关于厌食？

关于暴食症厌食症的电影~

暴食：
瘦身男女
爱的暴食症
徐若瑄主演的新电影《背着你跳舞》

厌食：生命中的故事，精神厌食症

忧郁症：
移魂女郎（被禁锢的女孩）
水果硬糖
洛丽塔（书更精彩）
梦旅人（日本）
爱的捆绑（日本）
回归（西班牙）
时时刻刻
半醉人间
飞跃疯人院
时时刻刻

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by excessive food restriction and irrational fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body self-perception. It typically involves excessive weight loss. Anorexia nervosa usually develops during adolescence and early adulthood.[1] Due to the fear of gaining weight, people with this disorder restrict the amount of food they consume. This restriction of food intake causes metabolic and hormonal disorders.[2] Outside of medical literature, the terms anorexia nervosa and anorexia are often used interchangeably; however, anorexia is simply a medical term for lack of appetite. However, people with anorexia nervosa do not lose their appetites.[3]

People suffering from anorexia have extremely high levels of ghrelin, the hunger hormone that tells the brain when it is time to eat, in their blood. The high levels of ghrelin suggests that their bodies are trying desperately to switch hunger on but that hunger’s call is being suppressed, ignored, or overridden. Nevertheless, one small single-blind study found that intravenous administration of ghrelin to anorexia nervosa patients increased food intake by 12-36% over the trial period.[4]

Anorexia nervosa has many complicated implications and may be thought of as a lifelong illness that may never be truly cured, but only managed over time. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by low body weight, inappropriate eating habits and obsession with having a thin figure. Individuals suffering from it may also practice repeated weighing, measuring, and mirror gazing, alongside other obsessive actions, to make sure they are still thin, a common practice known as "body checking".[5]

Anorexia nervosa is often coupled with a distorted self image[6][7] which may be maintained by various cognitive biases[8] that alter how the affected individual evaluates and thinks about her or his body, food and eating.[9] Anorexia nervosa is characterized by the fear of gaining weight. Those suffering from this disorder often view themselves as "too fat" even if they are already underweight.[10] Persons with anorexia nervosa continue to feel hunger, but deny themselves all but very small quantities of food.[9] The average caloric intake of a person with anorexia nervosa is 600–800 calories per day, but extreme cases of complete self-starvation are known. It is a serious mental illness with a high incidence of comorbidity and similarly high mortality rates to serious psychiatric disorders.[10]

Anorexia nervosa most often has its onset in adolescence and is more prevalent among adolescent girls than adolescent males.[11] However, more recent studies show the onset age has decreased from an average of 13 to 17 years of age to 9 to 12.[12] While it can affect men and women of any age, race, and socioeconomic and cultural background,[13] anorexia nervosa occurs in 10 times more females than males.[14]

The term anorexia nervosa was established in 1873 by Sir William Gull, one of Queen Victoria's personal physicians.[15] The term is of Greek origin: an- (ἀν-, prefix denoting negation) and orexis (ὄρεξις, "appetite"), thus meaning a lack of desire to eat.[16] However, while the term "anorexia nervosa" literally means "neurotic loss of appetite", the literal meaning of the term is somewhat misleading. Many anorexics do enjoy eating and have certainly not lost their appetites as the term "loss of appetite" is normally understood; it is better to regard anorexia nervosa as a self-punitive addiction to fasting, rather than a literal loss of appetite.

Schneer suggested anorexia nervosa patients who have "difficulties in identifying, containing and articulating emotions resort to food as a symbolic expression of the inability to establish subjective limits in their relationships with others".[17]

　　厌食症发病一般多隐袭，逐渐厌食而体重减轻，丧失原体重的1/4－1/2或更多，同时还会出现闭经。呈不同程度的消瘦，严重者皮包骨。但体力仍充沛，闭经而阴毛不脱，是本症的特点,但到后来可有乏力、易倦和忧郁感。病人开始不一定有厌食，而只是制造种种理由拒食。 有些病人虽觉食欲好，但吃了几口就觉得胃部饱胀不舒适而中止进食，或者见到食物就不愿意吃。如强迫进食，常诱发恶心呕吐；一些病人甚至千方百计以诱导一吐为快。除厌食外，病人还可有其他神经官能症的症状，如癔症球，上腹饱胀不舒适，不可以解释的疲劳，对性欲不感兴趣和失眠等。
　　主要表现：1、病人过多注意饮食和担心发胖的心理，而主动拒食或过分节食，造成消瘦、营养不良，出现皮肤干燥、水肿，甚至骨瘦如柴，即使这样，还认为这就是“骨感美”，只有这样的担心和控制才会有如此的效果。2、病人多有饥饿的感觉，但却强迫我不进食。他们善于研究食物的营养、热量；隐藏或故意浪费食物。大约50%的厌食症者伴贪食症，暴食后又我诱吐、服减肥药、泻药等，或者大运动量活动，唯恐我体重增加，从而导致水电解质紊乱（低血钾、低血钠等）和酸碱平衡失调（代谢性碱中毒）。3、女性多月经减少或停止，男女都有性欲缺乏；4、心脏功能下降，心率缓慢、血压下降、心率失常，导致猝死；心血流量降低，脑血管供血不足，易造成晕厥。5、体重明显下降，出现水肿；体内激素水平异常，造成毛发细疏或体毛过多等。6、病人常伴有性格改变，如抑郁、焦虑、喜怒无常、强迫或反复做某件事；常说谎、隐瞒其进食习惯等。

有过减肥经历吗？成年女性厌食往往与减肥引起肠菌群失调有关。上海有高博特盐水瓶，对这种情况用了会改善

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赣县15578729095： 厌食的原因？
殳薛朱砂：厌食是一种自己有意造成和维持的,以节食造成食欲减退,体重减轻,甚至厌食为特征的进食障碍,常引起营养不良,代谢和内分泌障碍及躯体功能紊乱.神经厌食症最基本的症状是厌食,食欲极度缺乏,身体消瘦.这种症状的产生主要与心理因素有关,并不是消化系统器质性疾病引起的.此病的发病年龄为10—30岁,多数为15~23岁.女性患者高于男性约为10—20倍.神经性厌食症的发病率因为社会风气和生活方式变化而出现大幅增减.急性精神创伤或心情持续抑郁,都可能在一定条件下导致此病.

赣县15578729095： 厌食症的表现？
殳薛朱砂： 神经厌食症的表现: 首先是恐惧肥胖.患者害怕肥胖,对肥胖极度敏感甚至恐惧,对苗条体形的女性十分羡慕,进而为寻求减肥而朝思暮想.例如,有的女孩子嫌腿太“粗”而盲目节食. 其次是有意控制饮食.患者对食物并未全部丧失兴趣,...

赣县15578729095： 厌食症的主要表现？
殳薛朱砂： 心情不好. 就会厌食,例如过度伤心.

赣县15578729095： 厌食怎么办?？
殳薛朱砂： 吃些健胃消食片,是消化不好!

赣县15578729095： 关于厌食症该怎么办 -- ？
殳薛朱砂： 您好;孩子出现厌食首先要考虑是否缺乏锌元素,因为缺锌能导致味觉减退,食欲降低,形成厌食,偏食..治疗上以运脾和胃,健脾益气,益胃养阴为原则,可选用醒脾养胃颗粒,沙棘颗粒,健脾消积口服液等中成药治疗.中药的副作用较小,是调养孩子脾胃的理想选择.

赣县15578729095： 关于厌食症怎么能治疗 -- ？
殳薛朱砂： 您好,厌食多数是胃部问题,可以吃中药,调脾合剂,人参白术散,大山楂丸之类的试试