人教版初二英语上册语法知识

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人教版八年级上册英语语法知识梳理~

1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
   When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
   Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
   Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:
  How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?
  should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:
  We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
   You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
   You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:
   We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
   She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:
   What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
    该句相当于:
    What does your father do?
    What is your father's job?
    Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:
    ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
    ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:
    What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色?
    Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
    你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围)
  3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
    Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国?
4) 频度副词的位置
  1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:   
always(总是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,经常)
sometimes(有时候)
never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置:
   a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:
    David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
   b.放在行为动词前。如:
    We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
   c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:
    Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
     有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:
   Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如:
  We go to school at 7:10 every day.
    我们每天7:10去上学。
    I decide to read English every day.
    我决定每天读英语。
  2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。
    She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
    她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
    What's your everyday activity?  你的日常活动是什么?
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
  He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
   (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
   a. 表示时态,例如:
    He is singing. 他在唱歌。
     He has got married. 他已结婚。
   b. 表示语态,例如:
    He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
   c. 构成疑问句,例如:
    Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
     Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
   I don't like him.  我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
   Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
   He did know that.  他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)
 The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
   办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
   He forgot turning the light off.
   他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
   Don't forget to come tomorrow.
   别忘了明天来。    (to come动作未做)
  典型例题
   ---- The light in the office is still on.
   ---- Oh,I forgot___.          
     A. turning it off  B. turn it off 
   C. to turn it off  D. having turned it off
  答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做);
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
   Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如:
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
  It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如:
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
   It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法:
用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
   You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。
   He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
  句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
  提问:1. Who has three pens?
     2. Which boy has three pens?
     3. What does the boy in blue have?
     4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
  很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:
  句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
  提问:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
     2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
     3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
     4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
     5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
     6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:
   He is so funny a boy.
    Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:
   It is such a nice day.
   That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况
  1.在进行时态中。如:
   He is watching TV in the room.
   They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
  2.在there be结构中。如:
   There is a boy swimming in the river.
  3.在have fun/problems结构中。如:
   We have fun learning English this term.
   They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
  4.在介词后面。如:
   Thanks for helping me.
   Are you good at playing basketball?
  5.在以下结构中:
enjoy doing sth  乐于做某事
finish doing sth  完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
go on doing sth 继续做某事
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/听到/观看某人做某事
try doing sth 试图做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 错过做某事
practice doing sth 练习做某事
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英语中的“单数”
  1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如:
   he,she, it,my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
  2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如:
   man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
  3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
   go---goes---going---went---gone
   work---works---working---worked---worked
   watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如:
   The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
   Our English teacher is from the US.
   Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.

上百度知道搜,很多的

初二英语上册语法知识主要有:1、形容词和副词的比较等级(原级,比较级和最高级)
比较级是用于两者间的比较,即比较级+than 结构。最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较,形容词最高级前一定要加the ,后面可以带of 或in 短语来说明比较范围。如 He is the tallest in our class,
2. 要掌握as --as --和not as(so ) --as--句式。表示两者当中在某一方面相同时用as --as --,如I think science is as important as math.表示甲在某一方面不如乙时要用not as (so) --as--如He did not come as\so early as Wang Lin.
3动词的种类:分行为动词、连系动词、助动词、和情态动词四种。
4、动词的时态。
(1)现在进行时可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作,有意图或打算等含义。如
What are you doing for vacation? I'm visiting my friends in Hong Kong.
(2) "be going to +动词原形”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。如
We are going to the Great Wall on Sunday morning.
5, 简单句的五种基本类型
S +V We often exercise.S + V +O He likes swimming.S +V+ P They are my friends.
S +V +INO+ DO .She gave me a gift. S+V+O+OC He made the boy laugh.等
6宾语从句:(1)由that 引导(that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略)如
I don't think (that ) she can speak French.
(2) 由连接代词或连接副词引导,如
I want to know where she lives.
(3) 由whether 或if 来引导(口语中常用if )
She asked me if she could borrow these books.

1. look pretty 看上去漂亮的
1. taste salty 尝起来咸的
2. feel tight 感觉有些紧
3. smell sour 闻上去酸的
4. sound noisy 听上去吵闹的
5. so much food 这么多食物
6. get the food ready把食物准备好
7. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事
8. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
9. shake hands 握手
10. last message 上个信息
11. be proud of sb. 为某人自豪
12. have a party 开聚会
13. the first time 第一次
14. family member 家庭成员
15. say hello to sb.与某人问好
16. have a try 试一试
17. introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给
18. get angry with sb. 对某人生气
19. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事.
20. be excited about doing sth.做某事感到兴奋
21. do something wrong 做错事
22. ride a bicycle 骑自行车
23. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
24. make cookies 做小甜饼
25. What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了?
26. What’ she like? 她为人怎样?
27. What does she look like? 她长的怎样?

feel (感觉,摸起来)
sound(听起来)
look(看上去)
28.主语+感官动词(连系动词) seem (好象) +adj.
smell(闻起来)
taste (吃起来)
keep (保持)
become / get/ turn (变得)

Module 8
1. around town 环城之行
2. go along 沿着---走
3. turn left/ right into---向左/右转
4. on the corner of (在街道)拐角处
5. between---and---在----和----之间
6. on the left of---在---的左边
7. opposite the market 在市场的对面
8. by boat 乘船
9. take boat 乘船
10. on a clear day 在晴朗的日子里
11. the way to -------的路
12. the best way 最好的方法
13. get off 下(车, 船)
14. go past 走过
15. go for a walk 散步
16. buy things you need 买你需要的东西
17. go swimming 去游泳
18. get something to eat 买些吃的东西
19. be full of 装满了---
20. most of 大多数
21. at the ticket office 在售票处
22. follow it on the map
23. Where is the park?
How can I get to the park?
Can you tell me the way to the park?
Is there a park near here?
Do you know the way to the park?

Module 9
1.濒危动物: animals in danger
2.需要做某事: need to do
3.没有喝水: without drinking
4.了解: learn about…
5.令人惊奇的事情:: the surprising thing
6.很吃惊地干某事: be surprised to do sth
7.干某事很悲伤: It’s sad to do sth
8.为了…而杀死: kill…for…
9.停止捕杀很难: It’s hard to stop killing
10.没有地方住: no places to live in
11.没有足够吃的食物no enough food to eat
12.这水不好喝: The water isn’t good to drink
13.带走它: take it away
14.住在森林里: live in the forests
15.决定不做某事: decide not to do
16:变得很严峻: become very serious
17.以…为生: live on…
18.照顾: look after (them, her…)
19.有足够住的地方:enough places to live in
20.越来越少的土地居住 less and less land to live on
21.制定计划: make a plan
22.生长得更好:grow better
23.最著名的科学家: the best-known scientist
24.以 而闻名: be famous for…
25.的标志(象征) the symbol of…
26.想起 think of…
27.考虑: think about (it)
28.例如: for example / such as…
29.几乎没有熊猫 very few pandas.
30.也,同样 as well as…
31.你真是太好了干某事 It’s really nice of you to do sth…
32.向某人展示某物show sb about sth..
33.干某事的一个计划: a plan to do sth…
34.设计海报 design a poster
35.保持…干净: keep sth clean
36.保持地球的干净: keep the Earth clean
37.砍伐森林: cut down the forests
38.污染河流: pollute the rivers
39.为某人而工作: work for sb
40.在野外: in the wild
41.究竟 : on earth
42.听到那个消息很难过:I’m sorry to hear that.
43.使得某人发狂: make sb mad
44: 把它变脏: make it dirty
45. 查找它: find it out
46.和平地生存:live in peace.
47.自然保护区: nature reserve
48.最后: at last
49.干某事是有趣的: It’s interesting to do
50.需要保护: need to protect…
51.变得稀少: become rare
52.最濒危的动物之一one of the animals most in danger
53.出生: be born
54.由于许多不同的原因:for many different reasons

Module 10
1. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
2. watch a performance of 看----的演出
3. the center of the neighbourhood 居住地的中心
4. say goodbye to sb. 向某人说再见
5. the Qing Dynasty 清朝
6. the Anti-Japanese War 抗日战争
7. send sb. to some place 送/派某人去某地
8. the Teacher’s School 师范学校
9. from – to – 从----到----
10. be named 被命名为
11. people’s artist 人民的艺术家
12. great Master of Language 语言大师
13. folk music 民歌
14. magic shows 魔术表演
15. at the teahouse 在茶馆
16. enjoy sth. 从某事得到乐趣
17. the twentieth century 二十世纪
18. give a wonderful welcome 热烈欢迎
19. take place 发生
20. make them study hard 使他们努力学习
21. fall in love with sb. 与某人相爱
22. marry sb. 娶了/嫁给某人
23. the best part of the film 电影最好的部分
24. the name of ----的名字
25. more than one meaning 不止一个意思
26. the same dream 相同的梦想
27. Beijing Children’s Art Theatre 北京儿童艺术剧院
28. a gold medal 金牌
29. somebody else 别的人
30. a well-known poet 著名的诗人
31. a writer for TV, opera and drama 一位集电视剧,歌剧及戏剧创作于一身的作家
32. finish doing sth 结束做某事
33. be good for 对---有利
34. understand their children better 更好的了解孩子
35. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
36. make a decision 做出决定

Module 11
1. The Spring Festival 春节
2. at the moment 现在
3. depend on 根据---而定/ 依靠
4. find out 找出,查明
5. choose carefully 仔细挑选
6. the places to see 要看的地方
7. in winter 在冬天
8. change colour 改变颜色
9. in the northwest 在西北
10. remember to do sth 记得干某事
11. freezing cold 非常冷
12. from time to time 时常
13. take an umbrella 带把雨伞
14. for a long time 长时间
15. on holiday 度假
16. best of all 最好的是
17. start to do sth. 开始做某事
回答者:tratratra - 举人 五级 1-7 15:26

太多了,发不完。。你有邮箱没有。。我可以用附件发送到你的邮箱

Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【应掌握的词组】
1. go to the movies 去看电影

2. look after = take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skate boarding 去划板

6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼

8. eating habits 饮食习惯

9. take more exercise 做更多的运动

10. the same as 与什么相同

11. be different from 不同

12. once a month一月一次

13. twice a week一周两次

14. make a difference to 对什么有影响

15. how often 多久一次

16. although = though虽然

17. most of the students=most students

18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物

19. as for至于

20. activity survey活动调查

21. do homework做家庭作业

22. do house work做家务事

23. eat less meat吃更少的肉

24. junk food垃圾食物

25. be good for 对什么有益

26. be bad for对什么有害

27. want to do sth 想做某事

28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事

29. try to do sth 尽量做某事

30. come home from school放学回家

31. of course = certainly = sure当然

32. get good grades取得好成绩

33. some advice

34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不

35. keep/be in good health保持健康

36.be stressed紧张的,有压力的

37. take a vacation 去度假

48.get back 回来

Unit 2 What’s the matter?
【应掌握的词组】
1. Have a cold 感冒

2. sore back 背痛

3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱,齐头并进

4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛

= I have got a stomachache

= There is something wrong with my stomach

= My stomach hurts

= I have (got) a pain in my stomach

5. What’s the matter? 怎么了?

= What’s the trouble (with you)?

= What’s your trouble?

= What’s wrong (with you)?

= What’ the matter (with you)?

=What has happened to you?

= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up?

6. sore throat 咽喉痛

7. lie down and rest 躺下休息

8. see a dentist 看牙医

9. drink lots of water 多喝水

10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶

11.That’s a good idea 好主意

12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了

13.I think so 我认为如此

14. I’m not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服

= I’m not feeling fine/all right.

= I’m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.

= I don’t feel well.

15. get some rest 多休息

16. I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道

17. stressed out 筋疲力尽

18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了

19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式

20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医

21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和

22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛

23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡

24. healthy food 健康食品

25. stay healthy 保持健康

=keep healthy=keep in good health

= keep fit

26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself

反身代词) 玩得高兴,过得愉快

=have a good time = have a wonderful time

= have fun

27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,

enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth

practice doing sth.练习做某事,

mind doing sth. 介意做某事,

finish doing sth.完成某事,

give up doing sth.放弃做某事,

can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,

keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. )

be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事

be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

make a contribution to doing sth.为..做贡献

go on doing sth. 继续做某事

forget doing sth.忘记做某事

remember doing sth. 记得做某事

spend....(in) doing sth. 花(时间)来做某事

prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做...)来更愿意(做...)

28. at the moment = now 此刻

29. Host family 东道家庭

30. Conversation practice会话练习

31. I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过
对不起,找到的语法就蕴涵在这些词组里


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