国际音标的发音规则（用英语解释）

英语音标发音规则~

学英语一开始要学发音。学发音，可以用KK音标和自然发音来学习。美国英语有五十个音素，其中元音21个，辅音29个。美国英语字母共有26个，其中五个元音字母a、e、i、o、u，二十一个辅音字母，其中y字母有时当元音字母用。每个字母可以有一个或一个以上的读音，所以，英语语音共有五十个音位，一般用KK音标和Phonics来标音。
前元音：ee i e a
ee reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth
ea sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
ey key
e-e these
i lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
y rainy sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby
e egg well red pen net hen bed bell
ea head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather
a mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple
后元音a o aw short oo long oo
ar arm car armchair card cart farm park garden
o ox on octopus box socks operate ostrich
al call tall ball fall wallau August sauce sausage naughty applause
aw paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn
or porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork
oo book woods cookie wool foot cook hook look
oo moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room
u mu nu Sue glue blue
ui suit juice fruit
u-e tube cube June
ew dew few view hew new nephew newspaper
在辅音字母w、字母组合wh之后，a常常要发短元音o，但是有例外，如wax。
中元音u ur schwa
u sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
er mermaid
ir birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girlur turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse
一般来说，在非重读音节中，五个元音字母都会弱读作schwa，KK音标为/ə/。
合口双元音a-e o-e i-e ow oi
a-e cape name tape
ai tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maid
ay bay ray way say hay pay May lay
o-e rose nose rope
oa road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap
ow rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low
i-e bite five kite
i I die lie pie tie right sight night tight light sigh fight high
y sky fly dry spy type shy cry my
ou house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse
ow cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower
oi coin oil point noise boil soil poison coil
oy oyster boy cowboy soy toy
集中双元音eer air oor ore
这四个元音末尾都是向着卷舌音r滑动的。
爆破音p b t d k g
p pants pink park path pig pear pencil pen
b bed book bench box banana bird bodyboy
t towel toe tie table teacher tea two ten
d desk doctor deer duck doll dog dancer door
k kite kangaroo kiss kitchen key kettle king kick
g garden goat gate goosegolf girlgold
摩擦音f v s z sh zh th th r h
f food family four foot five fence fork father
ph photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet
v vase veil village van vomit vest violin
s sun sofa silver sink sign soap six seven（c在e、i、y前也发s）
z zipper zero zoo zebra
sh sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel
s pleasure leisure measure explosure revision version decision explosion usual visual casual
g genre beige rouge prestige massage garage
th thumb three bathmatthirsty thief bath mouth teeth
th father mother brother feather leather
r rope ring rock rug rainbow rooster rose rabbit
wr wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write
h hat hen head home hand hammer house horse
破擦音ch j tr dr ts ds
ch beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherryj jewel jump jam jelly jacket jeet juice jar（g在e、i、y之前也发j）
tr tractor truck train tray tree triangletrunk trolley
dr dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink
ts students cats tsunami
ds birds needs AIDS
鼻音m n ng
m monkey math moon mother milk mouth map man
mb thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb
n net nail nose neck nest nurse number napkin
kn knob knee knock knife knit
ng的发音，舌后部抬高，顶住下垂的软腭，形成阻塞，气流由鼻腔中发出，声带振动。
舌侧音l
l leg lemon lake livingroom leaf lips lion light
半元音w wh y
w wall window Windows Walkman wind watch word wash woman
wh whale white wheel wheat whip whistlewheelchair whisper
y yard yacht year yam yellow yoyo
任何一个字，里面一定会有一个元音，元音前面的辅音可以和元音拼起来念，形成一个音节。如果一个字里有几个元音，则有两个音节。
只有a这个字母可能发a的音，也就是听到a这个声音马上可以写出a的字母。
e和ea都可以发e的音，但是ea在大多数情况下发的是长元音ee。
i和y可以发i的音。
o和a可以发o的音。a主要出现在w、wh之后。
u、o、ou、oo可以发短元音u。
在重读相对开音节中（元音字母后面紧接一个辅音字母和一个不发音的元音字母e）时，元音字母都要念成长元音，但有时o这个字母在重读相对开音节里却发短元音u。
鼻音n（还有m、ng、l）称为响辅音，它是美国英语中最长的辅音。
当元音字母u处在非重读音节词尾（无辅音）时，仍然读u-e。
元音字母是这个重读音节的最后一个字母，这个元音字母处于重读开音节中，读元音字母的长元音：a-e、ee、i-e、o-e、u-e。
元音字母后面紧接着一个或几个辅音字母，这个元音字母处于重读闭音节中，读元音字母的短元音：a、e、i、o、u。
ei、ey和ea在少数字中，可能发a-e的音：eight they great
a可能发e、o、aw的音，如：any what water
ee、ea、ei、ie、e都可能发ee的音。
o可能发oo、i、u的音：woman women mother son
ere可能发air的音：there where
字首（确定字根的方向或限定字根的意义）一般不重读，多音节字的重音一般都落在倒数第三个音节上面。

英语音标发音表

英语音标发音规则
一、元 音
第一组：[i:]与[i]
[i:]是个长音，靠口腔发出，发声处靠前，口型很扁，嘴唇向两边张开成微笑状。
[i]是个短音，靠喉咙发出，发声处靠后，口型略窄，发这个音时，要短促有力。
第二组：[e]、[ʌ]与[ei]
[e]，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。嘴不要张太大，上下齿间距离宁可偏小。
[ʌ]，嘴要张开、张大，而且尽量放宽，刚开始练习时可以夸张一点。
[ei]，口形由[e]向[i]滑动。发音过程中下颚向上合拢，舌位也随之稍稍抬高。
第三组：[ə:]与[ə]
这两个发音在口的中间位置完成。舌侧触及牙齿，舌的中间部位向下靠近下颚。舌片及舌尖卷曲使得尾音r化。
[ə:]是个长音，是由口腔发出来的。
[ə]是个短音，由喉咙发出，非常短促。
第四组：[a:]、[æ]、[ɔ:]与[ɔ]
[a:]是个长音，发音时，舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但不成圆形。
[æ]，嘴巴稍张，嘴形比[a:]小，发音听起来短促、含糊。
[ɔ:]与[ɔ]的嘴形一定要圆。发[ɔ:]时，双唇要收得更圆要小，并须用力向前突出，由嘴巴发出。[ɔ]是个短 音，通过喉咙发出。
第五组：[u:]与[u]
发长音[u:]要将舌根抬起并绷紧，舌尖离开下齿。嘴唇呈圆形，双唇收圆，稍向前突出。
发短音[u]的舌位比发长音的[u:]低，舌头放松，嘴唇略圆以避免将它发成中元音[[]。
第六组：[ai]、[ɔi]、[au]、[əu]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]
由于这一组都是双元音，所以音较长。
[ai]，可先发[a:]音，然后再过渡到[i]音。
[ɔi]，可先发[ɔ]音，然后再过渡到[i]音。
[au]，可先发[a:]音，然后再过渡到[u]音。
[əu]，可先发[ə]音，然后再过渡到[u]音。
[iə]，可先发[i]音，然后再过渡到[ə]音。
[ɛə]，可先发[e]音，然后再过渡到[ə]音。
[uə]，可先发[u]音，然后再过渡到[ə]音。
二、辅音
第一组：[p]与、[t]与[d]、[k]与[g]
因为它们都是爆破音。
1、[p]与[b]
[p]，双唇紧闭，在口腔积气，然后快速张口，通过气息发出这个音。
[b]，口形与[p]音一样，只不过这个音是通过口腔发出来的。
2、[t]与[d]
[t]，由舌头与上牙齿相撞，通过气息发出声音。
[d]，口形与[t]音一样，不过[d]是由口腔发出来的。
3、[k]与[g]
[k]，将舌头平等于上下齿之间，不要接触上下颚，也不要碰到牙齿，通过气息发出声音。
[g]，口形与[k]音一样，不过[g]是由口腔发出来的。
第二组：[f]与[v]
[f]，用上牙齿接触下唇，通过气息发出声音。
[v]，口形与[f]音一样，只不过[v]是由口腔发出来的。
第三组：[s]与[z]、[p]与[t]
[s]和[z]都是平舌音，发[s]音时，用舌头接触下齿齿龈，通过气息发出声音。[z]音的口形与[s]音一样，不同的是，[z]音是通过口腔发出的。
[p]和[t]，关键是要把舌头稍稍伸出，并用上下齿轻咬舌头，然后发音。[p]音是由气息发出来的，而[t]则通过喉咙发出。
第四组：[r]与[l]
发[r]音时，口稍微张开，舌前部上卷，不碰到口腔的上部，舌后部放松，然后发音，要卷舌。
发[l]音时，将舌头放到上牙龈上，再向下轻拨，发音。
第五组：[h]与[w]
[h]，稍微张开嘴巴，通过气息向外呵气，就可以发出来了。
[w]，口形与[h]音稍有不同，要嘴巴稍张，双唇向外翻，然后用口腔发出声音。
第六组：[∫]、[v]与[j]
发[∫]和[v]这两个音时，要把嘴噘成方形。发[∫]音时，在噘嘴、上下齿稍稍张开的前提下，只要吹气就可以发出这个音了，舌头造成不要接触上下齿或者上下颚。
[v]，口形雨[∫]一样，只不过[v]音是通过口腔发出来的。
[j]，嘴巴稍张，发出汉字“也”的声音。
第七组：[ts]与[dz]
[ts]，嘴巴稍张，用舌头抵住下牙齿齿根，发出汉语拼音“ci”的声音就可以了。
[dz]，口形与[ts]音一样，只要发出汉语拼音里的“zi”就行了。
第八组：[tr]与[dr]
发这两个音时，嘴巴稍张，嘴唇向外翻，舌尖抵上齿龈后部，然后发音。
第九组：[t∫]与[dʒ]
发这两个音时，嘴巴稍张，并往两边拉，而不是往外翻。
第十组：[m]、[n]与[ŋ]
[m]，双唇自然合闭，通过鼻前部发音。
[n]，发模糊音，口微张，用鼻子发出“嗯”的音；发清晰音，嘴巴稍张，舌尖用力抵住下牙齿齿要，然后发音。
[ŋ]，双唇合闭，通过鼻子后部发出“嗯”的声音。
扩展资料：
拼读规则：以元音为重点划分应届，然后按照音节来拼读。
拼读口诀：语言为中心划音节、依据音节来拼读。多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节轻发音，重开音读长音，轻、闭音读短音。
常见字母组合发音规律：元音字母音多变，熟记规则。辅音字母显易单，看见就把音来念。字母组合固定音，反复练习形语感。看到生词找规律，划分音节顺口连。元音字母只中间，辅音字母音两边站。

/p/and/b/ You pronounce the/p/and/b/ by stopping the airstream with your lips,building up pressure and suddenly releasing the air.

/k/and/g/ You produce /k/and/g/by blocking the breath-stream with the back of the tongue and soft palate,building up the the pressure,and suddenly releasing it.

/f/and/v/ are labio-dental sounds./f/ is voiceless and /v/ is voiced.They are fricative sounds that are produced by forcing the breathstream between your upper teeth and lower lip.

/θ/and/ð/ are interdental sounds.These fricatives are produced by squeezing the breathstream between your tongues and teeth./θ/is voiceless and /ð/ is voiced.

/s/and/z/ are alveolar sounds.These fricatives are produced by forcing air between the tongue and upper or lower front teeth./s/is voiceless and /z/ is voiced.

/h/is a voiceless glottal fricative.It is simply a stream of air from the larynx directed through the open mouth.

这些音标我不会打呵呵，你自己查看看，我用单词替代，不好意思嘎
should and /3/are lingua-palata fricatives.They are produced in much the same way as the /s/ and /z/,except the tongue is farther back and the lips are rounded.
/tf/ and /d3/ are affricate sounds,produced by blocking off the breath-stream between the tongue and gum ridge,for a stop and a fricative.

/m/and//n/ are simple,straight-forward consonants:the /m/ occurs at the front of the mouth and is grouped with the labials,the /n/ is produced on the upper gum ridge and is alveolar.The place of articulation of /ŋ/ is the same as that of /k/and/g/.It is made with the back of the tongue touching the soft palate.

/w/ and /j/ are similar in several ways.First,they are closely ralated to a vowel sound:/j/ is similar to the vowel /i:/ and /w/ is very much like the vowel /u:/.Second,they are both voiced consonants.In pronunciation,for /j/ the lips are relaxed and the tongue is in the highn front space;for/w/the lips are rounded and the tongue is in the hing back space.Then there is a movement away from these positions to whatever sound follows.

/r/ is the other approximant besides /j/ and /w/ in English.The important thing about the articulation of /r/ ia that the tip of the tongue approaches the alveolar area in approximately the way it would for a /t/ or /d/,but never actually makes contact with any part of the roof of the mouth.During the pronunciation,the tongue is in fact usually slightly curled backwards with the tip raised.

/l/The fact that the /l/ phoneme is typically produced with potential air flow around one or both sides of the tongue makes it unique among English speech sounds.It is also highly variable in terms of its articulation.Several important variations exist.In pronunciation,you produce it by dropping the sides of the tongue and allowing air to escape around the sides.

/i:/and/i/ /i:/ is made by raising the body of the tongue from its rest position and shifting it forward.The /i/ sound is made by lowering the tongue slightly froom the high-front position for /i:/.Also,/i:/ is a much more tense sound than /i/.The fact that English has these two high front vowles,differentiated by muscle tension in the root of the tongue,sets it apart from Chinese and many languages of the world.

/e/ and /æ/ /e/ the tongue body is shifted forward in the mid-place./æ/ is produced by shifting the body of the tongue forward from its relaxed state,and lowering it from the position for /e/.It is the lowest of the front vowels.

/ə:/ and /ə/ are central vowels./ə:/ is made with the tongue around the middle of the mouth.It occurs only in stressed syllables./ə/ is also called a schwa.It is made similarly to /ə:/,but with less tension.

/u:/and /u/ are both high,back,rounded vowels.The /u:/ marks the highest boundary for the back vowels,as /i:/ does for the front vowels.Therefore,the tongue is retracted from its rest position and toward the soft palate.Along with/u:/,/u/ completes the vowels in the high back space on the vowels chart.Its corresponding front vowes is /i/.When making the sound,the tongue is retracted as for /u:/ but not elevated to the same extent.In addition,the/u/vowle is not made tith as much tension in the root of the tongue as /u:/.

/o:/is amid-back vowel.For its production,the tongue is retracted and almost flat in the mouth.The vowel is almost fully back and has quite strong lip-rounding./o/is a low vowel.The lips are slightly rounded.

/a:/ and /a/ The /a:/ is made by lowering and flattening the tongue in the oral cavity.It is a low vowel,but not as far back as other back vowels in English./a/ is quite different from other vowels in this group in that it is more like a central vowel than a back vowel./a/ is made with the tongue around the approximate middle of the mouth,but shifted slightly back.It is lower than the other central vowels /ə:/ and /ə/.The lip position is nertral.

/iə/,/eə/ and /uə/ are called centring diphthongs because they all glide towards /ə/,as the symbols indicate.The starting point for /iə/ is a little closer than /i/ in bit,bin./eə/ begins with the similar vowel sound as the /e/ of get,men./uə/ has a starting point slightly closer than /u/ in put,pull.

/ei/,/ai/ and /oi/ are three diphthongs that glide towards/i/./ei/ begins with the same vowel sound as the /e/ of get,men./ai/ begins with an open vowel which is betwwen front and back;it is quite similar to the /a/ in the words like cut,bun.The starting point of /oi/ is a little more open than /o:/ in ought,born.The closing diphthongs have the characteristic that they all end with a glide towards a closer vowel.Because the second part of the diphthong is weak,they often do ont reach a position that could be called close.The important thing is that a glide from a relatively more open towards a relatively more close vowel is prduced.

/əu/ and /au/ are the two diphthongs that end with a glide towards /u/.So as the tongue moves closer to the roof of the mouth there is at the same time a rounding movement of the lips.

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翟殷晴达： 在此个别音标不能显示: 英语发音规则 一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中 [ ] bag dad hat map black back e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中 [e] bed ...

绥棱县15223069454： 英语音标拼读规则 - ？
翟殷晴达： 元音共20个 包括单元音12个:[i:]、[i]、[e]、[A]、[[:]、[[]、[Q]、[B:]、[C:]、[C]、[U:]、[U] 双元音8个:[ei]、[ai]、[Ci]、[aU]、[[U]、[i[]、[Z[]、[U[] 辅音共28个 包括爆破音6个:[p]、、[t]、[d]、[k]、[^] 磨擦音10个:[f]、[v]、[P]、[T]、[s]、[z]、[r]、[F]...

绥棱县15223069454： 英语音标发音规则 - ？
翟殷晴达： 48个国际音标表 元音 12个单元音 长元音 [i:][E:][C:][u:][B:] 短元音 [i][E][C][u][Q][e][A] 8个双元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au] 辅音 10对 清辅音 [p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts] 浊辅音 [b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz] 3个鼻音 [m][n][N] 3个似拼音 [h][r][l] 2个半元音 [w][j]