初中英语句型转换和同义词转换
What about
what about=how do you like=what do you think of
what‘s wrong with him?
祝你学习进步,更上一层楼! (*^__^*)
不明白的再问哟,请及时采纳,多谢!
句型转换题是中考英语试题中常见的题型之一,该题型主要考查学生对英语句型的掌握情况和灵活运用的能力。命题形式一般是给出一个英语句子,要求考生根据所提要求改写这个句子。
核心知识
一、题型分析
1.句子种类的转换:
A.将肯定的陈述句改为否定句。
B.将陈述句改为感叹句、一般疑问句、反意疑问句、或特殊疑问句(即对划线部分提问)。
C.将简单句转换为复合句。
D.将并列句转换为简单句。
E.将两个简单句合并为一个简单句或复合句。
2.简单句的几种基本句型之间的转换:
A.将主谓结构变为主系表结构,
B.将双宾语结构改为复合宾语结构等。
3.语态的转换:A.将主动语态变为被动语态B.将被动语态变为主动语态。
4.引语的转换:A.将直接引语改为间接引语B.将间接引语改为直接引语。
5.同义句转换:在中考英语试题中,同义句转换的题量较大,除了句型间的转换外,有些是同义词语间的转换。
二、解题方法
1.吃透原句。在答题时首先要弄清所给句子的句型结构、主语的人称和数、谓语动词的形式、以及全句的意思。
2.明确要求。要看清楚题目的要求,弄懂题意,不要盲目动笔。
3.对“症”下“药”。即针对不同的要求采用不同的方法。
(1)将肯定句改为否定句时,除要正确使用谓语动词的否定形式外,还要将句中的some改为any,将something改为anything等。例如:
(例1.)There is some rice in the bowl.→
There isn’t any rice in the bowl.
(例2.)They bought something in the supermarket.→
They didn’t buy anything in the supermarket.
(2)将陈述句改为一般疑问句时,要根据陈述句中的谓语动词及其时态形式确定其疑问式,同时还要注意将原句中的some改为any,将something改为anything等。
例如:
(例1.)I’ve got some money with me.→
Have you got any money with you?
(例2.)Mr.Wang said something about the accident at themeeting.→
Did Mr.Wang say anything about the accident at the meeting?
(3)将陈述句改为反意疑问句时,除了遵循陈述部分若为肯定式,疑问部分则用否定式和陈述部分若为否定式,疑问部分则用肯定式的原则外,还要注意:当陈述部分含有little,few,no,nothing,never等否定意义的词时,疑问部分要用肯定形式。另外,还要注意部分情态动词的特殊情况,如当陈述部分为must be,表示对现在情况的推测,作“一定”或“肯定”
讲时,疑问部分的动词一般用be的相应否定形式,而不用mustn’t。例如:
(例1.)Tom likes reading,doesn’t he?
There weren’t any mice in the room,were there?
(例2.)There is little water in the cup,is there?
They must be in the reading-room,aren’t they?
(4)对划线部分提问时,可按一定、二移(或加)、三变化、四删除的步骤进行。第一步“定”,就是根据划线部分的内容确定适当的疑问词。如问时间用when或what time,问地点用where,问价钱用howmuch,问年龄用how old,问原因用why,问“做什么事”用what…do/does/did等。第二步“移(或加)”,就是将句子结构改为一般疑问句的形式,如果谓语部分含有系动词be,助动词be,will,have或情态动词时,则将这类动词移到句首。如果谓语动词是行为动词,则需在主语前加助动词do,does或did。但是,如果划线部分是原句的主语或主语部分的定语,则不需要这一步。第三步“变化”,即对句子中某些词作相应的变化,除了将谓语动词变为原形动词外,还要注意将原句中句首单词(专有名词除外)的首字母改为小写,将句中的some变为any,将句号变为问号等。第四步“删除”,就是去掉被疑问词替换的划线部分的词。例如:
(例1.)My uncle has been to Hong Kong twice.→
How many times has your uncle been to Hong Kong?
(例2.)It took the artist half an hour to draw thebeautifulhorse.→
How long did it take the artist to draw the beautifulhorse?
(例3.)Her mother is a nurse.→
What is her mother?
(例4.)The children are playing football on the playground.→
Where are the boys playing football?
(例5.)He read some newspapers in the reading room.→
What did he do in the reading-room?
(5)将陈述句变为感叹句时,首先要确定是用what还是用how开头。如果强调部分的中心词是名词,就用what;若是形容词或副词,则用how。然后将所强调的部分移至what或how之后,要注意去掉修饰这一形容词或副词的副词。例如:
(例1.)He is a very good teacher.→
What a good teacher he is!
(例2.)They danced quite well.→
How well they danced!
(6)将简单句变为复合句或将复合句变为并列句或简单句时,既要注意句子的结构变化,又要注意不能改变句子的意思。要重视一些常用连词和动词的非谓语形式的用法。
例如:
(例1.)We think it true.→
We think that it is true.
(例2.)If you use your head,you’ll find a way.→
Use you head,then you’ll find a way.
(例3.)He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.→
He was too angry to say a word.
(7)将主动语态变为被动语态时,谓语动词变为be+过去分词”形式,这里的be除了要与原句在时态上保持一致外,还要与句子的主语在人称和数等方面保持一致。
例如:
(例1.)They have set up a new primary school in myhometown.→
A new primary school has been set up in myhometown.
(8)将直接引语改为间接引语时,除了要对人称代词、动词时态、时间状语和地点状语等作相应的变化外,有时还要更改相应的谓语动词或将谓语动词改为非谓语形式。例如:
(例1.)The teacher said,“Will you come here next Sunday?”→
The teacher asked me whether I would go there thenext Sunday.
(例2.)The woman said to the boy,“Go away.”→
The woman ordered the boy to go away.
(9)在作同义词语的转换时,首先要理解原句的意思,然后根据原句的意思和要补全句子的结构填入所缺少的词,使两句意思相同或相近。
例如:
(例1.)My father drives to work every day.→
My father goes to work by car every day.
(例2.)May I borrow your bike,please?→
Can you lend me your bike, please?
4.仔细检查。一是从所写答案是否符合题目的要求方面来检查。二是从句子的时态、语态、人称和数方面来检查。三是从单词的拼写与标点符号的使用方面来检查。四是将两个句子相互对照来检查。如先看“对划线部分提问”的答案(问句),再看原句(答句),这样一问一答,容易判断正误。
呵呵 刚整理的,希望对你有用。
show somebody something的同义词
题在哪?
不懂你问什么
书名?
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