英语倒装语法的问题
Citizens who receive the protection of society, be they young or old, men or women, government officials or common folks, are all bound to observe a certain line of conduct towards the rest.有以下问题:
be they young or old 这个是省略if和should的虚拟句 ,是插入的状语从句,但不是插入语
原句是if they should be young or old,。。。
省略if后句子倒装should they be young or old,。。
句子动词是be时,开头的should常常省略。把be 放在前
本从句be they 。。。本身就有 不管/无论 的意思
意思相当于even if / no matter they are young or old,。。。
英语中的倒装句指的是主语、谓语位置颠倒的情况,其具体的倒装手段有两种:全部倒装(将整个谓语部分置于主语之前)和部分倒装(只将谓语中的情态动词、系动词或助动词部分移至主语前面,如果原句中没有情态动词、系动词或助动词,进行部分倒装时需要加上)。例如: In the front of the classroom stands a teacher.教室前面站着一位老师。(全部倒装) // Never before have I heard such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事。
“强调否定状语的倒装句”的基本用法
“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语,将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有: never, seldom, rarely, little, few, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., at no time, by no means, no longer, not only ... but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ...等。例如: Never shall I forget this lesson.我绝对不会忘记这个教训。// Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.我一生中很少遇见这样意志坚定的人。// No sooner had we reached the station than the train left.我们刚到车站,火车就开了。// No longer will I believe a word you say.你的话我以后一个字也不相信了。// Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also (he was) a poet.(not only ... but also ...连接两个句子时,前一个句子倒装,后一个不倒装)丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家,还是一位诗人。// Not until quite recently did I have any idea what a guided missile was like.直到最近我才知道导弹是个什么样子。
注意:如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词,而不针对全句,就不用进行倒装。例如: Not a soul was anywhere visible.到处见不到一个人。// Hardly anybody believes that.几乎没有人相信那件事。// Not long ago it rained.不久前下过雨。
〔考题1〕 I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ____ with my progress. (2006重庆)
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕题干中的but表明其后的句子应表示与“I’ve tried very hard to improve my English.”相反的意义,即“老师并不对我的进步感到满意”。否定主句的状语by no means放于句首表示强调时,主句应进行部分倒装,而且不应再在句中加入否定词not,据此可以排除A、 B、 C而选出D。
〔考题2〕 Little ____ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (2007安徽)
A. he realized B. he didn’t realize
C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕句首作状语的副词little本身含有否定意义,不需另外加not,由此排除选项B、 C;由于句首little之后应使用部分倒装,由此进一步排除正常语序形式的选项A而选出D。
〔考题3〕 They have a good knowledge of English but little ____ they know about German. (2005天津)
A. have B. did C. had D. do
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕含有否定意义的状语little(在这里little作副词)位于分句的句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。“they have a good knowledge of English”这一分句采用的是一般现在时,下划线处所表示的时态应与此一致,故应填入do。
〔考题4〕 — Did Linda see the traffic accident?
— No, no sooner ____ than it happened. (2006天津)
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
〔答案〕 A
〔解析〕 hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner... than...都表示“一……就……”,前面的主句通常用过去完成时,后面的从句通常用一般过去时,而且当hardly, scarcely或no sooner放于句首时,前面的主句应采用部分倒装。
〔考题5〕 Not only ____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it. (2002上海春)
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕 not only... but (also)...连接两个并列分句并且包含否定含义的not only放于句首时, not only后的分句要进行部分倒装, but (also)后的分句不进行倒装,因此本题应选D。
〔考题6〕 Not until all the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was. (1995)
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize
〔答案〕 A
〔解析〕 not... until... 表示“直到……才……”, 在为了表示强调而把否定主句的not until提至句首时, 主句要采用倒装语序(until引导的时间状语从句不倒装), 因此本题应选A。
〔考题7〕 Never before ____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (2005上海)
A. has this city been B. this city has been
C. was this city D. this city was
〔答案〕 A
〔解析〕 否定主句的状语never before放于句首表示强调时, 主句应进行部分倒装, 又因为描述的是一个与现在有关, 并对现在有影响的动作, 所以应用现在完成时, 本题应选A。
〔考题8〕 The old couple married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other. (2003)
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
〔答案〕 C
〔解析〕并列句的后一分句把否定性状语never once放在了句首表示强调,该分句应进行部分倒装,又因为描述了一个与现在有关,且对现在有影响的动作,所以应用现在完成时,本题应选C。
〔考题9〕 I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ____ so happy! (2000北京、安徽春)
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
〔答案〕 D
〔解析〕否定性状语never in all my life放于句首时,该句要进行部分倒装,又因为需要表示说话人得到梦寐以求的工作之前没有这么开心过这一“过去的过去”的情况,下划线处应采用过去完成时,所以本题应选D。
〔考题10〕 Never in my wildest dreams ____ these people are living in such poor conditions. (2006安徽)
A. I could imagine B. could I imagine
C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine
〔答案〕 B
〔解析〕否定性状语never in my wildest dreams放于句首时,该句要进行部分倒装,排除选项C、 D; never本身已经表示否定,不应再重复使用否定形式,因此进一步排除D而选出B。
〔考题11〕 I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom ____ so lonely as now. (2007辽宁)
A. have I felt B. I had felt
C. I have felt D. had I felt
〔答案〕 A
〔解析〕否定性状语seldom位于but之后分句的句首,该分句应该进行部分倒装,由此排除选项B、 C;下划线所在的分句描述现在的情况而不是描述“过去的过去”,因此应进一步排除过去完成时形式的选项D而选出A。
完全倒装
1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。 例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came. 4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装 5)在强调状语时1)当句首状语为方位词或拟声词,谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动词时句子须倒装。例如: 1 Up went the plane. 2 In came the chairman and the meeting began. 注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。例如: 1 Out they rushed! 2 Lower and lower he bent. (2) 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装。例如: 1 Round the corner walked a large policeman. 2Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man. 3 当句首状语由“only +副词”,“only +介词词组”,“only +状语从句”构成时,句子须倒装。例如: 1 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. (不属于完全倒装) 2 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. (6)当句首状语为here, there, now, then等时,句子须倒装,主语是代词时,句子不用倒装。例如: 1)Here is a ticket for you. 2)Now comes your turn. 3)Here he comes. (7)以关联词so (…that)开头的句子中,句子须倒装。例如: 1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus. 3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he can’t sleep at night. 注:在该结构中,“so +形容词”是表语的前置;“so +副词”是状语的前置。 .在直接引语之后 在叙事性书面语中,直接引语后常跟asked Mary, answered John, said the old lady, grunted Peter之类的词语。在这些 词语中,动词常的主语之前,主语是代词时,不用倒装。例如: 1)“What do you mean?” asked Henry. 2)“What do you mean?” he asked. . often, many a time等表示频度的状语置于句首时 例如:Often did they think of going there, but they never had a chance. 12.在as, though引导的让步状语从句中 在as, though引导的让步状语从句中,一般将形容词、副词或名词等置于句首。例如: 1)Small as the atom is, we can smash it. 2)Big as the workpiece is, it is turned out with Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Out he rushed. 注意: 1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。 例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。) Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。) 2) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。 例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。) Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众)
部分倒装解析
1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。 Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活) 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。) In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化) 3) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。 Only in the country can you learn the “true English”. 4)一些如scarcely……when, no sooner ……than, hardly……when引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。 注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。 5)此外,一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time; by no means; by no manner of means; for no reason; in no case; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; in no way; on no account; on no consideration; at no point例如Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money. 注意: a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装: 例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。) b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装: 例: It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。) c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。 例:Hardly any people having been invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。) 6) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句: 例:I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。) 7) 由as引导的部分倒装句: a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。 例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。) She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑上楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!) b) 当 as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。 Hard as he worked, he did not pass the exam.(虽然他很用功,但他还是没及格) c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。 例:Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。) d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是” 例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)
so, neither, nor倒装
除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。 a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句: He promised to finish my homework, so did I. b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分: 例:So selfish was she that everyone avoid talking with her. c)也存在such+be+主语的情况用以强调,例如Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.(阿尔伯特?爱因斯坦是一个有伟大成就的普通人) d) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为: 1) 完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。 例:You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。) 2) 和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句: 例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither retreat could they .(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。) 注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。 She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper. 3) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装: 例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)
部分倒装作用
有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同: 例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。) B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。) 2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装: 例:America consumes more energy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。) 3)在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒装。如May you happy. 4)在文学作品中常出现倒装,有些是由于语法习惯,有些是为了简单的修辞,如Not even one cloud will I bring away(不带走一片云彩).
不用倒装的地方
注:如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装. Only Wang Ling knows this . 如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,用倒装结构;主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。 " Let' go ," said the man .
编辑本段分类
there be结构的倒装 在“there be”(或there + appear to be,come,exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be) 雪结构中,倒装形式为完全倒装。如: There were many students in the reading room in this evening. 今晚阅览室里有许多学生。 There is a TV set, a stereo system and a number of chairs in the sitting room. 客厅里有一台电视机,一套组合音响和一些椅子。 here,there,now,then等引起的倒装 在以here,there,now,then等简短副词引起的句子中(前三个须用一般现在时),动词往往是be,come,go等时, 这类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。如: Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你久盼的信在这儿。 但要注意:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。如: Here they are. 他们在这儿。 省略if的非真实条件状语从句中的倒装 虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时,were, had, should须移至主语之前。如: Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job. 如果你在大学期间读书用功些,现在就会找到一份更好的工作。 Were he better qualified, he would apply for the position. 要是他的条件再好些,他就申请这个职位。 what,how引起的倒装 以What, how开头的感叹句(表语或宾语提前)。如: What beautiful weather (it is)! 多好的天气啊!(表语提前) What a lovely picture he painted! 他画了一张多好的画啊!(宾语提前) 疑问词或连接词引起的倒装 在疑问词或连接词whether等引起的从句中。如: Whatever you may say, I won’t go there. 无论你怎样说,我都不会去那儿。(状语从句中宾语提前) What book he wants is not clear. 他要什么书还不清楚。(主语从句中宾语提前) 否定词位于句首时引起的倒装 (1). never,seldom,hardly,little,few等引起的倒装 否定词never,seldom,rarely,hardly,barely,scarcely,little,few等位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: Never shall I forget the days when you were with us. 我很少有时间去看电影。 (2). nowhere,no longer,no more等引起的倒装 nowhere(无处),no longer(不再),no more(也不)等否定词位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式: No longer was he in charge of this work. 他不再负责这项工作了。 (3). not until,not a,not in the least等引起的倒装 not until(直到……才),not a(一个……也没有),not in the least(一点儿也不),not for a minute/moment(一点儿也不)等位于句首时,通常引起倒装(not a之后的名词作主语时除外),其形式通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike. 一直到所有的要求遭到拒绝之后,工人们才决定罢工。 Not once did he talk to me. 他一次也没有和我谈过。 (4). under no circumstances,by no means,in no way等引起的倒装 in/under no circumstances(无论如何不),by no means (决不),in no case (无论如何不),in no way (决不),on no account (决不可),on no condition(决不)等短语位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: In no case must force be resorted to. 决不准许诉诸武力。 By no means is it true that all English people know their own language well. 并非所有的英国人都通晓本国语。 关联连词位于句首时引起的倒装 (1). not only...but also引起的倒装 not only...but also位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时形式或一般过去时形式,则为完全倒装形式。如: Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them. 我们不仅应该不怕困难,而且应该尽最大努力去克服它们。 (2). neither...nor引起的倒装 neither...nor位于句首引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: Neither Peter wanted the responsibility,nor did his wife. 彼得不想担此责任,他妻子也不想担此责任。 (3). hardly...when/no sooner...than引起的倒装 hardly/scarcely/barely...when或no sooner...than位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: Hardly had he arrived when/No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他刚到就又被请走了。 (4). so...that引起的倒装 so...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: So angry was he (He so angry) that he couldn’t speak. 他如此愤怒,以致说不出话来。 (5). such...that引起的倒装 such...that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如: Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. 爆炸的威力如此之大,以致所有的窗户都被震破了。 only引起的倒装 当副词only位于句首并修饰状语或宾语时,引起句子的倒装,其形式通常为部分倒装,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装。如: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only yesterday did I finish this the book. 到昨天我才读完那本书。 表语位于句首时所引起的倒装 当作表语的形容词、副词、介词短语等位于句首时,常常引起倒装,其形式为完全倒装: Aristotle says,“Plato is dear to me,but dearer still is truth.” 亚里斯多德说,“吾爱柏拉图,但更爱真理。” Present at the meeting were Professor Smith,Professor Brown,Sir Hugh and many other celebrities. 到会的有史密斯教授、勃朗教授、休爵士以及许多其他知名人士。 状语位于句首时所引起的倒装 (1). 当位于句首的状语是一些表示地点的介词短语或表示运动方向的副词(如away,back,down,in,off,out,up)时,常常引起倒装,其形式为全部倒装。如: Away went the runners. 赛跑手们刷地跑开了。 Down came the rain. 雨哗地落下来了。 (2).介词短语作地点状语,放在句首,后面跟的是不及物动词be,come,sit live,stand,lie,exist等时常常引起倒装,其形式为全部倒装。如: Next to the table is a chair. 桌旁有把椅子。 At the South Pole lies Antarctica, the coldest and most desolate region on earth. 南极洲位于南极,它是地球上最寒冷和最荒凉的地区。 状语从句中的倒装 (1).让步状语从句中的倒装 as引导的让步状语从句中的倒装: 在as引导的让步状语从句中,位于句首的可以是形容词、名词、副词,还可以是谓语动词的一部分,从而形成从句的部分倒装。如: Tires as he was, he continued the work. 虽然他累了,但是仍然继续工作。 (2).方式状语从句中的倒装 as引导的方式状语从句一般为正常语序,但是,如果主语比谓语长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如: He believed,as did all his family,that the king was the supreme lord. 他和他全家人一样,都认为国王是至高无上的君主。 (3).比较状语从句的倒装 than引导的比较状语从句中的倒装: 由than引导的比较状语从句一般为正常语序。但是,如果主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装: Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than does eastern Nebraska. 内布拉斯加西部地区的降雪通常比东部地区少。 the more...,the more...结构中的倒装 在以the more..., the more...引导的倒装结构中,采用部分倒装;如果主句的主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如: The more books you read(宾语提前),the wider your knowledge is(表语提前). 书读得越多,知识就越渊博。
部分倒装(也叫半倒装)即把情态动词或助动词放在主语之前(So do I)(回答了第一个问题),全倒装是将全部谓语动词提到主语之前(In comes Beibei.)
不是只有only在句首才加助动词的,即不是只有这一种情况下才采取半倒装的。(第二个问题)
什么时候用全倒装,什么时候用半倒装我记得有几种常见的情形,仅供参考:
1、以only开头的句子(only放在句首,修饰副词,介词短语或状语从句)用半倒装。
Only in this way can we do sth. (这个是经典的作文总结句型,百用不厌。(*^__^*) )
印象中考试貌似考上面这个还有only when.......,only this afternoon.......之类的几个句型比较多。
注意:不能死板地一看是only开头就倒装,举个例子:Only he knows this.这时only后面接的不是副词,介词短语或状语从句而是主语,要仔细看懂句意,注意区分。
2、only if .... 只要 .... 放在句首时,主句用半倒装 (与if only... 要是...就好了 相区别 介个用于虚拟语气) Only if the teacher agrees, are you able to go.
3、介词短语放在句首用全倒装。 Behind the house stands a tree.
4、out、in up down away 等副词开头的句子用全倒装。 Here comes a bus.
5、so ,such 前置用半倒装。So clever are they.
6、never等否定词放在句首,或not only, not until 等否定短语引导的从句中主句用半倒装。
Never shall I do this again.
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
。。。。。。。。。还有些记不清了,楼主可以对照着习题检验以上几种类型是否正确。。。
倒装句介个是个麻烦玩意儿,要理的很清楚不容易。。。建议楼主提议老师对倒装句型来个全面总结,方便理解记忆和掌握。。。。还有一个死办法就是多记几个典型的例句。。。。
倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is your letter.
2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here he comes. Away they went.
倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
Never have I seen such a performance.
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。
注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a performance.
The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
典型例题
1) Why can't I smoke here?
At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.
2) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案D. 看到Not until…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。
改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。
注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。
Not only you but also I am fond of music.
so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。
Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
If you won't go, neither will I.
典型例题
---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
---I don't know, _____.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
答案:B. nor为增补意思"也不关心",因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。
注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
---It's raining hard. ---So it is.
only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。
注意:
1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
注意:
让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。
其他部分倒装
1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.
2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中:
May you all be happy.
3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。
Were I you, I would try it again.
典型例题:
1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is
A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know
答案为D. 否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。
2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize
答案为B。
3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?
I don't know, ___.
A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also
解析:答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
其实这个很容易 的,只有几种情况,稍微总结一下,不用死机的,太麻烦
高考英语语法:高中英语语法-“倒装”考点透析
《高中英语语法-“倒装”考点透析》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。“倒装”考点透析 倒装有两种情况:部分倒装(主语和助动词倒置)和全部倒装(主语和谓语完全倒置)。之所以使用倒装,一是为了句子的需要;二是为了语法结构的需要。?一、为了句子...
英语语法的几个问题 请求大师帮忙看下 关于倒装 单复数 动词等_百度...
3,这句话后面不可以加it,没有为什么。这句话的完整版为:I really can't work out waht I should do and how I should do.你仔细品味一下,这后面可以加it么?4,你的问题太模糊,说明你的知识结构很模糊。不及物动词是一定要跟一个介词,然后在跟宾语的。如:come,stay, stand等。你不...
语法大全7:特殊句式之倒装句(超全详解)
四、否定词与虚拟语气的倒装当"hardly", "seldom"等否定词或词组开启句子,助动词或情态动词会提前,如'had he arrived'。虚拟语气中,省略'if'的表达同样富有韵味,如'Would come if free',省略了条件,留下想象的空间。五、倒装句的连贯与强调'So...that', 'to such...that', 'in such.....
问英语倒装句语法问题2
选B 给你介绍一下关于So的倒装 当So位于句首时:①So+形容词&副词 句子需要部分的主谓倒装 即整的句子只有So后面的一小部分倒装 例:So beautiful is she .So beautiful is she ,when she is dancing .部分倒装即是So引导的句子主谓倒装了,而后面when引导不倒装;全部倒装则是when后面的句子主谓也...
想问一些倒装句的问题
后面的虚拟语气句要倒装;2.A.虚拟语气语法:if句改为were to结构表示将来;3.be about to 用在叙述者的角度上,be going to do\/be to do用在被描述者的角度,但前者表示主语习惯性的动作,后者表示发生动作的可能性上。4.不是倒装,as在句子里表示假设如果的意思 ...
高中英语倒装语法的讲解?
倒装句 一、完全倒装—— 提前部分 + 谓语动词 + 主语 状语here, there, now, then放句首,谓语动词为be, go, come Here are some examples.Now comes your turn.注意:当主语是人称代词时,不倒装 Here she comes.There it goes.表示位置转移的副词:off, away, up, down, in, out等 Up ...
英语语法中倒装句的具体知识点。
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.2) Not until the early years of the 19th century...
高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语倒装的表现形式
《高中英语语法-英语倒装的表现形式》由留学liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。英语倒装的表现形式 谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看,可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前...
倒装句的用法总结大全
英语的倒装句是一个常考的知识点,它相对来说也比较难。学好倒装句的用法对我们的写作有很大的帮助。下面我为你们分享倒装句的用法 总结 大全。▼▼目录▼▼ 完全倒装 部分倒装 典型考题 ● 完全倒装(无需助动词)(1) there,here,down,up,in,out,now,then,before,away,off等副词开头的 句...
英文倒装 语法分析 解释
not only 置于句首,除了not only 强调人称代词的时候,其余都必须倒装。如:Not only you but also he is to blame.不仅是你,他也不对。 ( 不用倒装)这个句子,如果你不倒装,可以换为:This restaurant not only offers great food . It also has top-notch service.不懂请追问,(*^__^...
东点抗人:[答案] 倒装 英语句子的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后,这种语序称作正常语序或自然语序.但有时出于语法或达到某种修辞目的(强调、承上启下、平衡等)的需要,要把谓语动词放在主语前面,这种语序称作倒装(Inversion)语序.将谓语动词完全移至...
沁源县13458262964: 关于英语, 我想问一下各位关于英语中倒装句的用法,我老是弄不清. - ?
东点抗人: 1、适应一定的语法结构的需要,主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要. e.g. May I come in? 2、为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放到句首,构成倒装. e.g. Never have I been late for school this termSo early did he come to school that no other ...
沁源县13458262964: 语法问题关于倒装 - ?
东点抗人: 倒装有两种:将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion).如:In came a man with a white beard. 只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(Partial Inversion).如:Only once was John late to class. ...
沁源县13458262964: 谁能给解释一下英语语法中倒装谁能给详细解释一下英语语法中倒装语法,越详细越好,我给分很高啊. - ?
东点抗人:[答案] 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时.常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run. There goes the bell. Then came ...
沁源县13458262964: 英语中倒装问题 - ?
东点抗人: 这是根据倒装成分决定的,第一个让步状语从句是普遍的一种,并没有倒装的成分.而第二句为突出强调young 倒装了表语成分,而且也确实as 有倒装的特殊用法.此外,比如虚拟语气的were等.
沁源县13458262964: 英语倒装语法问题?
东点抗人: 这句话是倒装里的一种,叫做“形前移,表前提,状语前提全都倒” 解释一下:形容词和表语、状语如放在句首,那么句子就要倒装成“状语--动词--主语”的顺序. 但是一定要注意:如果整句话是个状语从句,那么只有“主句”倒装,“由连词引导的从句”不可以倒装! 所以答案很明显要选正装语序,选A.
沁源县13458262964: 英语倒装问题 ★1.我们做语法题目时候做到倒装,有的是部分倒装,但是有的却是全部倒装,At the foot of the mountain - ____(填写的是“ lies a village”... - ?
东点抗人:[答案] At the foot of the mountain lies a village.介词短语位于句首,全部倒装. only修饰状语位于句首时,部分倒装,但only修饰主语时,不倒装.
沁源县13458262964: 什么时候英语要进行倒装啊?为什么要倒装啊.怎么倒装啊? - ?
东点抗人:[答案] 倒装(Inversion)是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要.英语的最基本结构是主、谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒. 倒装有两种:将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion...
沁源县13458262964: 英语全部倒装句问题!Along with the rapid development of economy have been sending an increasing number of parents their children to study abroad.伴随... - ?
东点抗人:[答案] 不对,这个句子用不了倒装,along with 的用法和with差不多,你想想,有with的句子,如;with the development of economy,more and more people move to the city,就不用倒装~ 全部倒装的情况; A.在疑问句中 各种疑问句一般地说都是倒装语序....