丹麦介绍

丹麦的介绍~

丹麦王国（丹麦语：Kongeriget Danmark，旧译为“嗹（lián）国”、“嗹马”1），简称丹麦，为北欧五国之一，是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有两个自治领地，一个是法罗群岛，另外一个是格陵兰岛。丹麦本土则包括日德兰半岛、菲因岛、西兰岛及附近岛屿，北部隔北海和波罗的海与瑞典和挪威相望，南部与德国接壤，首都兼第一大城市是哥本哈根。1397年6月与瑞典、挪威组建卡尔马联盟，并成为联盟的领导者，世界上第一面国旗便是1219诞生的丹麦国旗，被称为“丹麦人的力量”。丹麦是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，拥有完善的社会福利制度，国民享受极高的生活品质，还是欧盟成员国，和北约创始国之一。

1、丹麦是北欧五国之一，是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有两个自治领地，法罗群岛和格陵兰。北部隔北海和波罗的海与瑞典和挪威相望，并与之合称为斯堪的纳维亚国家，南部与德国接壤，首都兼第一大城市是哥本哈根。
2、约公元985年形成统一王国，8~11世纪进入维京时代的北欧海盗全盛时期。14世纪成为欧洲强国之一，1397年6月在女王玛格丽特一世的主导下与瑞典、挪威组成卡尔马联盟， 并成为联盟的领导者。世界上第一面国旗便是1219诞生的丹麦国旗，被称为“丹麦人的力量”。
3、丹麦是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，也是北约创始国和欧盟成员国之一。该国拥有极其完善的社会福利制度，经济高度发达，贫富差距极小，国民享受极高的生活品质。 2019年2月，2018年全球幸福指数出炉，丹麦排名第三。

扩展资料：
行政区划：
2007年1月1日，丹麦实行新的行政区划。全国设5个大区、98个市和格陵兰、法罗群岛2个自治领地。
格陵兰岛和法罗群岛也是丹麦王国的领土，但拥有自治权并且享有高度自治，在议会各拥有2席。法罗群岛自行划分为7个郡30个县；格陵兰人口少，没有再划分行政区域。
首都哥本哈根（Copenhagen ，Koebenhavn），原意为“商人港口”，有自由港和航空港，是世界交通的枢纽，由于统治欧洲时间最久的皇族玛格丽特女皇二世皇族居住于此。
因此它还有一个别称——“女皇之城”，人口50．1万（2006年1月），这个城市因丰富的艺术与文化本质而在1996年被评为欧洲文化之都。其他主要的经济中心城市包括：奥胡斯、欧登塞和奥尔堡等。
参考资料来源：百度百科——丹麦

Denmark (pronounced /ˈdɛnmɑrk/ ( listen); Danish: Danmark, pronounced [ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊], archaic: [ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊]) is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe and the senior member of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and many islands, most notably Zealand (Sjælland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. Denmark has long controlled the approach to the Baltic Sea; before the digging of the Kiel Canal water passage to the Baltic was possible only through the three channels known as the "Danish straits".

Denmark is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. Denmark has a state-level government and local governments in 98 municipalities. Denmark has been a member of the European Union since 1973, although it has not joined the Eurozone. Denmark is a founding member of NATO and the OECD.

Denmark, with a mixed market capitalist economy and a large welfare state,[4] ranks as having the world's highest level of income equality. Denmark has the best business climate in the world, according to the U.S. business magazine Forbes.[5] From 2006 to 2008, surveys[6] ranked Denmark as "the happiest place in the world," based on standards of health, welfare, and education. The 2009 Global Peace Index survey ranks Denmark as the second most peaceful country in the world, after New Zealand.[7] Denmark was ranked as the least corrupt country in the world in the 2008 Corruption Perceptions Index,[8] sharing a top position with Sweden and New Zealand.

The national language, Danish, is close to Swedish and Norwegian, with which it shares strong cultural and historical ties. 82.0% of the inhabitants of Denmark and 90.3% of the ethnic Danes are members of the Lutheran state church. As of 2009, 526,000 persons (9.5 % of the Danish population) were either immigrants or descendants of recent immigrants. Most of these (54%) have their origins in Scandinavia or elsewhere in Europe, while the remainder originate mainly from a wide range of Asian countries.

Denmark is a Scandinavian country, along with Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland. Like its neighbours, Denmark is built on a history of fearsome Vikings who set sail and fought other countries all over the world. Today, Denmark is more civilised – a much quieter and friendlier place to live in!

So what do you know about Denmark? Well firstly it’s famous for pastries: delicious Danish pastries are eaten all over the world. Danish bacon’s pretty famous too – we eat a lot of it in with our great British fry-ups! What else? Lego of course! The Danes invented Lego, a favourite toy and hobby for both adults and children everywhere.

Denmark has also produced some very famous people – the football goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel is certainly a Great Dane! Probably the most famous Dane is Hans Christian Andersen. Have you heard of him? You will almost certainly have read some of his stories.

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Denmark - Introduction
Introduction
Denmark lies between 54?and 58?of latitude north and 8?and 15?of longitude east. In addition to Denmark itself, the kingdom also includes the Faeroe Islands and Greenland.

Denmark consists of the peninsula of Jutland and c. 406 islands, of which c. 79 are inhabited (2002). Of these, the largest and most densely populated are Zealand on which the capital of Copenhagen is situated, Funen and the north Jutland island. The North Sea defines Denmark to the west, while the islands divide the Baltic from the Kattegat. The Danish islands are thus on the sea lane from the Baltic to the main oceans of the world and at the same time on the trade route from the Nordic countries to central Europe. Throughout the entire history of the country, this position has been influential on the circumstances governing developments in trade and on political and military strategy.

Administratively, the country is divided into 14 counties (amter) and 275 local authorities (kommuner), two of which (Copenhagen and Frederiksberg) are not included in the counties.

Towards the end of the 10th century, Denmark was united into a single kingdom. It has been an independent country ever since, and is thus one of the oldest states in Europe.

The form of government is a parliamentary democracy with a royal head of state. The system of production is capitalist (economic liberalism) with private ownership of businesses and production. The state and other public authorities, however, exercise a considerable regulatory control and provide comprehensive services for the citizens.

Denmark is a developed industrialised country. By international standards, the standard of living is high, and the differences between rich and poor are smaller than in many of the countries with which Denmark is traditionally compared.

Denmark is a member of the European Union. The proximity of Germany has traditionally orientated the country south in an economic and political sense, but close co-operation with Sweden, Norway, Finland and Iceland, with which Denmark enjoys a passport union, also ties Denmark to the North.

The country has a coastline totalling c. 7,300 km in all and a 68-km-long frontier with Germany. It is a distinctly low-lying country, the highest point being only 173 metres above sea level, but the landscape is undulating and varied; only occasionally is it possible to find undisturbed nature, and the view everywhere shows signs of human activity. Only on the island of Bornholm do we find bedrock, and otherwise the land is characterised by fertile clayish or sandy moraine landscapes.

Denmark is poor in mineral deposits. However, chalk for the production of cement is found in considerable quantities, and more oil and gas is extracted from the North Sea than is needed for home consumption.

Most of the country, c. 65%, is under cultivation. 10% is covered by deciduous or coniferous forest, while meadow, heath, marshland, bogs, sandhills and lakes constitute c. 10%. Built-up areas and traffic areas make up the remaining c. 13%. The climate is temperate, and precipitation is sufficient to provide all the water needed.

The population stands at c. 5.37 million, and the population density is c. 125 per square kilometre. Foreign immigrants and their descendants amount to c. 395,000, 165,000 of whom come from Europe; in addition there is a small German minority in southern Jutland. The language is everywhere Danish, and the vast majority of the population has been baptised into the established protestant church. Denmark is therefore nationally and culturally very homogeneous.

85% of the population lives in towns. The greater Copenhagen region accounts for c. 1.08 million inhabitants. The second city is Århus (218,000 inhabitants). In addition the entire country is otherwise covered by a network of medium-sized towns.

Danish agriculture is highly developed, producing a considerable surplus of manufactured foods which are exported to other countries. Industrial production is very varied in relation to the size of the country. Among the commodities that have made Denmark known abroad are, in addition to agricultural produce, beer, medicines, furniture, shipping, wind turbines and products of the advanced metal industries.

Both agriculture and industry are highly effective. Agriculture and fisheries employ only 4%, and industry and construction 23% of the population. The remaining 73% are employed in the service sector, 35% in public and personal services and 38% in private business, including financial activities and the traditional shipping trade.

Denmark is well provided with traffic systems. The road network is good everywhere in the country; railways and air links provide quick transport, and the islands are connected by ferries and a large number of bridges. Kastrup near Copenhagen is the largest international airport in the country and is at the same time a crossroads for air traffic to and from the other Scandinavian countries.

Denmark has an open economy, and trade with the rest of the world is of great importance. Imports and exports of goods and services thus represent, respectively, c. 33% and 36% of the country's GDP (2000). Around 2/3 of foreign trade is with the other countries in the EU; the remainder is divided among a very large number of trading partners, of which Norway and the USA are the most important.

Bue Nielsen
http://www.um.dk/publikationer/um/english/denmark/0.asp

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蓝馨息百： 丹麦王国(丹麦语:Kongeriget Danmark,旧译为“嗹(lián)国”、“嗹马”),简称丹麦,为北欧五国之一,是一个君主立宪制国家,拥有两个自治领地,一个是法罗群岛,另外一个是格陵兰岛.丹麦本土则包括日德兰半岛、菲因岛、西兰岛及附近岛屿,北部隔北海和波罗的海与瑞典和挪威相望,南部与德国接壤,首都兼第一大城市是哥本哈根.

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