们来喝茶
2 [过去完成式]
a.
Had he finished it when you saw him?.
你看到他时,他已经做完了吗?
Yes, he had.
是的,他已做完了
No, he hadn't.
不,他没做完
b.
I had been ill for a week when he called on me.
当他来访时我已经病了一星期
c.
That was the smallest mouse I had ever seen.
那是我见过的最小的老鼠
d.
He lost the pen his uncle had given him as a birthday present.
他丢失了叔父 [伯父] 送给他当生日礼物的笔
e.
Had I found it [If I had found it], I would have returned it to you.
如果我 (当时) 找到它,我早就把它还给你了
f.
I had intended to make a cake, but I ran out of time.
我原想做个蛋糕,但没有时间
3 [未来完成]
a.
I shall [He will] ~ written the letter by the time she comes back.
到她回来时,我[他]将已写好了这封信
b.
He will ~ been absent (for) three years next January.
到明年一月止他将三年不在了
4 [完成式不定词]
a.
He seems [seemed] to ~ been ill.
他好像生过病
b.
He should [ought to] ~ helped her.
他理应 [本应] 帮助她 (但没有)
He may ~ left last Tuesday.
他可能上星期二已经离开了
It's six o'clock; they will [should] ~ arrived home by now.
六点了,他们现在该到家了吧
c. 用于表示“希望、意图、预定”等动词的过去式之后,表示“未实现的事”
I should like to ~ seen it.
我很想看到它 (但没看到)
She was to ~ bought some stamps.
她打算要买一些邮票 (但忘了)
d.
He expects [hopes] to ~ finished by May.
他预期[希望] (最迟) 到五月时完成
5 [完成式分词; 常用分词构句] …后,由于…
Having written the letter, he went out.
写完那封信后他就出去
Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again.
经过了两次失败,他不想再试
6 [完成式动名词] (做过) …事
I regret having been so careless.
我后悔自己那样的不小心
have got
(1) 持有 (have)
I've got ten dollars.
我带有十美元
Helen hasn't got blue eyes.
海伦的眼睛不是蓝的
"H~ you got a newspaper ?" "Yes, I have [. (
美)Yes,I do] ."“你有报纸吗?”“是的,有”
(cf. "Do you have a newspaper ?" "Yes,I do.")
I've got a kettle boiling now for tea.
为了泡茶,我让茶壶的水沸腾著(cf. have C 1 c)
(2) ] 不得不<做…> (have to)
I've got to write a letter.
我不得不写一封信
You've got to eat more vegetables.
你得 (再) 多吃一点蔬菜
(3) ] 不必<做…> (need not)
We haven't got to work this afternoon.
我们今天下午不必工作
(4) ] (美)一定…,必定… (must)
It's got to be the postman.
那一定是邮差
You've got to be kidding.
你一定是在开玩笑

助词 v.aux.

1.(加过去分词,构成完成时态)已经;曾经
They haven't finished the job yet.
他们尚未完成该项工作。
2.(用于虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设)(假如那时)...的话
She might have come if she hadn't been so busy.
当时若不是那么忙,她是可能来的。

及物动词 vt.

1.有,拥有[W]
This coat has no pockets.
这件衣服没有口袋。
2.怀有,持有[W]
Many people have doubts about the new project.
许多人对这项新工程有怀疑。
3.体验;经验;患[W]
We had a wonderful time on the beach.
我们在海滩上玩得好极了。
4.拿;得到,取得[W]
We gave him a present, but he wouldn't have it.
我们给他一件礼物,但他不肯接受。
5.进行,从事(某事)
The manager is having a meeting.
经理正在开会。
6.吃;喝;吸(烟)
They had their lunch in a cafeteria.
他们在一家自助餐厅吃了午饭。
Have a cup of coffee, please.
请喝杯咖啡。
7.邀请(某人),招待[O]
We had some guests for dinner last night.
我们昨晚请了几位客人吃饭。
8.(用于否定句中)容忍;允许[O4]
I won't have anyone smoking in here.
我不容许任何人在这里抽烟。
9.生得,生育
My wife is going to have a baby.
我妻子快要生孩子了。
10.使,让;招致[O7][O8]
Pa's had his hands burned.
爸的手给烫伤了。
I've had the stove lighted.
我已经让人把炉子点着了。
11.要;叫;使[O3][O4]
I'll be proud to have you read it.
你肯读它我会感到骄傲的。
12.必须,不得不[+to-v]
I have to go right now.
我马上得走。
13.【俚】哄骗,欺骗[H]
They were had in that deal.
他们在那笔生意上受了骗。
14.明白,懂得[W]
I guess I have your ideas.
我想我明白你的意思。
15.【俚】与(女人)性交

名词 n.

1.富人;富国[the P]
The gap between the haves and the have-nots is widening.
贫富之间的差距在扩大。

助词 v.aux.

1.(加过去分词,构成完成时态)已经;曾经
They haven't finished the job yet.
他们尚未完成该项工作。
2.(用于虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设)(假如那时)...的话
She might have come if she hadn't been so busy.
当时若不是那么忙,她是可能来的。

及物动词 vt.

1.有,拥有[W]
This coat has no pockets.

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