定语从句和名词性从句的区别,怎么做单选的语法
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
[编辑本段]一、引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连词:that(无任何词意)
whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)
as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, whichever,whomever
连接副词:when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often
不可省略的连词:
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比较:
whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下,只可用whether:
1. whether引导主语从句并在句首
2. 引导表语从句
3. whether从句作介词宾语
4. 从句后有"or not"
Whether he will come is not clear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
[编辑本段]二. 主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:
(1) It + be + 名词 + that从句
(2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句
(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句
(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有:
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
[编辑本段]三、宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如:
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。
注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。例如:
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如:
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时;b. 引导表语从句时;c . 引导从句作介词宾语时;d. 从句后有“or not”时;e. 后接动词不定式时。例如:
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意见的测试?
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留?
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用
不同时态。例如:
he studies English every day. (从句用一般现在时)
he studied English last term. (从句用一般过去时)
I know (that) he will study English next year. (从句用一般将来时)
he has studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时)
当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。例如:
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如:
We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
[编辑本段]四、表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如:
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。
This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如:
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .
【注意】whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
[编辑本段]五、同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:
The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略; that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)
Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)
[编辑本段]六、名词性that-从句
1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:
主语:That she is still alive is her luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2)That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如:
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 众所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
[编辑本段]七、名词性wh-从句
1)由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外,还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等,例如:
主语: How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语:The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位语: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语: That depends on where we shall go.
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2)Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
还没决定谁做这项工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明。
[编辑本段]八、if, whether引导的名词从句
1)yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和wh-从句的功能相同, 例如:
主语:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2)选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
if和whether的区别:
1、 在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 、在介词后,只能用whether。如:
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether 。如:
Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. 这是否真的,我真的不知道。
(例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。--此例为主语从句,有误,感谢指出)
5、用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义.
[编辑本段]九、否定转移
1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。
注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3) 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
I don't remember having ever seen such a man.
我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语 having…)
It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.
在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主语,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何,就轻信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着了迷。
[编辑本段]十、高考热点透视
1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时,为避免句子头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无实义。此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
2.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.(NMET2001)
A.how B.after C.what D.when
答案C。从句子结构可知,句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词,做主句谓语动词do的宾语,同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语,因此,此处的连接词应该用what。
3. He asked ____ for a violin.(MET1992)
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
答案:D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,句子语序要用陈述语序。
4. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海2001年春季招生)
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt一词可知,所怀疑的应是是否能治好病,所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。”
5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants. (NMET1997)
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
答案B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句,而从句中wants缺少宾语,A. however 和D. whenever是不能作宾语的;排除A和D,whichever表示“无论哪一个,无论哪些”,应表示一定范围内的人或物,此处没有涉及事物的范围,所以应选 B.whatever,表示“无论什么”。
6. ______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988)
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
答案C。本题句子的意思是:无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词whoever引导的名词性从句,连接代词whoever可以引导名词性从句,并在从句中作主语,相当于any person who或The person who, 意为“一切……的人”。而anyone和the person均非连词,不能引导从句,况who leaves the room last意为“某个最后离开房间的人”,与题意不符,如果要选A. Anyone或B. The person,都必须在它们后面再加上引导定语从句的关系代词who。如果要选D. Who就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。
7. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests. (Shanghai1995)
A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
答案为C。本题句子的意思是:Sarah希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句;后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D,从句中需要的是主语,所以whomever也不行。
8. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that ______ you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999)
A. why B. what C. when D. where
答案A。根据语境,甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因,故答案是A。答案B,C, D均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境,下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗?”
9. I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village. ( NMET1993)
A. when B. how C. where D. what
答案A。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语,排除D.what,而答案C, D均与题意不符,所以应选A.when。used to be表示一种过去存在的状态,本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”
10.I read about it in some book or other,does it matter ____ it was?(2001春季招生)
A.where B.what C.how D.which
答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析,应是哪本书,所以要填which,这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容,是哪一本书重要吗?”。
11. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C when D. as (2001年上海)
答案B。该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导,接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名词后,用来解释或说明名词的内容。
12. —I think it is going to be a big problem.
—Yes, it could be.
—I wonder ______ we can do about it. (北京 2002春季)
A、if B、how C、what D、that
答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句,而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词,可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分,我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that,再排除引导方式状语的how,答案是C,句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。
放不下了,去这个网址看
http://baike.baidu.com/view/56536.htm?fr=ala0_1_1
两句话就可以解决所有问题,概念清晰后才可以做进一部的细分.
1、名词从句:句子中某一部了少了一个名词性的成份,用了一个句子来代替它,这就是名词从句
2、定语从句:从句做了定语修饰先行词,名词或代词.因为英语中没有这样的单词有这样的意思
简单两个例子:
一、名词从句:不管你怎么做都不可能成功.whoever came here is welcome.
(无论谁到位这里都)很受欢迎.因为没有这样的词有这样的意思,那这个句子whoever came here就相当一个名词做了句子的主语.类推,代替宾语的,就是宾从,代替主语的就是主从,代替表语的就是表语,代替同位的就是同位语从句.
二、定语从句:名子做定语来修饰先行词的.A girl who has long hair.
(一个留长发的)女孩,看明白了吗,定从是要用句子来当一个词来修饰别的名词或代词的,因为英语中没有样意思的词(一个留长发的).
最关键的一点:名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,这些从句分别在整个句子中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。而定语从句在整个句子中作定语,起修饰作用。
具体用法如下:
名词从句
名词从句有四类:宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如:
宾语从句:I don’t know where he will go.
主语从句:Where he will go is unknown.
表语从句:The problem is how we can get so much money.
同位语从句:We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.
下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的:
1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意,(即引导宾语从句时if和whether
可以互换)但以下几种名词从句要用whether(不用if)引导:
(1) 引导主语从句,且在句首时。例:Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但 It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).
(2) 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.
(3) 引导同位语从句时。例:I have no idea whether he will come.
(4) 介词后的whether从句。例:I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
2. 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。
例如:That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.
3. 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…+
that从句”结构中,that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。
例如:It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us.
It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one′s life.
It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings(缺点).
4. 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.
例如:The reason why he didn′t go to school yesterday is that he was ill.
5. 名词从句中that,what用法比较:
引导名词从句的that是连词,在句中无成份,无意义,而what是连接代词,what=the thing(s) that.
例如:It was told in yesterday′s newspaper that what the students had done was praised by the factory.
I know that he will study.
I know what he will study.
That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.
What he works hard at is known to us all.
All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(=the person that)he
used to be.他和以前大不相同了。
6. where在名词从句中的使用特点:
where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词+the place where” 形式。例如:
主从:Where(=The place where)she has gone is still unknown.
宾从:Would you please tell me where(=the place where) Mr Smith lives?
表从:Your dictionary remains where(=in/at the place where)you put.
同位从:Have you any idea where(=of the place where) she is spending her holidays?
7. 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如:
I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.
当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序(即“主+谓+(宾)”或“主+系+表”结构),将其变为间接引语(即宾语从句)时,无需改变语序。例如:
What′s the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.
Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather. ===========================================================================
定语从句
一、 定语从句与引导词
定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词,
而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类。
懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。
1. 关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语,whose 作定语。代人的有:who,whom,whose,that;代物的有:that,which,whose.例如:
The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人,在定语从句中作主语)
That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略)
I′m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人,在定从中作表语)
A dictionary is a useful book which(=that) tells us the meaning of words(which或that代物,在定从中作主语)
2. 关系副词有:when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因),在定语从句中作状语。
例如:Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)
The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
注意:不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从,不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如:We′ll visit the factory which(=that) makes radios.
(which或that在定从中作主语,where不可用主语,故不可用)
They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.
(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语,when不可作宾语,故不可用)
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开,修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代
词;非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开,可以修饰主句中的某一个词,也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导,引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例:Li Ping′s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容,因前后两句是因果关系,此时which不可换为as。)
He is good at physics, as is known to us all.=As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容,在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)
三、 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1. 只用that引导的场合
1) 当先行词既包括人又包括物时:He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.
2) 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时:These are the very points that interest me./That′s the only watch that I like most.
3) 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时:The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.
4) 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时:There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?
5) 先行词是who时:Who that have seen him does not like him?
2. 不用that的场合如下:
1)非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long
March .
2)介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news
3)句中出现了that,或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
四、“介词+关系代词”用法
1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配,例如:Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)
2. 介词常受先行词的制约(即介词和先行词的搭配),例如:He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)
3. 当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时,此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如:This is the watch which you′re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.
五、几个名词后的引导词
1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句:Can you imagine a situation where/in
which you can use the word?
2. way(方式,方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句,也可省略:Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
3. “the same+名词”,“such+名词”,“as+名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。
例如:I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.
名词性从句和定语从句的区别
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句作为主谓结构中的主语,宾语从句作为动宾结构中的宾语,表语从句作为系表结构中的表语,同位语从句用来解释说明前面的名词或代词。一、名词性从句的定义与特点 名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的成分,可以起主语、宾语、表语或同位语等作用。它...
怎么区分状语从句与名词性从句!
引导,除同位语从句外的名词性从句如果直接去掉则句子不完整,读起来也不通顺。状语从句一般分为九种:原因,结果,比较,方式,让步,地点,时间,条件,目的。但连接词非常没有规矩,且一般不用上述的名词性从句的引导词。在句子中将状语从句直接去掉,句子仍然完整(主,谓,宾(表))谢谢 ...
定语从句,状语从句,名词性从句,有什么区别和联系
trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导 ...
什么是名词性从句
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 His job is ...
名词性从句有哪些
1、主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。2、表语从句用法和结构同宾语从句,区别在于:系动词后面所接的从句为表语从句,而及物动词后面所接的从句为宾语从句。3、同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。4、宾语从句就是...
名词性从句和定语从句的区别以及各自详细的解说?
在英语语法中,从句按其作用可分为三大类:名词性从句、定语从句和副词性从句。名词性从句在句子中相当于名词,可以充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语;定语从句相当于形容词,用作定语;副词性从句相当于副词,在句中作状语。名词性从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句充当主语,例如...
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 名词性从句的关系是什么
2、副词性从句,即状语从句,包括以下几个子项——时间状语从句 地点状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 比较状语从句 伴随状语从句 2、名词性从句,包括四个子项目——宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 由此可知,名词性从句属于总项,而主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句都...
英语名词性从句和定语从句的区别
定语从句:一个句子跟在一名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲,从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫做定语从句。2、范围不同 名词性从句是一个泛称,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。定语从句则是一种确定的从句名称。3、先行词作用不同 That引导定语从句中...
...宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句叫名词性从句而定语从句不叫名词性...
名词性从句顾名思义,特性是名词性质,可以充当名词能在句子中充当的成分,名词可以作表语,同位语,宾语和主语。而定语从句只能作定语。
名词性从句知识点总结 相关考点归纳
名词性从句知识点总结引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词:1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词...
赞蚁氢化: 名词性从句就是句子有了名词的性质,可以当名词用;定语从句就句子可以当形容词用,当定语.引导名词性从句的有that whether 和 疑问词,其中that whether 不做主要成分.定语从句的引导词有 关系代词that which who whom whose 关系副词有 when how why where 等 还有一些复合的 what 等 .需要注意的是,定语从句的关系代词一定要是所引导句子里的主语 表语 宾语 ,而关系副词只当从句里的状语.
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 定语从句和名词性从句怎样区分 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 名词性从句包含:主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句.从句中的that只起引导作用,没有意义,也不做任何成分.宾语从句中常省略.whether、if引导名词性从句起引导作用,还有意义“是否”的意思,但不充当成分;不能引导定语从句....
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 怎么区分名词性从句和定语从句 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 名词性从句包括:主语从句,宾语从句,还有同谓语从句主要看从句在句子中充当什么成分,如果从句在主语(或宾语)的位置上那么就是名词性的如果修饰先行词的,就是定语从句
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 如何区别名词性从句和定语从句? - ?
赞蚁氢化:[答案] 名词性从句包含:主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句.从句中的that只起引导作用,没有意义,也不做任何成分.宾语从句中常省略.whether、if引导名词性从句起引导作用,还有意义“是否”的意思,但不充当成分;不能引导定语从句.疑问...
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 名词性从句与定语从句的区别 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 最大的区别就是,名词性从句本身就是名词性的,而定语从句是修饰性的,定语从句如果从句中去掉的话,剩下的部分依然是一个结构完整的句子.
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 定语从句与名词性从句的区别? - ?
赞蚁氢化: 核心是扮演的句子成分不同 定语从句是用来作定语,修饰名词的,所以它有先行词,而句首的联系词就是指代先行词用的.名词性从句在句子中充当名词的作用,比如做主语的主语从句,做宾语的宾语从句,做同位语的同位语从句,他们没有修饰性,前面也没有先行词.祝你学习顺利,请采纳
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 英语语法 名词性从句和定语从句的区别 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 原发布者:幽暗杰少定语从句与名词性从句的区别定义区分•1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句.定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后.•2.定语从句:名词性从句就是在句中可以充当名词的成分的部分是一个句子....
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 浅析如何区分定语从句和名词性从句 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 定语从句和名词性从句从来都是高中英语学习中的重点和难点,很多学生也在这两个从句上束手无策.特别是在湖北省高考改革之后,完成句子的出现更加突显了掌握好这两大从句的重要性.在我看来,要想把握好从句,一定要从句子结构分析...
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 定语从句与名词性从句的区别 - ?
赞蚁氢化:[答案] 首先你要分清句子的基本成分:主谓宾状语是修饰谓语的,定语修饰主语或宾语当一个词修饰不了主、宾的时候,我们就用一个句子来修饰它们呢,这个就是定语从句.也就是整个句子都作定语.而名词性从句,是整个句子充当了主语...
肃北蒙古族自治县15193713276: 英语名词性从句和定语从句的区别 - ?
赞蚁氢化: 两句话就可以解决所有问题,概念清晰后才可以做进一部的细分.1、名词从句:句子中某一部了少了一个名词性的成份,用了一个句子来代替它,这就是名词从句2、定语从句:从句做了定语修饰先行词,名词或代词.因为英语中没有这样的单...