简短的演讲西方地理对西方文化形成的影响

求推荐讲欧洲文化，各国人文地理的书籍~

有一套丛书《生活在遥远的年代》，有各国的名人轶事，普通人的生活状态等。。
还有韩国人画过一套漫画，《漫画英国》，《漫画法国》，《漫画荷兰》。。。都不错。。
如果要很深入的话，就去看西方哲学史等大部头了，我以上所列的都是图文并茂的那种
还有余秋雨先生的《文化苦旅》

以下2篇内容可以参考，长短可以自己调整：）~~
1.Western students enjoy a seemingly relaxed educational experience. This, however, is not the case for students in Asia, who face crushing workloads and are often very disciplined. In the first part of her Globalist.

China has a long history of standardized tests, beginning with the ancient imperial exams initiated during the Sui Dynasty.Shelly Chen is at the top of the class at the Shanghai foreign language school, one of the city’s best middle schools. Already near fluent in English, she is studying German and ranks among the highest in her grade in physics. Her goal is to get a full scholarship to Harvard to study biochemistry. It is not only Western expatriates that grow anxious when hearing about students like Shelly.

Throughout England, politicians, parents and pundits worry that the industriousness and discipline of kids in the East are leaving relatively relaxed Westerners trailing behind. Though there is some debate surrounding the statistics, it is widely believed that North America is failing to produce sufficient graduates in sciences and engineering.
Chinese students are taught that all questions have but one right answer and there is little room for debate.North American education needs to move away from an emphasis on fun, flexibility and individual learning styles.Instead, it has to shift towards a more strict, disciplined teaching environment that math and science, in particular, seem to demand.This shift can be discerned even in Canada, where there are no college entrance exams, and where, standardized testing, memorization and rote learning have long been frowned upon.
2.Comparisons between Chinese and Western Culture

China dates its civilization back to five thousand years ago. Through these centuries, Chinese people have developed as a hard-working, brave, warm-hearted and neutral nationality. While most of the western people built up their countries several hundred years ago, they are characterized by liberty, opening, enterprising and risk-taking. Some detailed comparisons between Chinese culture and western one will be discussed as follows.

Wushu, known in the West as Kongfu, is a traditional folk sport. It's Chinese martial arts and is characteristic of various barehand and armed combat techniques. People practice it to build up body and protect themselves. Qigong and Taijiquan are also popular sports widely spread in China. On the other hand, the western are more interested in such sports as baseball, softball, tennis ball, golf, etc. Some need a team spirit, some need speed, and others need patience and luck.

Chinese opera, Beijing Opera for instance, is a comprehensive performing art. It combines music, singing, dialogues, acrobatics and martial arts. You must be fascinated by peculiar costumes, colored facial painting and excellent fighting scenes. The performers must spend many years practicing to guarantee the proficiency. However, the western opera doesn’t include much action and facial painting, most of the opera are music, singing, dialogues and the usual life performance, just telling the viewers what happen in a story.

Chinese traditional medicine is based on the theory of Yin (negative) and Yang (positive). If the balance in a person between Yin and Yang is disturbed, he is sure to become ill. Observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and palpating are four diagnostic methods. The medicine is mainly made from herbs, animals and minerals that are directly collected from nature. It must be boiled with water before the sick person takes it. On the contrary, the western doctors use high-tech equipment to diagnose the exact ill parts, prescript troches which can be directly swallowed with warm water, and maybe give an injection if necessary.

The celebration of Spring Festival, Chinese Lunar New Year, has a history of two thousand years. Before the day, people working in other places will go home for the reunion supper, "Tuanyuanfan". After the midnight, people set off firecrackers and fireworks, believing that they will drive away the evil spirit. During the holiday, people will visit their relatives and friends. Qingming, Dragon boat, Mid-Autumn festival are also Chinese popular festivals. On the other hand, in the West, Christmas Day is the most important festival. Before the day, they buy Christmas trees decorated with colored flash lamps, and spend the day with their family; the children will wait all night for Santa Claus to send them presents. Valentine's Day, Easter, April fool's Day, Thanks-giving Day are western popular festivals.

西方历史上曾创造出辉煌的古希腊和古罗马文明，但是随着基督教的分立和蛮族的入侵，西罗马帝国的覆灭，西方世界陷入了漫长的黑暗之中，在中世纪除了贵族和神职人员以外，即使是小贵族的骑士阶层都没有学习文化的权利，所以在文艺复兴后，西方文化追求的是人性的自由和解放，但是因为欧洲历史上鲜有大一统的王朝的出现，而欧洲又是出了名的多民族、多国家的大洲，所以反映在西方的文化上就呈现出一种矛盾、别扭的状态。一方面，宣扬的是天赋人权、人性自由、民主法治，但是限于国家的狭窄和历史、地理上的分裂，这种文化源泉又将人性的贪婪、欲望和国家的政权捆绑在一起，所以欧洲容易出顶级的战争狂人和野心家，狭窄的地域，分裂的现实，造就了欧洲文化上升到国家意识就是一种体现小国寡民的现实和对称霸甚至统一欧洲的欲望

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