林肯简介 英文名
1809.2.12, birthday
1818 (9 years), the mother died.
1831 (22 years), a business failure.
1832 (23 years old), his state parliament seat.
In the same year (23 years old), lost.
To attend law school, but not school qualifications.
1833 (24 years), to borrow money for business friends.
In the end (24 years), again went bankrupt.
Next, he spent 16 years before the debt repaid.
1834 (25 years), again for the state, this won.
1835 (26 years), after the marriage betrothal, fiancee died. 1836 (27 years), the spirit of total collapse, confined for six months.
1838 (29 years), the state's bid to become the spokesman -- without success.
1840 (31 years old) and strive to be electors -- lost.
1843 (34 years), to participate in parliamentary elections -- also unsuccessful.
1846 (37 years), to participate in the Congress election again -- this time elected. Go to Washington, D.C., performance merits. 1848 (39 years), congressmen seek re-election, but failed. 1849 (40 years old), would like to state in their own land as the Secretary of the work was rejected.
1854 (45 years), running for U.S. Senator, was.
1856 (47 years), within the Republican nomination for Vice President -- less than 100 votes.
1860 (51 years old), was elected President of the United States. Become the greatest president in U.S. history one.
Born on the Lincoln name, will their lives in the face of defeat. He had desperate things, but did not give up this life high jump competition.
林肯一生简介
[ 2007-4-22 17:40:00 | By: xing_zmc ]
1809.2.12, birthday
1818(9 years old), the mother die.
1831(22 years old), go into business the failure.
1832(23 years old), the election state the councilman fail to be elected.
At the same year(23 years old), the work threw.Want to study in the law school, but did not get the admission.
1833(24 years old), borrow money to go into business toward the friend.
At the end of at the same year, again bankrupt.Connect down, he spends 16 years to just repay fully the obligation.
1834(25 years old), again campaign the state councilman, won this time.
1835(26 years old), will soon get married after betroth, the fiancee died.
1836(27 years old), the complete breakup of spirit, lies sick in bed six months.
1838(29 years old), fight for become the state councilman of spokesman- have no successfully.
1840(31 years old), fight for becoming the voter- fail to be elected.
1843(34 years old), attend the national legislature election- failed to be elected again.
1846(37 years old), attend the national legislature election again- won an election this time.Go to Washington's special area, express can the turn can order.
1848(39 years old), look for the parlia****rian to serve another term, failure.
1849(40 years old), think the work that serves as the land bureau chief in oneself's state, encounter the brush-off.
1854(45 years old), campaign the American senator, fail to be elected.
1856(47 years old), fight for the nomination of the vice-president in Republican party- get 100 of the ticket shortage.
1860(51 years old), win an election the American president.Become one of the greatest presidents in American history.
1831年6月的一天，美国南方城市新奥尔良的奴隶拍卖市场上，一排排黑人奴隶戴
着脚镣手烤站在那里，他们都被一根根粗壮的绳子串在一起。奴隶主们一个跟着一个走了过
来。象买骡子买马一样仔细打量他们，有时还走上前摸摸他们的胳膊，拍拍他们的大腿，看
他们是不是长得结实，肌肉发达，将来干活有没有力气。奴隶主们用皮鞭毒打黑奴，还用烧
红的铁条烙他们。这时，几位北方来的水手走了过来，他们都被眼前的悲惨景象惊呆了，其
中一个年轻人愤怒地说：“太可耻了！等一天我有了机会，一定要把这奴隶制度彻底打垮。”
说话的这人名叫亚伯拉罕·林肯，后来他当上了美国总统，真的实现了这个伟大的抱负。
1809年2月12日，林肯出生在一个农民家庭。小时候，家里很穷，他没机会上
学，每天跟着父亲在西部荒原上开垦劳动。他自己说：“我一生中进学校的时间，加在一起
总共不到一年。”但林肯勤奋好学，一有机会就向别人请教，没钱买纸笔，他就在土沙地上
和木板上写写划划，练习写字，他放牛、砍柴、挖地时怀里也总揣着一本书，休息的时候，
一边啃着粗硬冰凉的玉米饼子，一边津津有味看书。晚上，他在小油灯下常读书读到深夜。
长大后，林肯离开家乡独自一人外出谋生，他什么活都干，打过短工，当过水手、店
员、乡村邮递员，土地测量员，还干过伐木，劈木头的大力气活。不管干什么，他都非常认
真负责，诚恳待人。他当乡村店员时，有一次，一个顾客多付了几分钱，他为了退还这几分
钱竟追赶十几里路。还有一次，他发现少给了顾客二两茶叶，跑了几里路把茶叶送到那人家
中。所以，他到一处，都受到周围人的喜爱。
林肯无论干什么都始终没忘记学习，他抓紧一切空闲时间刻苦自学，攻读历史、文学、
哲学、法学等著作，获得了丰富的知识。这时期，他对政治产生了很大的兴趣并积极从事政
治活动。1834年，25岁的林肯当选为伊利诺斯州议员，开始了他的政治生涯。183
6年，他又通过考试当上了律师。林肯青年时期就痛恨奴隶制度，因为他当水手时，多次运
货到南方，亲眼目睹了奴隶主的野蛮残暴和黑奴遭到的残酷折磨。他当了议员之后，经常发
表演讲，抨击蓄奴制，在群众中很有影响。1854年美国的共和党成立，因为这个党主张
废除奴隶制，林肯就参加了，两年后他在第一次全国代表大会上被提名为副总统候选人。他
在竞选演说中说：“我们为争取自由和废除奴隶制度而斗争，直到我国的宪法保证议论自
由，直到整个辽阔的国土在阳光和雨露下劳动的只是自由的工人。”
1858年，林肯在参加伊利诺斯州参议员竞选时，发表了一篇题为《裂开了的房子》
的演说，他把南北两种制度并存的局面比喻为“一幢裂开了的房子。”他说：“一幢裂开了
的房子是站不住的，我相信这个政府不能永远保持半奴隶、半自由的状态。”林肯的演说语
言生动、深入浅出，表达了北方资产阶级的要求，也反映了全国人民群众的愿望，因而为他
赢得了很大的声誉。
1860年，林肯当选为美国总统。
林肯的当选，对南方种植园主的利益构成严重威胁，他们当然不愿意一个主张废除奴隶
制的人当总统。为了重新夺回他们长期控制的国家领导权，他们在林肯就职之前就发动了叛
乱。1860年12月，南方的南卡罗来纳州首先宣布脱离联邦而独立，接着密西西比、佛
罗里达等蓄奴州也相继脱离联邦。1861年2月，他们宣布成立一个“美利坚邦联”，推
举大种植园主杰弗逊·戴维斯为总统，还制定了“宪法”，宣布黑人奴隶制是南方联盟的立
国基础：“黑人不能和白人平等，黑人奴隶劳动是自然的、正常的状态。”
1861年4月12日，南方联盟不宣而战，迅速攻占了联邦政府军驻守的萨姆特要
塞。林肯不得不宣布对南方作战。林肯本人并不主张用过激的方式废除奴隶制，他认为可以
用和平的方式，先限制奴隶制，然后逐步加以废除，而关键是维护联邦的统一。在这种思想
的支配下，北方政府根本没有进行战争的准备，只是仓促应战，而南方则是蓄谋已久，有优
良的装备和训练有素的军队，所以，尽管北方在多方面都占有优势，还是被南方打得节节败
退，连首都华盛顿也险些被叛军攻破。
北方在战场上的失利引起了广大人民的强烈不满，许多城市爆发了示威游行，要求政府
采取措施扭转战局。这时林肯才意识到，要想打赢这场战争，就必须调动农民的积极性，废
除农奴制、解放黑奴。
1862年5月，林肯签署了《宝地法》，规定每个美国公民只交纳10美元登记费，
便能在西部得160英亩土地，连续耕种5年之后就成为这块土地的合法主人。这一措施从
根本上消除了南方奴隶主夺取西部土地的可能性，同时也满足了广大农民的迫切要求，大大
激发了农民奋勇参战的积极性。1862年9月，林肯又亲自起草了《解放黑奴宣言》草
案。1863年1月1日正式颁布了《解放黑奴宣言》，宣布即日起废除叛乱各州的奴隶
制，解放的黑奴可以应召参加联邦军队。宣布黑奴获得自由，从根本上瓦解了叛军的战斗
力，也使北军得到雄厚的兵源。内战期间，直接参战的黑人达到18．6万人，他们作战非
常勇敢，平均每三个黑人中就有一人为解放事业献出了生命。
这两个法令的颁布是南北战争的转折点，战场上的形势变得对北方越来越有利了。
1863年7月1日到3日，双方在华盛顿以北的葛提斯堡展开了内战以来规模最大的
一次战斗。双方激战了三天三夜，北军重创南军，使南军损失了3．6万人，从此北军开始
进入反攻，而南军只有防守了。
这年的7月4日，北军又在维克斯堡大获全胜。维克斯堡位于密西西比河上，是一个高
出水面200英尺的悬崖，据守悬崖的叛军居高临下，可以用炮火直接威胁河上来往的船
只。如果从下面攻打这个要塞非常困难。早在1862年末，格兰特就率军在海军的协助下
几次攻打这个要塞，但都没成功。1863年4月，格兰特实行了新的进攻计划，先摧毁了
要塞周围的各个据点，然后包围了维克斯堡。海军也来助战，从陆地和水上同时进攻，猛烈
炮击要塞，震耳欲聋的炮声一直响了47天之久。7月4日，困守要塞的叛军弹尽粮绝，被
迫投降，北军这一次俘虏叛军2．9万人。
紧接着，北方军队以秋风扫落叶之势，迅猛追击叛军，1863年4月3日攻占了叛军
首都里士满。4月9日，叛军总司令罗伯特·李率残部2．8万人在阿波马托克斯小村向格
兰特投降。历时四年的南北战争以北方的胜利而告终。
南北战争被称为继独立战争之后的美国第二次革命。林肯成为黑人解放的象征。但奴隶
主却对他万分仇恨。1865年4月14日晚上，林肯在华盛顿的福特剧院里看戏时，被南
方奴隶主收买的一个暴徒刺杀。林肯的不幸逝世引起了国内外的巨大震动，美国人民深切哀
悼他，有700多万人停立在道路两旁向出殡的行列致哀，有150万人瞻仰了林肯的遗
容。林肯是一位杰出的政治家，为推动美国社会向前发展做出了巨大贡献，受到美国人民的
崇敬，在美国人的心目中，他的威望甚至超过了华盛顿。
亚伯拉罕·林肯（Abraham Lincoln，1809年2月12日—1865年4月15日），美国政治家，第16任总统（1861－1865），美国南北战争时期的北方领袖。
1809年2月12日，阿伯拉罕·林肯出生在肯塔基州哈丁县一个伐木工人的家庭，迫于生计，他先后干过店员、村邮务员、测量员和劈栅栏木条等多种工作。1834年，他当选为伊利诺斯州议员，才开始了他的政治生涯。
当时，美国奴隶制猖獗，1854年南部奴隶主竟派遣一批暴徒拥入堪萨斯州、用武力强制推行奴隶制度，引起了堪萨斯内战。这一事件激起了林肯的斗争热情，他明确地宣布了他要“为争取自由和废除奴隶制而斗争”的政治主张。1860年他当选为总统。南方奴隶主对林肯的政治主张是清楚的，他们当然不愿坐以待毙。1861年，南部7个州的代表脱离联邦，宣布独立，自组“南部联盟”，并于4月12日开始向联邦军队发起攻击，内战爆发初期，联邦军队一再失利。1862年9月22日，林肯宣布了亲自起草的具有伟大历史意义的文献——《解放黑奴宣言》草案（即后来的《解放宣言》），从此战争形势才开始发生了明显的变化，北部军队很快地由防御转入了进攻，1865年终于获得了彻底的胜利。
此时，林肯在美国人民中的声望已愈来愈高了，1864年，林肯再度当选为总统。但不幸的是，1865年4月14日晚，他在华盛顿福特剧院观剧时突然遭到枪击，次日清晨与世长辞。
革命导师马克思高度地评价林肯说，他是一个“不会被困难所吓倒，不会为成功所迷惑的人，他不屈不挠地迈向自己的伟大目标，而从不轻举妄动，他稳步向前，而从不倒退；……总之，他是一位达到了伟大境界而仍然保持自己优良品质的罕有的人物”。
Over the years, the Emancipation Proclamation and President Lincoln himself have been reviewed with both admiration and derision. The shifting viewpoints towards the two reflect the context of the times and that is how the Emancipation Proclamation and president Lincoln must be viewed because each were created in the context of their times
The war for the Union or the Lincoln Administration did not start out as a war to end slavery. Lincoln himself, by modern day standards, was prejudice and believed blacks would be better off leaving the country. The threat that Lincoln represented was political and economic to the South. Lincoln had no intention of interfering with slavery where it already existed but was opposed to the extension of slavery, which represented economic threat to the south as well as the loss of political power. It must be remembered, as the author points out, that there was no great demand among the majority of the people for slavery to end and Lincoln’s racial views on blacks were common. Little, if anything was said about the black man having an equal place in American society, a view shared by many in the military also.
In any event, freeing the slaves would be a radical measure in many Northerners eyes. The author analyzes how Lincoln had to tread thin line because of this... The Border States were a key strategic area and losing those states would make the war even more difficult to fight for the union. Lincoln had to consider the reaction of the army also if a proclamation feeing the slaves was announced The Union had to win the war in any event to give teeth to a proclamation.
The first plans developed by the Lincoln Administration called for compensated emancipation. The plans reflected the viewpoint of Lincoln, sometimes not shared by members of Congress and Lincoln cabinet members, that gradual and compensated emancipation was the best method. Lincoln had to think about the entire Union effort and could not risk making such a radical move. The plans also promoted colonization of the blacks, which was angrily opposed by the blacks themselves.
In time, it was Lincoln came to see that the war would have to be more about just saving the union. Lincoln has had few equals in the skill of using the words of the English language. The Emancipation Proclamation is often criticized for not having the same beautiful and high idealized words of his Second Inaugural Address. The key here is that Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation in legalistic terms for a reason. First, the Emancipation Proclamation was conditional. The Emancipation Proclamation only freed slaves in certain areas of the Confederacy and not others. Second, it was also a military measure, a aimed at undermining the economic system of the South, Third, the Emancipation Proclamation might be challenged legally and had to stand up to constitutional scrutiny by the supreme Court, if the union could win the war.
One of the criticisms of the Emancipation Proclamation was the fact that it did not set every slave free. Again, using today’s standards to judge is somewhat unfair because the union had to win the war first. Lincoln had to think about how the army and the Border States would react. Although the army did not dissolve or the Border States did not leave the union, there was not universal rejoicing at the Emancipation Proclamation. The Proclamation also strengthened the Confederate will because Lincoln had struck at the very heart of the south and the way of life the Confederacy was fighting for.
The enlistment of the African-American, both ex-slaves and freed blacks, in Union armies represented turning point because that was the evidence that the war had changed and a new era was beginning. The black man would earn respect in the service of the union but that did not equate to equal treatment. The rights earned in the crucible of warwould be frittered away in the years after the war, giving the Emancipation Proclamation hollow meaniing for many blacks.
The mixed reputation of Lincoln among African-Americans is a demonstration of dashed hopes and the failure of expectations. The failures of Reconstruction and the suppression of African-Americans lowered the stature of Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation. When looked at from a genuine abolition viewpoint, Lincoln was cold and indifferent and did not move fast enough. However, when measured by the sentiments of the country, which Lincoln was bound to consult, he was swift, radical, and determined. And for that Lincoln should and does have a special place in the hearts of all Americans
丁汤易妥：[答案] 林肯简介Lincoln warned the South in his Inaugural Address:＂In your hands,my dissatisfied fellow countrymen,and not in mine,is the momentous issue of civil war.The government will not assail you.You ha...
景德镇市18634068094： 林肯的英文个人简介帮帮忙,越快越好~~~~ - ？
丁汤易妥：[答案] 1809.2.12,birthday1818 (9 years),the mother died.1831 (22 years),a business failure.1832 (23 years old),his state parliament seat.In the same year (23 years old),lost.To attend law school,but not scho...
景德镇市18634068094： 林肯是谁? - 他的功绩.经历.对美国的作用？
丁汤易妥： 亚伯拉罕·林肯(Abraham Lincoln,1809年2月12日—1865年4月15日),美国政治家,第16任总统(1861-1865),美国南北战争时期的北方领袖. 他生于肯塔基州,出...
景德镇市18634068094： 急求丘吉尔、华盛顿、林肯三人的英文简介及人物评价要求:必须英文,6级水平人物简介每人100词以内,人物评价是重点,每人200词左右紧急,今天下午... - ？
丁汤易妥：[答案] 丘吉尔 Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill,(30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British politician known chiefly... and the first person to be recognised as an honorary citizen of the United States. 林肯 Abraham Lincoln (February 12,1809 – ...
景德镇市18634068094： Abraham Lincoln 的英文简介简介,紧急…… - ？
丁汤易妥：[答案] Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809- April 15, 1865) was the 16th President of the United States of America. He served as President from March 4, 1861, until April 15, 1865 (he was re-elected in 1864). Lincoln's Vice-President was ...
景德镇市18634068094： 林肯的英文是怎么拼的?林肯的英文是怎么拼的/ ？
丁汤易妥： Lincoln 英[ˈlɪŋkən] 美[ˈlɪŋkən] n. 林肯(姓氏,男子名); 林肯(Abraham, 1809-1865,美国第16任总统,以解放黑奴著称于世); 林肯牌大轿车(福特汽车厂产的名牌豪华汽车); 林肯(美国城市名); [例句]After reading a biography of Lincoln he was able to tell many stories about the President. 他读了林肯的传记后,能讲出许多关于这位总统的故事.
景德镇市18634068094： 介绍林肯的英语作文40个单词 - ？
丁汤易妥： There are quite a few people that I admire greatly, but the one that comes first on my list is Abraham Lincoln, the great American emancipator. Although he was born poor, he worked hard and honestly, and eventually became President of the United ...
景德镇市18634068094： 林肯简介林肯的简介,100~200字,有急用! ？
丁汤易妥： 亚伯拉罕•林肯(1809-1865 ),美国第 16 任总统. 1809年2月12日,林肯出生在肯塔基州哈丁县一个清贫的农民家庭,用他自己的话说,他的童年是“一部贫穷的简明编年史”.小时候,他帮助家里搬柴、提水、做农活等. 父母是英国移民的后裔,他们以种田和打猎为生.1816年,林肯全家迁至印第安纳州西南部,开荒种地为生.9岁的时候,林肯的母亲去世了. 1865年4月15日晚,林肯在华盛顿的福特剧院遇刺身亡.5月4日,林肯葬于橡树岭公墓
