英语中 主将从现和虚拟语气有什么联系? 有什么区别? 具体点解释~ 谢谢~

作者&投稿:江鲍 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
主将从现,主过从过的单词,词组有哪些?比如if,越多越好,谢谢~

主将从现就是主语是将来时态,从句是现在时态的句子,其标志性词有if,as soon as, unless, until, before, after,when,while,in case, as long as,the moment,no matter等等。

简单句有五种:1,主谓 It rains 下雨了2,主谓宾 he helps me3,主系表 he is a teacher ( is系动词,a teacher 表语)4,主谓双宾语 He tells me a story (我、故事,双宾语)5,主谓宾+宾补 he helps me to do homeworks ( to do homework 补足语)
从句:有三大类:
状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句)时间状语从句和条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则;;
2. 宾语从句:宾语从句要用陈述句语序
3.定语从句:定语从句找出先行词再定引导词that/ who/which等。

与虚拟语气无关。主将从现只用于时间状语从句和条件句。
1. 时间状语从句:明天他来时,我会告诉他的。I will tell him when he comes tomorrow.
2. 条件句:如果明天下雨,我们就呆在家里。 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
虚拟语气属于条件句。而真实的条件句都必须用陈述语气。(比如上一句)
虚拟语气基本上分三种时间段:
1 对过去发生完的事情,埋怨,或猜测。如:如果你不去那里的话, 就不会发生这事情了。
If you had not gone there, it would not have happened.
2. 对现在的推测,如:如果我是你的话,我就去那里。If I were you, I would go there.
3. 对未来推测,如:如果明天地球没有水的话,我们怎么办?What should we do if there should no water on the earth tomorrow?

在复合句中,由when ,as soon as ,after ,before ,until , unless等引导的时间状语从句和由if 引导的条件状语从句,都符合“主将从现”的原则,即主句是一般将来时(或用一般现在时表示一般将来时的意义),从句要用一般现在时。这是历年中考的考查热点。 ①一般将来时 ②一般现在时
will do am/is/are
am /is/are going to do do/does
例:I’ll go to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow.
A. doesn’t rain B. will rain C. rains D. won’t rain (2005年甘肃省)
答案:A
I’ll give the note to her as soon as she back.(come)
答案:comes
中考链接:(下面这些题都是2004和2005年各省市的中考题)
1. If he _______ harder, he will catch up with us soon.
A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied (2004年北京市)
2. We’ll go to visit Tian’anmen Square ________ it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
A. if B. as soon as C. when D. since (2004年河北省)
3. – Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?
-- I think we’ll go if we _______ too much homework.
A. will have B. had C. won’t D. don’t have (2004 年长沙市)
4. Frank ______ to see his grandma if he ______ free tomorrow.
A. will come, will be B. comes, is
C. will come, is D. comes, will be (2004年吉林省)
5. I am waiting for my friend. ________ , I will go swimming alone.
A. If he doesn’t come B. If he won’t come
C. If he will come D. If he is coming (2004年陕西省)
6. – Will you come to the dinner party?
-- I won’t come unless Jenny __________ .
A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited (2004年安徽省)
7. Tomorrow is Sunday, Jim will go hiking with his friends if it __________ .
A. isn’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. won’t rain D. don’t rain (2004年哈尔滨市)
8. – How do you go to the zoo tomorrow?
-- If it _________ tomorrow, I’ll go there by car.
A. rains B. rain C. raining D. will rain (2004年甘肃省)
9. Young man! If you _________ again, you’ll lose your job.
A. will be B. were C. are D. have been (2004年南宁市)
10. Can you play games with us when your homework _________ ?
A. is finished B. will finish C. finish
D. will be finished (2004年四川省资阳市)
11. You will stay healthy ________ you do more exercises, such as running and walking.
A. if B. how C. before D. where (2004年北京市海淀卷)
12. I won’t believe that little Bob can run 100 metres in 15 seconds ______ I see it with my own eyes.
A. until B. after C. when D. if (2004年黑龙江省)
13. – I don’t know _______ he will come tomorrow.
-- Don’t worry. _______ he comes, I’ll let you know.
A. whether…If B. if …Whether C. when …Whether
D. that… If (2004年安徽省芜湖市)
14. – It’s 9 o’clock now. I must go.
-- It’s raining outside. Don’t leave ______ it stops.
A. when B. since C. while D. until (2005年北京市)
15. Frank _______ a film if he’s free next Saturday.
A. see B. saw C. has seen D. will see (2005年北京市)
16. If Mr Smith ________ back, please let me know.
A. will come B. comes C. came D. had come (2005年宁波市)
17. I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it _________ , I will stay at home.
A. will rain, rains B. rains, will rain C. will rain, will rain (2005年哈尔滨市)
18. The sports meet will continue ________ it rains this afternoon.
A. if B. since C. as soon as D. unless (2005年天津市)
19. – I want to know when ______ have a field trip.
-- We’ll have it when all the work ________.
A. you are, will finish B. you will, finishes
C. you will, is finished D. you will, is finish (2005年辽宁省)
20. We won’t go to the park if it ________ tomorrow.
A. rains B. will rain C. is raining (2005年青海省)
答案:1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.A

虚拟语气:
一、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如:

If you took a taxi,you'd get there quicker. 如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐)

If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)

二、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。如:

If I'd left sooner,I'd have been on time. 要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)

If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了)

三、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如:

If he went,would you go too? 如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去)

If I asked him,I'm sure he'd help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)

注意与说明:对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:

一是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;

二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设);

三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气或祈使语气。如:

I should see him, I'll tell him. 万一我见到他,我就告诉他。

If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨,就别等我了


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