高一名词性从句，定语从句。总是分不清。可以详解么？要有例题~~（高分悬赏）

怎么正确区分定语从句名词性从句和状语从句，我总是分不清怎么回事~

定语从句中的关系词（that.who.which,where等）在从句中是一定要做成分的（主要是主、宾、定、状语）。
状语从句的连词一般有较具体的含义（表条件、原因、结果等）。
名词性从句的连接词可以不在从句中做任何成分而只起连接作用。
其实这三类从句的本质都是一个句子在另一个句子中（主句）分别充当定语、名词性质的成分（主、宾、表、同位语）、状语而已。只有名词性从句的类别稍复杂一点，下面便把它的常见结构例举出来吧：
（1）主语从句：主语从句+主句的谓语+主句的其他成分
（2）宾语从句：主句的主语+主句的谓语动词+宾语从句——一定是动词或介词之后的句子才叫宾语从句哦！
（3）表语从句：主句的主语+be动词+表语从句——一定是be动词之后！
（4）同位语从句：含抽象名词（idea.advice.question等）的主句+解释抽象名词的从句。它与定语从句的差别在于这个抽象名词在从句中是一定不做任何成分的，而定语从句中先行词在从句中一定要担当成分。
你可以找几个例句分析判断一下，希望对你有用！！！

1.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what
解析：本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成
分，只在语法上起连接的作用
2____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
解析：该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved
3____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
解析：试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是当宾语或主语从句为否定句时，只能用if引导，不能用whether引导。
4____ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
答案是C，that不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。由于该主语从句是否定句，所以不能用whether引导。
5.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
解析：由于从句不能倒装，所以答案只能是A与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用自然语序，即使在疑问句中，从句也不倒装（而在主句上倒装）。

6.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
解析：答案是B。同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首，而且how和被修饰的词excited不能分裂开。
7.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
解析：所需词至于句首，同时后面有that-从句（逻辑主语），可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常可以带it作形式宾语.例如：
Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.
8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
解析：答案是B，whatever引导一个宾语从句，并且作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what，因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同时要注意，这里whatever也不能改用no matter what，因为后者只能引导状语从句。
9____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever
解析：答案是D，whoever意为“无论谁”，表泛指。比较下例：
I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words. （这里的who表特定的某人）
10.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. that D. where
解析：答案是A，why引导的从句作表语，同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why，而不是when或 where等，唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义，及语境。
11.Do you remember ____ he came?
—Yes, I do, he came by car.
A. How B. when C. that D. if
解析：答案是A，从答语 “he came by car”可知这里问的是“he”来的方式，所以用how引导。
12.It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
解析：答案是A。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句，作介词of宾语的，是后面的整个句子，而不是宾语从句的引导词，由于这里引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who（作宾语时自然要用whom）。
13.Our country has thousands of excellent scientists, most of (whom) have received higher education at home.
这是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；引导定语从句的是“most of+关系代词”而不只是这个关系代词，同时这个引导词又作介词of的宾语，所以要用宾格whom。（注意与介词后面的宾语从句的引导词的用法进行比较和区别。）
14____ you have seen both fighters, ____ will win?
A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you think
C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think
解析：根据上面的讲解，不难知道答案是D。其中do you think是插入成分，其余部分是宾语从句，作think的宾语；由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who（不用whom）。
15.China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that
解析：该句中的从句作shows的宾语，是宾语从句，又因为从句中不缺主、宾语，所以只能用that引导；又因引导宾语从句时that可以省略，所以答案是C
16Then arose the question ____ we were to get so much money.
17This the house ____ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.
A. where B. that C. about which D. in which
解析：答案分别是(1) A (2) A/D。先行词与where, when概念一致时，是定语从句，（2）中的house与where同表地点，且这个关系副词where或when可以用“介词+which”的形式代替，所以答案A 和D都可以引导。（1）题中的question与where不表同一概念，可见是同位语从句，所以where不能改用“介词+which”的形式。
18
It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．
A．whatever B．no matter what
C．whenever D．no matter when
此题应选A。容易误选B。选项C，D显然是错的，因为句中的wants缺宾语，而C，D两项不能作宾语。至于C，D的区别，可这样描述：no matter what只能引导状语从句，而不引导名词性从句。而whatever既可引导名词性从句（＝anything that），也可引导状语从句（＝no matter what）：
19I think ____ he needs is more practice．
—Yes． ____ he needs more practice is clear．
A．what， What B．that，That
C．what， That D．that， What
此题应选C。其余三项均可能被误选。What和that都可以引导名词性从句，但有区别：
1．what引导名词从句时，它在从句中要充当句子成分（主语、宾语等），而that引导名词从句时，它在从句中不能充当句子成分。
2．what引导名词从句时，它有词义（表示：什么；所…的[东西]）；而that引导名词从句时，它没有词义。
20.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depenps on the weather．
A．If B．Whether C．That D．When
此题应选B。容易误选A，C。
1．关于if与whether：两者都可引导宾语从句，常可换用；但若引导主语从句，则用whether（不用if），排除A。
21.he said at the meeting astonished everyone present．
A．What B．That C．If D．Whether
此题应选A。选项C（if）显然不能选，因为if通常不能引导主语从句；选项B（that）和D（whether）虽然都可以引导主语从句，但两者除了意思不合题意外，还有它们在主语从句中都不充当句子成分，而此句中的he said缺宾语。
22._______ we can't get seems better than _______ we have.

A. What; what B. What; that

C. That; that D. That; what

分析: (注:划线的选项为最佳答案,下同.)在名词性从句中that与what的区别是:that在名词性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用;而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用,而且作句子成分.句子的意思是:我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好.此题考查了两个名词性从句:主语从句和宾语从句,what在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语.

23._______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

分析:在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语.此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
24. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C. this D. them

分析:此题考查的是用先行词it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放到后面.其他几个词均不能作形式宾语.

25.The photographs will show you _______ .

A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like

分析:在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。当关联词含疑问意义时,有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是:这些照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据引导词what要作介词like的宾语,而副词how不能作介词like的宾语,所以首先排除C、D,而A项是疑问句语序,故只能选B
26.
_______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

分析:句子的意思是:我们明天是否去野营要视天气而定. whether与if当"是否"讲时的区别是:在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换,但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not时通常只能用whether,而不能用if.
27.
What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. how C. whether D. why

分析:本题句子的意思是:医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来.whether引导的是表语从句.

28: It worried her a bit _______ her
A. while B. that C. if D. for

分析:本题句子的意思是:头发变白使她有点儿不安。It作形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。whether, if以及that引导的名词性从句的区别是:whether与if(当"是否"讲时)引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义;而that引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义。

29She expressed the she would travel in Dalian again.
A.hope it B.whether C.hope D.hope that
答案是D
30.May I ask you a question we are to get the book needed?
A.what B.which C.where D.if
答案是C

（这里因为篇幅有限，所以并不是特别详细，其实可以买一本语法书看看，比较实在，网上看东西会比较浮躁，看书的效果最好！）
【一、定语从句】
定义：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)
② 语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。
③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用：
关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) / Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。)
关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)
④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)
[注解]
1、关系代词只能用that的情况：当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that. 如：All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。) / Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？) / This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。)
2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物。 如：Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner? (你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？) / Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me. (跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。)
3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系代词常常省略。如：Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to. (Tom的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的人。)
4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who. 如：This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)
【二、名词性从句】
一、名词性从句的三类连词
名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。根据这些从句的共同特性，名词性从句的连词主要可以分成三类：that, if/ whether和wh-(疑问词)。
1．如果一个陈述句被用来作为另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我们一般要用that作为连词。that本身在句子中没有意思，只起连接作用。
eg. 陈述句：Science is developing very fast.
主语从句：It is known to all that science is developing very fast.
表语从句：The fact is that science is developing very fast.
宾语从句：Everyone knows that science is developing very fast.
同位语从句：The fact that science is developing very fast is known to all.
2．如果一个一般疑问句被用来作为另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我们要用whether或if作为连词。whether/ if在句子中的意思是“是否”。变成名词性从句后，原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述句的词序（主语+谓语）。
eg. 一般疑问句：Shall we have a meeting this afternoon?
主语从句：Whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon hasn’t been decided yet.
或：It hasn’t been decided yet whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
表语从句：The question is whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
宾语从句：Do you know whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon?
同位语从句：None of us can answer the question whether we shall have a meeting this afternoon.
注意：原来的疑问句词序在从句中都被改变成陈述句的词序，复合句的标点符号由主句的句型决定。
3．如果一个特殊疑问句被用来作为另一个句子主语、表语、宾语或同位语，那么我们就保留原来的疑问词作为连词，这些疑问词的意思也保留在从句中。变成名词性从句之后，原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述句的词序（主语+谓语）
eg. 特殊疑问句：Why did the water become smelly?
主语从句：Why the water became smelly must be found out immediately.
表语从句：The problem is why the water became smelly.
宾语从句：Scientists are trying to find out why the water became smelly.
同位语从句：Scientists are trying to solve the problem why the water became smelly.
注意：跟由一般疑问句被用来作为名词性从句一样，特殊疑问句作名词性从句时，原来的疑问句词序在从句中都要改变成陈述句的词序，复合句的标点符号也由主句的句型决定。
此外，还要注意，当特殊疑问句问的主语时，句子的词序就是陈述句的词序，如“Who helped you at that time?”“What happened to him later?”“What’s the matter with you?”“What’s wrong with the computer?”，所以这些句子如充当名词性从句时，词序就不用再变了。
eg. I don’t know what’s wrong with the computer.
【同位语从句与定语从句的区别】：
cf. A) The information that the film star is seriously ill is not reliable.（同位语从句）
The information that you got from the internet is not reliable. （定语从句）
B) The news that she told me is too good to believe. （定语从句）
The news that I have been admitted into the university is too good to believe. (同位语从句)

这里有俩个高考例题（很容易做错！可以仔细体会一下）：
【1】A modern city has been set up in____ was a wasteland ten years ago.(2004 天津)
A. what B. which
C .that D. where
此题解答时，易把汉语的习惯移植进去：十年前曾是一片废墟的地方，从而误选D。本题中，空格及空格后面的部分共同做介词in的宾语。而在这个宾语从句中，空格部分又要做主语。毫无疑问，where是副词的性质，从来只能做状语，决不可能做主语。同时本题有没有给定一个供选择的范围，所以排除了which。正确答案是A
【2】A fast food restaurant is the place ____, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.
A. which B. where C. there D. what
选B。因为在本句中，先行词是place，同时我们还可以看到后面的从句eating is performed quickly不缺主语，或宾语，所以用关系副词where。整个句子的意思是：快餐店，正如它的名字所示，就是一个很快的餐的地方。

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

http://baike.baidu.com/view/414544.htm
一、引导名词性从句的连接词

分类
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词（5个）：that（宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略）
whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）
as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever
连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
不可省略的连词：
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比较
whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
1. whether引导主语从句并在句首
2. 引导表语从句
3. whether从句作介词宾语
4. 从句后有"or not"
5. 引导同位语从句
Whether he will come is not clear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.

定语从句及相关术语

定语从句
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词叫做定语从句。
关系词
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：
①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
先行词
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
编辑本段
关系代词引导的定语从句举例

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who做主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。在从句中所起作用如下：
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
Whose 用来指人或物
(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换，指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替）
(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) color is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：
(1) A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）
(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在句中作宾语）
4、 as
as 可以做主语，也可以作宾语，作宾语时可以省略，指人或者物。常与such as,the same as等短语连用。
编辑本段
限定性定语从句

关系代词
关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语
1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：This is the book （which）you want.]
2. 如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
3. 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：
a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；
b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；
c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；
d)先行词中既有人又有物时；
e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；
f)当先行词为物并作表语时；
g)先行词为one时；
h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
关系副词
关系副词：在句中作状语
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。
2. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。
By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。
I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。
Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。
3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。
非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
编辑本段
非限制性定语从句

1. which引导的非限定性定语从句作用是说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2.当先行词是专有名词、物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3.非限定性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
4. 有时as也可用作关系代词
5. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系副词why和关系代词that，而用who, whom代表人，用which,whose代表事物，如果需要用why，可用for which代替.；
p.s: which引导的非限制性定语从句其后不可省略成分，as可以
编辑本段
关系代词引导的定语从句

who指人在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的老人.
whom指人
在定语从句中充当宾语，常省略。（注：who和whom已无太大区别，基本可以通用。区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以，whom前可以加介词如to whom，但是who不可以）
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. 刘先生就是在公交车上和你聊天的那个人.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 他就是那个和我聊天的男人.
如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book. 他就是那个有英语书的男人.
whose通常指人也可指物
在定语从句中做定语。
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友的父亲是医生.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时通常以以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.那个门被打破的教室不久会被修复。
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.课堂门，被打破会不久被修复。
(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?你喜欢颜色是黄色的书吗?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?你喜欢的书的颜色，是黄色吗?
which指物
在定语从句中做主语，表语，定语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.
that指人时
相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中做主语,表语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.数目的人民那个/谁来城市观光每年上升之一个百万
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?那个男人在哪里/我看见谁了今天早上?
编辑本段
关系副词引导的定语从句

when指时间
在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
where指地点
在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
why指原因
在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
编辑本段
介词和关系代词

1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when ,where和why 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时
从句常由介词+关系代词引导
当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用which/whom即“介词+which/whom"且不能省略。但当介词位于末尾时可用that/which/who/whom.作介词的宾语，且可以省略。例如：
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous."that/which"可以省略
= The school in which he once studied is very famous."which”不可省略
(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(3) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
= We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：
1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
T This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T＝正确)
F This is the watch for which I am looking. (F＝错误)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)
(2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词、数词或者名词。
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
（4）The boat, the name of which is Topsail, is famous.
（5）I bought many books yesterday, three of which are written by Lu Xun.
关系代词
关系代词（一般情况下）that 可用在从句做主语，谓动词的宾语，但是不能做介词的宾语。
which指物，在从句中作主语，谓语或宾语；
who在从句中作主语；
whom在从句中作宾语；
where在从句中修饰表地点的名词，做地点状语；
when在从句中通常修饰表时间的名词，做时间状语；
why在从句中做原因状语，先行词通常是"reason"
有时why也可用for+which代替。
例：A doctor is a person ‖who looks after people's health.
主语 谓语 先行词 定语从句修饰先行词
判断介词和关系代词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，is后应跟表语，只有the one可以，而后面的you visited a few days ago则做one的定语从句。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；
先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。

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羊聪强肝：[答案] 名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,多由连词that,wh-疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导.1.主语从句 1)主语从句在句子中充当主语,句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数.如:What is happening ...

华蓥市15265775247： 高中英语 怎么区分定语从句和名词性从句 ? - ？
羊聪强肝： 你要明白,定语从句在主句中充当定语,起修饰作用,相当于一个虚词,即去掉它句子仍然完整. 而名词性从句,从句在主句中充当名名词的作用,也就是相当于一个实词,当去掉它的时候,主句也就不完整了. 以上是区分定语从句和名词性...

华蓥市15265775247： 名词性从句和定语从句的区别是什么我分不清 - ？
羊聪强肝： 1、名词性从句,包括主语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,表语从句四种.其中同位语从句容易与定语从句混淆.2、区分方法:A、看被修饰的词. 同位语从句中,被修饰的只能是news,information,fact等名词,而定语从句中,被修饰的先行词...

华蓥市15265775247： 怎样区分名词性从句和定语从句?详解 - ？
羊聪强肝： 名词性从句就是句子有了名词的性质,可以当名词用;定语从句就句子可以当形容词用,当定语.引导名词性从句的有that whether 和 疑问词,其中that whether 不做主要成分.定语从句的引导词有 关系代词that which who whom whose 关系副词有 when how why where 等 还有一些复合的 what 等 .需要注意的是,定语从句的关系代词一定要是所引导句子里的主语 表语 宾语 ,而关系副词只当从句里的状语.

华蓥市15265775247： 怎样区分定语从句和名词性从句, 专业人士回答! ! ! - ？
羊聪强肝： 首先了解一下你提出的这两个从句的含义及作用:定语从句:充当定语,起修饰的作用,为了把句子表达得更加清晰明确,去掉它句子仍然完整.如:This is the sentence (which i want to give to you as an example).这个就是我想要给你当做例子...

华蓥市15265775247： 定语从句和名词性从句的区分 - ？
羊聪强肝： 第一,定语从句有先行词,且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整; 名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词,同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分. e.g. The news that they told me excited me.(the news可以放入从...

华蓥市15265775247： 名词性从句和定语从句如何区分? - ？
羊聪强肝： 名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,多由连词that,wh-疑问词或由what,whatever等关系代词引导. 1.主语从句 1)主语从句在句子中充当主语,句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数.如: What is happening outside does ...

华蓥市15265775247： 怎样快速地区分定语从句和名词性从句 - ？
羊聪强肝： 名词性从句有四类:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句.区分的方法:看从句在主句中充当什么成分.这得看你对句子结构理解得透不透了.如果理解透彻的话,很管用.