一道英语题
英文:As a volunteer,the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up
中文:作为一名志愿者,女孩想去医院看望生病的小孩并让他们高兴起来。
be
worried
about
固定词组,
担心....
若有疑问及时追问,满意敬请采纳,O(∩_∩)O谢谢~~
我特意为你找了些材料
虚拟语气
一、概念
[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气"。它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。
二、语法结构
1.if结构(非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况)
与..事实相反 If从句 主句
过去 Had done Would* have done
现在 Were/did Would* do
将来 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句:If there hadn’t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来]
备注:
(1)上表中’*’,would都可转换为should、could、might。
(2) 如果为时间错综句的话,左右两栏可互相搭配,排列组合。
例句:
He would still be alive today if he hadn’t taken that drug.
[与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反]
(3) if可转换为其他形式
例句:Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去]
(=>可转换为:If there hadn’t been your advice, we …)
Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来]
(=> 可转换为:If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去]
(=> 可转换为:If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish结构
与..事实相反
过去 Had done
现在 Were/did
将来 Would
备注:可转换为其他形式。
例句:He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [过去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should结构
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。
例句:The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。
例句:The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather +从句
在这种结构中,从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟。
例句:I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主语从句中的虚拟语气
1)It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...
用于该句型的形容词是:necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising .
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如:a pity, no wonder....
2)It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如:desired, suggested, requested,
ordered, proposed等。
3)It is time(about time, high time)that ...(过去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同
位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省
略。
例:My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
三、使用范围及判断
1、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
2、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非 真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是:
1)与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
2)与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
3)与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例:If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
1.if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。
2、在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
3、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词。注意:与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断。
2D collection 和leave 的关系是被动的,只有D 是被动语态。另为be to do “将要”。
3A 如果从后往前读的话就是: to play tennise with someone.
所以这个with 不能省略,这就是不定式作定语的特点。
4a have sb do,指让某人做
have sb done 让什么被怎么
这要考虑 事情和主语的关系
举个例子
如果 理发就是have sd‘s hair cut(过去分词)~~是头发被理
注意主语
如果是叫某人做某事 比如 have the baby go home 这就是主动
5,A one way to do sth 在这里有两个定语来修饰the way . 一个是george thought of,一个是to get enought money to buy the house.
推测的方法:一定是 the way to do 或the way of doing sth.所以只能选A
翻译成:George想出来的,能得到足够钱买房子的方法是什么?
1IF I had remembered __the window ,the thief would not have got in
A to close B to have been closed
选择A。 前者表示主动,后者是被动语态,不适合本句。
2sir deis ,who is 78 ,has made it known that much of his collection __to the nation
A has left B is to leave C leaves D is to be left
选择D。只有D表示了被动语态,从句子来看,要用被动语态的。
3 could you find someone __
A for me to play tennis with B for me to play tennis
选择A。someone作with的宾语,表示和我打网球的人。
4 they are going to have the serviceman __an electric fan in the office tomorrow
A install B to install C to be install D installed
选择A。 have sb. do sth.是固定用法,在have,let等表示使某人做某事的词后,动词前不再加to。
5 what is the way george thought of++enought money to buy the house
A to get B getting C having got D being got
选择B。介词of后面跟现在分词形式。
问题补充:6 __your composition carefully ,some spelling mistake can be avoided
A having check B check C if you check D to check
选择B。表示祈使语气。个人感觉如果C改成if you checked更好,就是虚拟语气了。
7 the man we followd suddenly stopped and looked as if __whether he was going in the right direction
A seeing B having seen C to see D to have seen
选择C。用不定式表示目的,停下来是为了看有没有走错路。
8 generally speaking ,if __according to the instructions, the electric-bick is not dangerous as reported
A riding B ridden C to ride D to be ridden
选择B。唯一的一个表被动的(过去分词形式),句子的主语是电动车。
9 what is the way george thought of __enought money to buy house?
A to get B getting C having got D being got
选择B。此题和第5题一样。
10 without facts ,we can not form a correct opinion ,for we need to have actual knowledge __our thinking
A on which to base B which to base on C which to be based on D which to base
选择B。句子的意思是我们要把思想建立在知识的基础上,此处knowledge是先行词,所用词组为base on,把on把前,which作其宾主。
1.A remember to do 记得去做某事(这事还没做呢)
2.D collection 和leave 的关系是被动的,只有D 是被动语态。另为be to do “将要“
3.A 如果从后往前读的话就是: to play tennise with someone.
所以这个with 不能省略。这就是不定式作定语的特点。
4A have sb do = make sb do 让某人做某事
在这句话翻译为:让服务人员来安装电扇。
5A
在这里有两个定语来修饰the way . 一个是george thought of,一个是to get enought money to buy the house
...的方法:一定是 the way to do 或the way of doing sth.所以只能选A
翻译成:George想出来的,能得到足够钱买房子的方法是什么?
6.C 逗号前半句没有主语,逗号后面的主语some spelling mistake (拼写错误)与check 的关系既不是主动地,也不是被动的。所以,你只能老老实实地自己加一个主语you .
7.C 动词不定式表“将来,目的“。在这里as if to see要翻译成:好像要去看...
8.B if引导的句子没有主语,所以ride 要与后半句的主语the electric-bick 作比较,因为是被动关系。所以选B
9.A 和第五题不是一样的吗?
10。A
这是一个类似于定语从句的结构:
先行词 +介词+which to do
在这个结构里,介词不能像定语从句那样放在后面,只能放在which的前面。这就是为什么不能选B的道理了。
另外短语:base ... on ... 以... 为基础 ; 以... 为根据
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详细解题如下:
1.IF I had remembered __the window ,the thief would not have got in
A .to close B .to have been closed
答案:[ A ]
详解:此题考察的是对过去没有发生的事情的虚拟语气,主句谓语形式为[would (should, might, could) + have done (been)],而从句谓语形式相应为[ had done (been)],因为if从句已经有“had”,所以只需要采用“remember to do”的固定搭配,意即“记得要做某事”;
拓展:http://antonia929.bokee.com/5547498.html
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2. Sir deis ,who is 78 ,has made it known that much of his collection __to the nation
A .has left B. is to leave C.leaves D. is to be left
答案:[ D ]
详解:此题考察collection[收藏]和“the nation”的主宾关系,可以判断leave要用被动语态,只有D符合;
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3 . Could you find someone __
A. for me to play tennis with B. for me to play tennis
答案:[ B ]
详解:此题考察不定式作定语的用法,“to...”是用来限定“someone”的,所以不定式必须和限定词构成严密完整的逻辑关系,此题中的逻辑关系就是“play tennis with someone”,with断不能省略,否则逻辑关系缺失;
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4.They are going to have the serviceman __an electric fan in the office tomorrow
A. install B .to install C .to be install D. installed
答案:[ A ]
详解:此题考察使欲动词have的用法。使欲动词和感官动词后的动词不定式,省略 "to",如make,let,hear,see,notice,feel,watch等,help后面的动词不定式可以带 "to",也可以不带 "to".
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5.What is the way george thought of___enought money to buy the house ?
A. to get B. getting C.having got D. being got
答案:[ A ]
详解:此题里的“the way”同时有定语从句和不定式作限定和修饰,出题意图是想以此混淆迷惑考生,“the way to get enought money”就是用动词不定式限定和修饰the way;
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6. __your composition carefully ,some spelling mistake can be avoided .
A. having check B. check C. if you check D. to check
答案:[ C ]
详解:此题考察条件表达用法,由于主句和从句主语不一致,所以肯定从句不能省略主语you;
拓展:http://cache.baidu.com/c?word=having%2Cchecked&url=http%3A//edu%2Esina%2Ecom%2Ecn/en/2004%2D05%2D12/21490%2Ehtml&p=99769a4387934ead029fc0391b&user=baidu
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7. The man we followd suddenly stopped and looked as if __whether he was going in the right direction .
A .seeing B. having seen C. to see D .to have seen
答案:[ C ]
详解:此题同时考察look和as if的用法.要特别注意的一点就是,在本题中的look作不及物动词“好像;看起来”解,千万不要理解成及物动词“看”的意思,如果理解成“看”,那和接下来的动词see[察看,查看]岂不是重复说一个意思?as if 后可跟分词短语(doing)和不定式短语(to do),判断该用哪种形式的依据就是as if前的动作和as if后的动作的关系,如果基本是同时发生,那用doing形式,如果是先后关系,那就用to do形式。本题中,the man突然停下[stopped],看起来[looked]似乎[as if]在察看[to see]他是否走对了方向,很明显stop和see存在先后关系,故as if后用不定式短语形式
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8. Generally speaking ,if __according to the instructions, the electric-bike is not dangerous as reported .
A. riding B. ridden C. to ride D. to be ridden
答案:[ B ]
详解:此题考察条件表达用法,在条件状语从句中,如果从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词时,可将从句主语及be动词省略而只保留连词,从而构成省略. 此题中if从句未省略的完整形式是“if the electric-bike is ridden according to the instructions”;
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9.what is the way george thought of __enought money to buy house?
A. to get B.getting C. having got D.being got
答案:[ A ]
详解:此题考察点和第(5)题一样,都是考察 a way to do sth.的固定搭配,不过是利用“thought of”来迷惑考生;
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10. Without facts ,we can not form a correct opinion ,for we need to have actual knowledge __our thinking
A.on which to base B.which to base on C.which to be based on D.which to base
答案:[ A ]
详解:此题考察一种特殊的不定式结构用法,即 {先行词+介词+ which + to do sth.}常后置作定语修饰前面的先行词。
另举个例子:“three ways in which to obtain a higher quality job ”
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1、[参考答案]:A [解析]:固定搭配:remember to do sth. B表示现在完成时并表被动;此句是一句虚拟语句,B这种形式是不存在的;
2、[参考答案]:D [解析]:翻译“78岁的deis先生的遗产将要被分配出去。”根据意思是没有分配,所以是将来时,其次财产与分配是被动关系,用to be done的形式;
3、[参考答案]:A [解析]:把这句话改为陈述句为:You could find someone to play tennis with me.
4、[参考答案]:A [解析]:固定搭配:have sb. do sth.
5、[参考答案]:A [解析]:固定搭配:the way to do sth. 或者 the way of doing sth. 由于定语是“george thought of”此中的of并非搭配中的of doing sth.因此,只能选the way to do sth.
6、[参考答案]:C [解析]:意思为“如果你自信检查你的作文,有些拼写错误是可以避免的。”A是做状语,B是用在祈使句,比如:Check your composition carefully, and you'll make few mistakes./or you'll make a lot of mistakes.
7、[参考答案]:C [解析]:这句是虚拟语气,标志词是as if,看到它就要想到这个句子的时态,从而断定答案。此外,虚拟语气中没有A、B、D的形式。
8、[参考答案]:B [解析]:翻译:“总的来说,如果根据说明驾驶,........”如果用followed by the instructions就比较清楚了。不过同理也是一样的,ridden就是这么出来的,被动的关系。
9、[参考答案]:A [解析]:同第5题。
10、[参考答案]:A [解析]:翻译:“没有事实,我们就不能形成一个正确的意见,因为我们需要有我们基于思考的实际的知识。”看到先行词knowledge知道是一个定语从句,这是一句显然的含有介词的定语从句,base on doing sth.此处根据定语从句的规则,应该把base on中的on提前,就成了on which,由此即可得出答案。
以上声明是参考答案,仅供参考。
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plenty of 固定搭配 a number of 固定搭配 a large amount of 固定搭配 3。A IS xxx(数词) times as 形容词 as B 4。arrange sb to do sth.习惯用语 arrange for 安排, 准备 arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事 5.more or less 差不多 more and more越来越多 题意:稍微休息...
两道高中英语选择题,求解释。先谢谢大家了
1.___himself,he hurried to the office without breakfast,or he would have late.A Dressed B Having dressed C Dressing D To dress 答:C 译:他一边穿衣服,一边急着去公司上班,连早饭都没吃,不然他准迟到了。析:本题考非谓语动词作状语。dress是及物动词,跟sb.\/ oneself作宾语,...
柘周克龄: 1. 答案:C. 2. 翻译: --从学校到这儿有多远? --有3公里远. 3. 解释: 1)3 kilometers long的意思是“3公里长”,指物体的长度; 2)“A地离B地很远”是:A be far (away) from B 但是如果有了具体的数量和单位时,结构必须改成: A be + 基数词 + 距离单位(复数) + away from B 3)该题后面省略from here,其实away也可以省略
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: 应该选择a.as是连词,引导状语从句,读题干可知,句意应为“尽管她是个女孩子,但是在比赛中她想做得像一个男孩子一样.”这里as显然要表示一种转折关系,根据as的用法,当连词as引导壮语从句表示转折关系...
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题...?
柘周克龄: 选A upset:形容词意为烦乱的,不高兴的.副词用作颠覆,推翻等等意思. 整个句子意思是“(因为)没完成我的家庭作业.今天早晨我不高兴的(郁闷的)起床. upset在这用作形容词修饰动词词组woke up B选项错在加了s(upset不能作第三人称代词,没必要加S) C选项错在加了was(upset为形容词,没有被动语态,故不能加was)D选项错在加ed 答案同C
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: chardly表示否定因而用any,意思是任何deer是鹿,且是可数名词但他的复数形式是原型,和sheep一样
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: B Losing much weight只有B才可以代替what做主语,就是Losing much weight makes him so happy
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: B chance,give sb a chance. 给某人机会
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: 第一句话是对的.分析:①这是句【倒装句】百度百科词条:http://baike.baidu.com/view/84467.htm#3②改为陈述句:The students come here.(学生们过来了.) 这时你应该能看懂了吧?主语是The students,谓语动词当然要用come了,所以上述两句话中的第一句是对的.
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: 这个句子的主语是Tom, 所以应该是He was delighted at the sensatiion.省略前面的He was.
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语题 - ?
柘周克龄: Da ten-minute's walk或者 a ten minutes' walk
带岭区17667435822: 一道英语试题?
柘周克龄: 第一个选B,因为1.many other 是固定搭配,其后加可数名词的复数形式;2.这里不是特指,所以不加the. 第二个不加the,因为树袋熊是众所周知的,不是特指,所以不加the.